Gcina Amehlo Akho Nombono Uphephile
Ukulimala kweso kuvame kakhulu emsebenzini. Ngokusho kweNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (i-NIOSH), abantu abangaba ngu-2 000 e-US bagcina ukulimala kwamehlo okusongela emsebenzini nsuku zonke. Izingozi nokulimala emisebenzini zihlanganisa ama-chemical and grease splashes, ukushisa kwe-steam, ukuvezwa kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet, nezinsimbi ezindizayo zezinkuni noma zensimbi. Ukulimala okujulile kweso kuvame ukubangelwa ukusikeka okwamanje kanye nokwehliswa kweso.
Ngaphandle kokulimala kanzima, ezinye izisebenzi zingase zibe engozini yokuthuthukisa izifo ezivela ebusweni. Ezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo zingadluliselwa ngezingqamuzana zomzimba zeso. Ukwehliswa ngokuqondile kwegazi, izimpukane zokuphefumula zokukhwehlela, noma ngokuthinta amehlo ngeminwe ehlambulukile noma ezinye izinto ngokuvamile ziba nezono. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kanye nodokotela bamazinyo bakholelwa ukuthi ukuvikelwa kweso kunganciphisa ubunzima bokulimala kweso, futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho nokuzivimbela.
Okwenza Ukulimala Kwamehlo Kwenzeke Emsebenzini
Abantu emsebenzini ngokuvamile babhekana nokulimala kweso ngezizathu ezimbili ezibalulekile: hhayi ukugqoka ukuvikelwa kweso noma ukugqoka uhlobo olubi lokuvikelwa kweso. Ucwaningo lwe-Bureau of Labor Statistics luthi abasebenzi abangaba ngu-3 kwabangu-5 abathola ukulimala kweso babengeke bagqoke ukuvikelwa kweso ngesikhathi sengozi. Eziningi zalezi zimo, izisebenzi zazikholelwa ukuthi ukuvikelwa kweso kwakungadingeki umsebenzi abawuhilelekile kuwo. I-Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) idinga ukuthi abasebenzi basebenzise ukuvikelwa kwamehlo nobuso ngaso sonke isikhathi uma kunokwenzeka ukulimala okungavinjelwa. Izindwangu zokuzivikela zomuntu siqu, ezifaka izigqoko, izihlangu zombuso, izibuko zokuphepha, noma iziphefumula ezigcwele ubuso kufanele zisetshenziswe uma kunezingozi zeso. Ukuvikelwa kweso elifanele kuncike enhlobonhlobo yengozi, izimo zokuchayeka, nezidingo zomuntu ngabanye.
Izingozi Zamehlo Ezenzekayo Emsebenzini
Uma kunengozi yokulimala kweso kukhona emsebenzini, ukuvikelwa kweso kufanele kusetshenziswe. Khumbula ukuthi eminye imisebenzi ingafaka okungaphezu kweyodwa ingozi yeso. Ukuvikelwa kuyadingeka uma kukhona okwezingozi zeso ezilandelayo:
- Izinto ze-Projectile: uthuli, ukhonkolo, insimbi, izinkuni, njll.
- Amakhemikhali: ama-splashes nama-fumes
- Umswakama: ukukhanya okubonakalayo, imisebe ye-ultraviolet , ukushisa noma imisebe ye-infrared, ne-lasers
- Ama-pathogens egazi: i-hepatitis noma i-HIV egazini nasezimpilweni zomzimba
Iminye imisebenzi ibeka ingozi embonweni kunabanye. Imisebenzi elandelayo inengozi enkulu yokugcina ukulimala kweso:
- ukwakhiwa
- ukubazi
- ukukhiqiza
- izimayini
- ugesi
- ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalela
- amapayipi
- welding
- ukugcinwa
Indlela Yokuvikela Amehlo Akho Ngomsebenzi
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekuvikeleni amehlo akho nombono endaweni yomsebenzi uyazi ukuthi ingozi yokulimala ikhona. Ukwenza lezi zinto ezintathu ezilandelayo kungasiza ukugcina amehlo akho ephephile:
- Ukuqeda izingozi ekuqaleni kosuku ngokusebenzisa abalindi bemishini, izikrini zomsebenzi noma ezinye izilawuli zobunjiniyela.
- Sebenzisa ukuvikelwa kweso efanele.
- Gcina ama-eyewear wakho wokuphepha esimweni esihle. Ukushintshwa kwezingubo zokuphepha ezonakalisiwe.
Izinhlobo Zokuvikelwa Kwamajoka Ukuphepha
Okokuqala, ukuba uphephe ngokuphelele, thola izidingo zokuphepha ezifanele zohlobo lwakho lomsebenzi futhi uqinisekise ukuthi indawo yokusebenzela iphephile ngangokunokwenzeka. Susa izingozi zeso nomaphi lapho kungenzeka. Uhlobo lokuvikelwa kweso okufanele ulugqoke luncike ezinozini ezikhona endaweni yakho yokusebenzela. Cabangela okusikisela okulandelayo:
- Uma usebenza endaweni enezinhlayiya, izinto ezindizayo, noma uthuli, kumele okungenani ugqoke izibuko zokuphepha ngokuvikelwa kohlangothi (izihlangu ezihlangene).
- Uma usebenza namakhemikhali, kufanele ugqoke izigulane.
- Uma usebenza eduze nemisebe enobungozi (welding, lasers, noma fiber optics) kufanele usebenzise izibuko zokuphepha ezikhethekile, izinkinobho, izihlangu zobuso, noma izigqoko ezenzelwe lowo msebenzi.
Izinhlobo zokuvikelwa kweso zifaka okulandelayo:
- Izibuko zokuphepha. Izibuko zokuphepha zingase zibukeke njengezingubo ezivamile, kodwa zihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kakhudlwana kakhudlwana. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezibuko zingenziwa nge-prescription noma okungavunyelwe amalensi. Ama-lens namafreyimu wezibuko zokuphepha anamandla kakhulu kunezibuko ezivamile. Zivikela isiqhumane sezinhlayiya ezindizayo, uthuli, noma izinhlamvu zezinto eziyingozi. Izibuko zokuphepha ezimboza amehlo noma ezifaka izihlangu ezihlangene zinikeza ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe. Ama-glass lamabhodlela okuphepha avame ukwenza nge-plastic noma polycarbonate material. I-Polycarbonate inikeza ukuvikelwa okubaluleke kakhulu. Qinisekisa ukuthi izibuko zakho zokuphepha ezikhethile zihlangabezana namazinga okuphepha we-American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
- Amagogi okuphepha. Ama-goggles ahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuphawulekayo emthonjeni, uthuli, kanye nokwehla kwamakhemikhali. Izikhumba zokuphepha, njengezibuko zokuphepha, ziphikisana kakhulu nomthelela. Lezi zigijimi nazo zinikeza isihlangu esiphephile kulo lonke iso ukuze zivikele ezingozini ezingavela kunoma iyiphi indlela. Ama-goggles angagqoke izibuko zokugqoka kanye nama-lens.
- F izihlangu izihlangu kanye helmets. Izihlangu zomzimba zihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okugcwele kwabasebenzi abavezwa ngamakhemikhali, ukushisa, noma amagciwane aphethwe yigazi. Amakhansela asetshenziswa kakhulu ngama-welders noma abantu abasebenza ngezinto ezibunjiwe. Izihlangu zomzimba nezigqoko, noma kunjalo, akufanele zisetshenziswe yedwa. Kufanele zisetshenziswe kanye nezibuko zokuphepha noma izigqoko, ngakho amehlo avikela ngisho nalapho isihlangu siphakanyiswa.
- S ukuvikelwa okukhethekile. Amanye ama-welders nabantu abasebenza ngama-lasers badinga ama-eyewear okukhethekile okuphepha. Amakhansela noma izigqoko ezinezihlungi ezikhethekile ukuvikela amehlo ekukhanyeni kwemisebe ekhanyayo kufanele zisetshenziswe ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Izwi elivela
Umbono yizinzwa zethu eziyigugu kakhulu. Ukuvikela amehlo nombono endaweni yomsebenzi kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze uhlinzeke ngokuvikeleka okwanele, noma kunjalo, izibuko zokuphepha kufanele zilungele kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadivayisi wokuvikela iso kufanele agcinwe ngendlela efanele yokusebenza. Amalensi okuphepha angcolile noma angcolile ngokuvamile anciphisa umbono futhi abangela ukukhanya . Lezi zimo zingabangela izingozi. Khumbula ukuhlola ama-eyewear akho okuphepha njalo bese ubeka izibuko eziphambene noma ezindala uma kudingeka. Ukusebenzisa ama-eyewear evikelekile angakusiza ukugcina uphephile kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezingozi zeso emsebenzini. Uma ugcina ukulimala okuhlobene neso emsebenzini, funa ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma unesifo emehlweni, umbono obonakalayo noma ukulahlekelwa yimuphi umbono, ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungasiza ekunciphiseni umonakalo noma ngisho nokulondoloza amehlo akho.
> Umthombo:
> Dang, uShirley. "Ukulimala Kwamehlo Emsebenzini." I-American Academy of Ophthalmology, 22 Feb 2016.