Umbuzo: Kuyini Iphutha Lokuzikhumbuza?
Impendulo: Iphutha le-Refractive livela lapho ilanga lingagubuli kahle ngokukhanyisa (lingena) uma lingena esweni, okwenza kube nesithombe esicacile. Kunezinkinga eziningana ezibandakanya iphutha lokuziphendulela, eziningi zazo okungenzeka zijwayele kakhulu kuwe.
Lokhu okulandelayo yiziphambeko zokuvama ezivame kakhulu:
- Ukubhekwa kwezinto eziseduze: Ukuzibona ngeso lengqondo, noma i-myopia, yisimo lapho izinto eziseduze zibonakala ngokucacile, kodwa ezikude zivuthiwe. Ukuzibona ngeso lengqondo kungazuzwa njengefa futhi kuvame ukutholakala ngesikhathi seyingane.
- Ukubhekela phambili : Ukubhekela phambili, noma i-hyperopia (futhi ebizwa ngokuthi i-hypermetropia), ngokuvamile kubangela izinto ezikude ukuba zibonwe ngokucacile, kodwa izinto ezivelele zibonakala zifakwe emaceleni. Ukubhekwa phambili ngokuvame ukugijima emindenini. Uma umuntu enamazinga aphezulu okubuka phambili, ukubuka kwabo kude kungase kufinyeleleke ngaphezu kombono wabo oseduze. Abantu abaningi baphoqa ukubhekwa phambili kwe-presbyopia, iphutha lokuqhathanisa ngokuvamile elivela eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-40 ubudala.
- I-Astigmatism : I-Astigmatism ivele ivela lapho i- cornea ine-curvature engavamile. I-cornea igobile ngaphezulu kwesinye isiqondiso, okwenza kube nombono ongenalutho. I-Astigmatism ingabangela umbono obonakalayo kuwo wonke amabanga, futhi ivame ukuvela kanye nokubona okude noma ukubona okuncane. Abantu abaningi bane-astigmatism encane kakhulu. Amanani amaningi astigmatism abangela ukuphazamiseka kokungeziwe okubonayo okubonayo. Inani eliphakeme kakhulu le-astigmatism ngezinye izikhathi linenkinga enzima yokufinyelela umbono we-20/20.
- I-Presbyopia : I-Presbyopia inqubo evamile yokuguga kwe- lens iso. Ukulahlekelwa ukuqina kwe-lens eyenzeka ngokuguga, okwenza kube nzima ukugxila emigqeni eseduze. Ososayensi bakholelwa nokuthi ngaphezu kokulahlekelwa ukuqina kwe-lens, umsizi owenza i-lens ishintshe ukugxila, okuthiwa umzimba we-ciliary, uqala futhi ukusebenza. I-Presbyopia ivame ukuba yindalo ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-40-45 kodwa abantu abaphakathi kuka 35-40 bangabonisa izimpawu zakuqala ngokuya ngesimo sabo sokubukwa, umsebenzi nokuphila.
Amaphutha okufakela phambili aphakathi kwezinkinga zombono ezivame kakhulu e-United States. Nakuba futhi phakathi kwamazwe aseMelika amaningi aqondakalayo, aneziphambeko ezingenakulungiswa zokubhekwa. Ochwepheshe bokunakekela amehlo, njengama- optometrists kanye nama-ophthalmologists , bangakwazi ukuhlola iso eliphelele ukuze banqume ukuthi bangalungisa kanjani amaphutha okubhuka. Ukugqoka kwamehlo okulungisa, njengezibuko noma ama-lens, angabekwa ukuba asize ukuthuthukisa umbono. Ukuhlinzekwa ngokuphindaphindiwe nakho kungasetshenziselwa ukulungisa ukuphazamiseka kokubuyisa.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kokubhuka zibandakanya umbono obonakalayo, ukukhathala, ukushintshashintsha kombono, ukulukhuni ukufunda noma ukubona izinto eziseduze, ikhanda, ukukhwabanisa nokuwela amehlo emehlweni ezinganeni.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu, xhumana nodokotela wakho we-eye ukuze uhlole ngokugcwele. Ezinganeni, ungaxhomeki ekuhloleni kwezingane noma esikoleni. Ngenkathi izingane zakuhlengikazi kanye nabahlengikazi besikole benza umsebenzi omuhle wokuhlolisisa impilo yonke yombono kanye nombono, izinkinga ezithile zombono ngeke zitholwe ngombono wokuhlola. Eqinisweni, ngisho noma ufunda 20/20, akusho ukuthi awudingi amalensi okulungisa. Nakuba kubonakala kunzima ukubuyisela imali, izingane ezibheke phambili zizofunda u-20/20 eshadini lesamehlo futhi zinezinkinga ezinkulu zemibono ezingenakulungiswa.
Umthombo:
I-ISRS / AAO. I-American Academy of Ophthalmology, 2009. Kufinyelelekile: Ngo-Ephreli 2009.