Kusuka ku-CT Scans kuya eCracer Treatment, Iziguli Zingaba Ngaphandle Kakhulu
Inani lemishanguzo elisetshenziselwa iziguli ngenxa yokuxilongwa ngezokwelashwa kanye nokwelashwa kuye kwacatshangelwa eminyakeni yamuva. Nakuba ochwepheshe abambalwa bebaza ukuthi izinzuzo ezithile zokulondoloza impilo zisebenza ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi esifanele, ezinye zibonisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa ngokweqile kungaba yingozi ezigulini.
Njenganoma yini enhle futhi ewusizo, kumele kube nokulinganisela ukuthi imishanguzo isetshenziswa kanjani.
Iziguli ezihlakaniphile ziqonda ukuthi imishanguzo iyini, ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani emzimbeni, izingozi kanye nemivuzo, nezinzuzo nezingozi zokusebenzisa imisebe yokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.
Iyini imisebe?
I-radiation yindlela yamandla eyenzeka ngokwemvelo futhi ingase ihlanganiswe ukusebenzisa okuningi ngenhloso. I-radiation ayifani ne-ugesi, eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ngesimo sombane noma ugesi omile, kodwa ingahlanganiswa ukugijima imishini noma ukuvula izibani. Kuncike ekusebenziseni ugesi, kungasisiza kakhulu, noma kungasibulala ekukhulekeleni okukhulu.
Kuyafana nokukhanya kwemisebe. Sifakwa ekulandeleni ama-radiation ngezimo ezenzeka ngokwemvelo njengokukhanya kwelanga, inhlabathi, amadwala, amanzi kanye nomoya. Amazinga aphansi kakhulu emisakazweni adluliselwa ezintweni ezenziwa umuntu nsuku zonke njengama-TV namarediyo, amafoni, ama-open door door, ama-oven microwaves - noma yini encike ezinhlotsheni ezithile zamazaza omsakazo ukusebenza.
Inani elikhulu kakhulu futhi eliyingozi lemishanguzo likhiqizwa izinto ezifana nezitshalo zamandla enyukliya noma imishini yokwelapha esetshenziselwa ukucabanga ngemithi kanye nokwelashwa.
I-Radiation isetshenziselwa kanjani izinhloso zezokwelapha?
Cabanga emuva kwesikhathi sokuphila kwakho ukunakekelwa kwezempilo. Uke waba ne- CT ("ikati" - scan computed tomography), iskena se- PET (positron emission tomography), noma ngisho ne- x ray ?
Yonke imisebe emithathu yokusebenzisa ukusiza ukuhlonza izinkinga zezokwelapha. Ungaziwa ngamanye amagama, futhi. Amamograms asebenzisa imisebe ukuze ahlolwe umdlavuza webele. I-DXA (DEXA) ihlola ukuthi isebenzisa i-X-ray ukuze ihlolwe i-osteoporosis.
Ngaphandle kokuxilongwa, imisebe iyithuluzi yokwelashwa, futhi. Umdlavuza wesifuba, umdlavuza wesifo sofuba, umdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza ungase uphathe ukwelapha imishanguzo emzamweni wokwehlisa noma ukubhubhisa izicubu noma amanye amangqamuzana anomdlavuza. I-radiation oncology yigama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza le ndlela yokwelashwa.
Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kwemithi, umdlalo oqondile kakhulu, ohlosiwe we-radiation ukhonjiswe ezindaweni ezinenkinga yomdlavuza, futhi amandla omlilo asetshenziselwa ukubulala amangqamuzana amabi futhi abhubhise lezo zicubu. Ngenxa yokuthi ingahle ihloselwe kahle, amaseli enempilo ezindaweni ezungezile azosinda.
Izivivinyo zezokwelashwa ezihlukahlukene ezivela emisebeni ye-radiation njenge-CT izikrini azihlosiwe. Bakha izithombe ezibanzi, ezihlanganisa zonke izicubu ezinempilo nezingozi zomdlavuza.
Ngabe Kuningi Kangakanani Ukushiswa Kwemvula?
Uma kuziwa kwizicelo zezokwelapha, akubonakali ukuthi kuneziqondiso eziqondile ezisitshela ukuthi imisebe yiningi kangakanani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, incazelo "yokuningi" ingahluka kusuka kwesineke kuya kwesiguli.
Isibonelo, isiguli esithola ukwelashwa kwama-radiation okuhloswe ngokunembile ukubhubhisa isisu kuyothola amanani amaningi kakhulu kunomuntu othole i-CT scan. Leso silinganiso sokungcola kufanelekile ngesiguli somdlavuza ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa uma umuntu onempilo ebhekene nemisebe eminingi kakhulu, kungenzeka kube kakhulu. Ngokweqile, ukwedlula ngokweqile kwezokwelapha kubizwa ngokuthi i-radiation poisoning noma i-radiation syndrome enamandla.
Inhlanganisela yenani kanye nemvamisa yokuchayeka, ingxenye yomzimba, kanye nesikhathi sesikhathi yizici ezisiza ukuchaza ukuthi kunezikhathi eziningi. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, izinyanga eziningana zokuphila esikhathini esizayo zingase zingabi nezinkinga, kanti ukuphindwe kabili ngonyaka kungadlulela isiguli.
Kwezinye izimo, "okuningi" kuwumphumela wamaphutha. Lezo zilinganiso eziphezulu ezisetshenziselwa izinhloso zokusakaza i-radiation zingaba yingozi uma ibhalishi ingacacisiwe ngokunembile. Iziguli zingase zenziwe ngaphezulu uma imishini yokuhlola imishanguzo ingazange ifakwe kahle, noma uma umuntu enza iphutha lokufaka izilungiselelo zesimo.
Imali ingase ibe yinto , futhi. Ezinhlelo zezokwelapha eziqhutshwa ngenzuzo, noma lapho kusetshenziswa khona imithi evikelayo , ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi iziguli zinikezwa kakhulu kulezi zivivinyo ezisekelwe emisebeni kunalokho ezindaweni ezingekho izici. Lezo zivivinyo ezingeziwe zingabangela ukugqama okukhulu emisebeni.
Kwenzekani Uma Sikhulunywa Ngomsindo Omningi?
Ukwehliswa okukhulu kwemisindo kubangele izinkinga ezincane nezesikhathi eside.
Lapho umzimba uphazamisekile, ama-cell and tiscu aphilile aphelile. Kungase kube khona izimpawu ezivela esikhathini esifushane ngemuva kokukhipha isikhathi eside (amahora noma izinsuku) njengezinambuzane, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukuphelelwa amandla, ukulahlekelwa izinwele, ukushisa kwesikhumba noma isikhumba sokukhwabanisa, ukulahlekelwa izinwele nezinye.
Ukwehliswa okukhulu kwemisebe phezu kwesikhathi kungabangela izifo ezingapheli ezifana nomdlavuza, ekugcineni kubangele ukufa. Ucwaningo olulodwa lwabonisa ukuthi abantu abangu-15 000 baseMelika bafa ngonyaka ngamunye ngenxa yokushiswa kwemisebe ngesikhathi sokuphila kwabo emithonjeni yemvelo neminye. Ucwaningo olufanayo lwabonisa ukuthi odokotela abaningi, kuhlanganise nama-radiologists, abaqondi izingozi zokungapheli okukhulu emisebeni.
Ukweqa ngokweqile konke ngesikhathi esisodwa (okungahle kwenzeke uma ukungasebenzi kwemishini) kungabangela ukufa.
Indlela Yokunciphisa Ukuvezwa Kwakho Emsakazweni Wezokwelapha
Okokuqala, hlola ingozi vs umvuzo. Ungavame ukwenza lokhu kuhlola ngengxoxo nodokotela wakho. Isibonelo, uma kuziwa ekwelapheni komdlavuza, ukubhujiswa noma ukunciphisa ubukhulu besisu kuyodingeka kube yengozi yomthwalo wemisebe. Kodwa-ke, uma unquma ukuthola umbono wesibili noma wesithathu mayelana nokuxilongwa kwakho, nodokotela ngamunye ugxila ekusebenziseni ucwaningo lwakhe lwe-CT kunokuba nje ufunde lokho osuvele unakho, khona-ke ukuvezwa kungase kungadingekile. Xoxa ngokukhathazeka kwakho nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi kukhona yini eyamukelekayo.
Uma ukhulelwe noma usola ukuthi ungakhulelwa, qiniseka ukuthi uyakusho lokhu kudokotela wakho. Ukuvezwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungalimaza ingane yakho.
Uma uzothola ukwelashwa kwemisebe yomdlavuza, khona-ke kungaba usizo ukubuza oncologist yakho ukuthi ingabe umthamo uzosetshenziswa , bese ubuza ochwepheshe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthamo, ukuze uqhathanise amanothi. Uma izimpendulo zingalingani, cela umuntu ukuthi ahlole kabili.
Uma uzobe uthola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelashwa okwenziwe imisebe, cela ukuthi zimboze izingxenye zomzimba wakho zingahlolwa . Isibonelo esihle yindlela indlela odokotela bamazinyo akhomba ngayo i-torso yakho nesisu ngaphambi kokuthatha i-x ray yamazinyo akho.
Ukulandelela zonke izivivinyo zakho zezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ukuhlolwa kohlobo lwe-radiation njengo-X-rays, ukuhlola kwe-CT, nokuhlola kwe-PET. (Qaphela - i-MRIs ayisebenzisi imisebe, kodwa kuwukuhlakanipha ukuyilandelela, futhi.) Yenza uhlu olufaka usuku lokuhlolwa, uhlobo lokuhlolwa, nokuthi yini ehlolwe. Ngesikhathi esilandelayo udokotela eyala omunye walezo zivivinyo kuwe, umbonise uhlu bese ubuza ukuthi kukhona yini ukuhlolwa okunye ukuvimbela ukukhululeka kokuya emisebeni.
Uma ungathanda ukulandelela ukutholakala kwemisebe yakho, kunezinye amathuluzi atholakalayo ukwenza lokhu:
- I-Colon Cancer Expert ihlanganise ulwazi mayelana namazinga emisebe .
- Bala i-Radiation Dose yakho - Imininingwane evela ku-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- Izinhlelo zokusebenza zitholakalayo, isibonelo, kukhona uhlelo olubizwa nge-Radiation Passport.
> Imithombo:
> I-Medline Plus evela kumaziko kazwelonke wezeMpilo: Ukuboniswa kwelanga
> I-National Cancer Institute: Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa zeCanscer: Imibuzo nezimpendulo (Juni 30, 2010)
> David J. Brenner, Ph.D., D.Sc., no-Eric J. Hall, D.Phil., D.Sc. I-Tomography Ehlanganisiwe - Umthombo Owandayo Wokuboniswa Kwemisebe Yase-New England Journal of Medicine November 2007 Umqulu 357: 2277-2284
Umhlahlandlela wezeMpilo weNew York Times - Ukugula Kwemithi (ngoMashi 2010)