I-Mirena IUD ye-Treatment of Periods ezinzima
Uma ucabanga nge-IUD yokulawulwa kokubeletha futhi ube nezinkathi ezinzima, i-Mirena IUD iyindlela enhle? Lokhu kuqhathaniswa kanjani kokubili imithi yomlomo kanye nezinketho zokuhlinzwa (ezifana nokuphefumula kwe-endometrial kanye ne-hysterectomy) yokulawula ukuphuma kwegazi okunzima?
Iyini i-Mirena IUD?
I-Mirena IUD yindlela eyodwa ye- IUD (i-intrauterine device) esetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuzalwa.
Le divoni ye- hormonal ingavimbela ukukhulelwa iminyaka emihlanu-ngokunciphisa ukukhulula i- progestin , i-levonorgestrel, ngalesi sikhathi. Uma ukhetha i-Mirena yokulawulwa kokuzalwa, ungase ukwazi ukuzuza kwezinye izinzuzo ezingezona zokukhulelwa ezifana nokukhulula ezikhathini ezinzima.
I-Mirena Yokuqothuka Okukhulu:
I-FDA ivume iMirena ngo-2009 ukusiza ukuphatha igazi elibi . Njengamanje uhlobo olulodwa lokulawulwa kokuzalwa oluvunyelwe ukusiza ukuphatha ukuphuma kweqile ngokweqile kokuya esikhathini. I-Mirena iyona kuphela yokukhetha ukwelapha okungewona ukwelashwa uma uhlupheka ngezikhathi ezinzima.
Zingaki Abafazi Abasuke Bebhekene Nokuqothuka Okukhulu?
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi phakathi kwamaphesenti ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye kwabesifazane abanempilo bahlushwa izinkathi ezinzima. Abesifazane abanenkathi esindayo bazolahlekelwa yizipuni eziyisihlanu noma eziyisithupha zegazi (ezilinganiselwa ku-80 mL noma ngaphezulu) emjikelezweni owodwa wokuya esikhathini. (Abesifazane abanezikhathi ezijwayelekile balahlekelwa kuphela amathisipuni angu-4 kuya kwangu-12 egazi (20-60 mL) ngesikhathi sabo.)
Izinkathi ezinzima zingaholela ekudleni kwegazi kanye nezinye izinkinga, hhayi ukukhuluma ngezinkinga zokuphila zokuphila nezikhathi ezinzima.
Ungayithola Kanjani Uma Unamathuba Aphakathi Kakhulu?
Kungaba nzima ukutshela ukuthi ulahlekelwa igazi elingakanani ngesikhathi sakho, futhi abesifazane abambalwa bazokwazi ukulinganisa inani lamasipuni noma amapuni wegazi elahlekile.
Ngenxa yalokhu, odokotela basikisela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uphelelwa ukuphuma kwegazi uma:
- Gcoba ngokusebenzisa i-pad noma i-tampon njalo amahora amabili kuya kwangu-3
- Wake wakhahla izingubo zakho noma umbhede ngenxa yokuphuma kwegazi
- Kumele uvuke phakathi nobusuku ukushintsha i-tampon yakho noma i-pad
- Gqoka kokubili isitampu nesipedi (sokuvikelwa kabili)
Ukusebenzisa iMirena Yokuqothula Okukhulu: Ucwaningo Lukusitshela Kanjani?
Kube nokucwaninga okuningi kocwaningo okwenziwa ukuze ubone ukuthi i-Mirena iyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo yezikhathi ezinzima, kokubili yedwa, uma kuqhathaniswa nemithi yomlomo, futhi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinqubo zokuhlinza ezifana ne-endometrial ablation kanye ne-hysterectomy. Nasi isifingqo salunye lolu cwaningo:
- Ucwaningo oluthile lwabesifazane abahlushwa kakhulu, uMirena wancishisa inani lokuphuma kwesikhashana ngamaphesenti angu-80 emva kwezinyanga ezintathu zokusetshenziswa. Emva kwezinyanga ezingu-6, ukuphuma kwegazi kunciphise ngamaphesenti angu-90.
- Olunye ucwaningo lwabheka abesifazane abangama-50 ababehlela ukuhlinzwa ukuze baphathe izinkathi zabo ezinzima kodwa bavuma ukuba noMirena afakwe esikhundleni. Abesifazane abangamashumi amathathu nesikhombisa babika ukuthi baqaphele ukulahlekelwa kwegazi okuningi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu zokusetshenziswa kweMirena. Le nombolo yanda ku-41 emva kwezinyanga ezingu-9 zokusetshenziswa. Abangu-40 kulaba besifazane banquma ukuqhubeka basebenzisa iMirena esikhundleni sokuhlinzwa ukuze baphathe ukuphuma kwegazi.
- Uma kuqhathaniswa kokubili iphilisi lokulawula ukuzalwa kwe-progesin kuphela neDepo-Provera, i-Mirena itholwe ukuthi iyasebenza kakhulu ekulawuleni ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu.
- Ukubuyekezwa kwezifundo eziyisithupha zocwaningo ezikhombisa ukuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa ne- endometrial ablation (inqubo yokuhlinza esusa umgqa wesibeletho), iMirena itholakala ukuthi iphumelele ekunciphiseni ukulahlekelwa kwegazi kwanyanga zonke. I-Mirena nayo itholakala ukuthi iyindlela ehlukile yokuphumula kwe-endometrile ngoba kunemiphumela emibi kakhulu kanti iMirena ayikuthinti ukuzala kwakho esikhathini esizayo (ngokumelene nokuphumula kwe-endometrial okungenza kube nzima ukukhulelwa).
- Ucwaningo olulodwa lubheke iMirena njengendlela yokwelashwa okukhulu kwegazi ngonyaka owodwa. I-Mirena itholakale ukuthi iyindlela yokwelapha okuphumelelayo kwabesifazane abathathu kwabayisine abanegazi elinamandla-amaphesenti angu-79.5 alaba besifazane bahlele ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa iMirena. Lolu cwaningo lwabonisa ukuthi i- hemoglobin (isakhi esiyinhloko ngamaseli abomvu wegazi) yanda ezinyangeni ezingu-3 no-12 kwabesifazane abasebenzisa i-Mirena. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba ukuphuma okunzima kungaholela ezingeni eliphansi le-hemoglobin-futhi lokhu kungakubeka engozini yokuba yi-anemic (lapho umzimba wakho ungenayo okwanele amangqamuzana egazi obomvu).
- Ucwaningo lwango-2017 luhlolisisa umehluko phakathi kweMirena, hysterectomy, kanye ne-endometrial ablation yokuphuma kwegazi. I-Mirena ibhekene nokuhle kakhulu mayelana nenani lekhwalithi yeminyaka yokuphila, ilandelwa i-hysterectomy, ilandelwa ukunikezwa kwe-endometrial. Imiphumela emibi ingavamile kakhulu nge-Mirena kune-ablation ye-endometrium, kodwa iMirena iyabiza kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa.
I-Mirena Inciphisa Kanjani Ukukhipha Ukuya esikhathini?
Ngokuvamile, kubonakala sengathi i-Mirena ingasiza ukuphatha igazi elinzima ngezindlela ezimbili:
- I-Mirena inganciphisa inani lokuphuma kwegazi unenyanga ngayinye.
- Ukulahleka kwegazi lakho konke ngomjikelezo ngamunye kunganciphisa kancane ngokuqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kweMirena.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-Mirena IUD ifakwe esibelethweni sakho i-progesin ekhishwe yasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqina kwebhande lesisu (okwenzeka ngenyanga ngayinye). Lokhu kwenza uhlaka lube mncane, ngakho-ke kukhona okuncane okuzokhipha phakathi nesikhathi. Lokhu kufana nokuphuma kwenyanga kancane.
Kudingeka Kude Kangakanani Imirena Yokunciphisa Ukukhamba?
I-Mirena inganciphisa ukuphuma kwenyanga njalo kulaba besifazane abanezikhathi ezijwayelekile noma ezinzima. Iningi labesifazane abasebenzisa i-Mirena bazothola ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwegazi emva kwezinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezi-6 zokusetshenziswa. Kubonakala sengathi cishe ku-85% wehla ekugejeni kwegazi ezinyangeni ezintathu emva kokufaka ukuthi ngabe ugaye njalo noma uphepha kakhulu. Ngemuva konyaka wokusetshenziswa, amaphesenti angaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-95 anciphisa ukuphuma kwegazi.
Emva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha zokusetshenziswa, cishe amaphesenti angu-20 abesifazane abasebenzisa iMirena ngeke athole isikhathi nhlobo. Leli nani likhuphuka libe ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-50 emva kokusebenzisa i-Mirena iminyaka emihlanu.
Ukukhangisa Kungase Kwandiswe Ekuqaleni NgeMirena
Abanye besifazane besaba ukuthi iMirena ngeke isisize masinyane, njengoba beqaphela ukuthi banamabala amaningi kunokuba bancane. Kubalulekile ukuveza ukuthi lokhu kutholakala kokuqala (izinsuku eziningi zokuphawula noma ukuphaphazeka okungavamile) kuvamile emva kokuba iMirena ifakiwe, kodwa ngokuvamile iyancipha ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa zokusetshenziswa.
Ngezansi ekusebenziseni i-Mirena IUD yokukhipha ukunyuka okukhulu kokuya esikhathini
I-Mirena IUD inganciphisa kakhulu ukuphuma kwezimpawu kubantu abaningi abane-IUD efakwe. Lokhu kungasiza nje kuphela ngezinkinga zokuphila kanye nokukwazi ukuthola i-anemia kodwa kungenasidingo esincane kunezinye zezinqubo zokuhlinzwa ezisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuphuma kwegazi. Futhi kunenzuzo yokugcina kangcono ukuzala kwakho uma ucabanga ukuthi uzoba nengane noma enye ingane esikhathini esizayo.
Noma iyiphi indlela yokunciphisa ukuphuma kwesikhatsi ingaba nemiphumela emibi, futhi kubalulekile ukuba nengxoxo ngokucophelela nodokotela wakho ngalokho okulungile kuwe.
> Imithombo:
> Lethaby, A., Hussain, M., Rishworth, J., noMnu Rees. I-Progesterone noma i-Progesterone-Ukukhulula Izinhlelo Zokusetshenziswa Kwamasondo Okukhipha Ukwehla Okukhulu Kwesisindo. I-Cochrane Database yezibuyekezo ezihleliwe. 2015. 30 (4): i-CD002126.
> Marjoribanks, J., Lethaby, A., noC. C. Farquhar. Ukwelashwa Ngokumelene Nokunakekelwa Kwezokwelapha Ukuphulukiswa Okukhulu Kwokuya esikhathini. I-Cochrane Database yezibuyekezo ezihleliwe . 2016. (1): CD003855.