Ukulahleka kwegazi elimhlophe ngokuyinhloko kuhlobene nokutheleleka
I-Lymphopenia (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-lymphocytopenia) yigama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza isimo lapho ungenalo uhlobo oluthile lweseli lwegazi okuthiwa i-lymphocyte. I-lymphocytes ingenye yezinhlobo ezintathu ze- white cell cell (eyaziwa ngokuthi i-leukocytes) etholakala egazini. Umsebenzi we-leukocytes njengengxenye yomzimba wethu wokuzivikela omzimba wokuqala wokuvikela imishanguzo ngokulwa nezifo ezibangelwa izifo ezinjengama-bacteria, ama-virus, nama-parasites.
I-Lymphopenia ivame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka, kufaka phakathi ukushisa okuvamile, futhi kuzovame ukuphumula ngokwayo uma ukutheleleka kususwe. Ezimweni lapho imbangela idiopathic (yomsuka ongaziwa), ingase ikhombise isimo esibi kakhulu.
Ukuqonda i-Lymphocytes ne-Lymphopenia
Iningi lamaseli egazini lethu yi-erythrocytes (amangqamuzana egazi abomvu) anesibopho sokuthutha i-oxygen kuwo wonke umzimba. Lokhu kulandelwa yi-thrombocyte (platelet) ne-leukocytes.
Ama-leukocyte akhiqizwa emnothweni wamathambo futhi ajikeleze ngokukhululekile egazini njengengxenye yesistimu yomzimba. Ama-lymphocyte amelela ingxenye enkulu kunalawa maseli, kusuka noma yikuphi ukusuka kuma-25 kuya kwangu-45 amaphesenti.
Ama-lymphocyte angaphinde aphule abe ama-subsets amathathu:
- Ama-cell killer (NK) amangqamuzana asebenza njengendlela yokuqala yokuvikela amasosha omzimba
- T-amangqamuzana akhiqizwa ekuphenduleni i-pathogen ethile
- B-amangqamuzana akhiqiza ama-antibodies asiza amanye amangqamuzana abone futhi awanciphise amagciwane
Ngenxa yalokho, i-lymphopenia ingabonakala ngohlobo lwe-lymphocyte elichaphazelekile. Isibonelo, i- HIV ihlose ngqo ama-CD4 T-cell ukutheleleka, okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwalowo weseli. Ukulahlekelwa kwama-B-cell kuhlotshaniswa kakhulu nezidakamizwa ezicindezelayo (ezifana nalabo asetshenziselwa izitho zomzimba) ngenkathi ukuchithwa kwe-NK ngokuvamile kuyinto engavamile.
Izimbangela zeLymphopenia
I-Lymphopenia ingabangelwa yizimo eziningi, kuhlanganise nomthelela wesifo socansi kanye nemithi. Ngezinye izikhathi, lesi simo singathinta kuphela i-lymphocytes. Kwabanye, kungaba umphumela wokuqedwa kwazo zonke amaseli egazi ezimhlophe.
Ngokwesibonelo, uma ukwelashwa kwesifo sofuba esibangelwa yi-viral hepatitis kuhlanganisa i-peginterferon ne-ribavirin, kungabangela ukususwa kwe-neutrophils (i-neutropenia) nje noma i-lymphocyte kuphela (i-lymphopenia) kwabanye abantu. Kwezinye, kungathinta lonke uhlu lwamaseli amhlophe wegazi (leukopenia).
I-Lymphopenia ihlotshaniswa kakhulu nemibandela ethinta umongo wethambo, kuhlanganise:
- Ukutheleleka nge-viral okwenza okwesikhashana ukuphazamisa umsebenzi we-bone lomongo
- Ukukhathazeka okubangelwa yi-congenital okubandakanya umsebenzi we-bone lomnyoko owehlisiwe
- I-Cancer noma ezinye izifo ezilimaza umongo
- Ukuphazamiseka okuzenzakalelayo okubhubhisa amaseli amhlophe egazi noma amangqamuzana omnyo wesifuba
- Izifo ezitholakalayo ezibulala amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ngokushesha kunokuba zikhiqizwe
- Imithi, njengama-antibiotics, angabhubhisa amaseli egazi amhlophe
Izifo noma Izimo ezihlobene ne-Lymphopenia
Izifo kanye nezimo ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-lymphopenia zingachazwa ngokubanzi njengokuthi i-pathogenic (ehlobene nokutheleleka), i-cytotoxic (enobuhlungu emangqamuzaneni), i-congenital (ebangelwa i-genetic defect), noma isondlo.
Zihlanganisa:
- I-anemia ye-aplastic (isimo esingavamile lapho umzimba uyeka ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi)
- I-Chemotherapy
- I-HIV
- I-Hypersplenism (ukubhujiswa kusengaphambili kwamaseli egazi nge-spleen)
- I-leukemia (uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi)
- I-Lupus (i-autoimmune disorder)
- Ukungondleki kanye nokuntuleka kwevithamini
- Ama-syndromes aseMyelodysplastic (iqembu lezinkinga eziphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi)
- I-arthritis ye-rheumatoid (esinye isifo esizimele)
- Ukwelashwa kwamafutha
- Isifo sofuba
Yeka ukuthi i-White White Cell Count Count Usitshela Ngani
Ukubalwa kwesibalo segazi esimhlophe kuvame ukutholakala lapho u-oda lakho lwedokotela luvivinya ngesimo osenayo kakade.
Ukubalwa okuphansi akuvamile ukutholakala okungalindelekile.
Kwezinye izimo, uhlobo lomzimba wegazi omhlophe oluthintekile lungakwanela ukukukhomba ekuqondeni ukuxilongwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungadinga ukuhlolwa okungeziwe ukuze uqoqe ndawonye imbangela.
Ukubala kwesibalo segazi esimhlophe kakhulu kwenza izindawo zibe engozini enkulu yokutheleleka. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungadingeka uthathe izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuvimbela ukugula. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugwema abanye abangase bagula, bahlanza izandla njalo njalo, noma bagqoke imaski ebuso uma usesikhungweni esivinjelwe (njengendiza) nabanye.
> Umthombo
- > Janeway, C .; Amathrekhi, i-P .; I-Walport, M .; et al. Immunobiology (5th ed.) ENew York naseLondon: Garland Science; I-ISBN 0-8153-4102-6.
- > Regent, A .; I-Autran, B .; I-Carcelain, G .; et al. "Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia: izici zemitholampilo kanye ne-immunologic nokulandelwa kweziguli ezingu-40." Imithi. 2014; 93 (2): 61-72.