Umthetho Wama-Immune Cell Act njengoba Abaphenduli Bokuqala Ku-Infection
I-neutrophils, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-neurocytes, iyilungu legazi elimhlophe elingaphakathi kwesistimu yethu yomzimba. Njengengxenye yokuzivikela kwe-immune yethu, ama-neutrophils enza njengabaphenduli bezintambo zokuqala ukutheleleka, ukuhlasela amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, nezinye izifo eziphilayo.
Ama-neutrophils angabuye abizwe ngokuthi ama-phagocytes ( phago- okusho ukudla futhi -washo ukuthi iseli) njengoba zivikela umzimba ngokufaka izilwane ezihlasela.
Zikhiqizwa emnothweni we- bone kanye ne-akhawunti ngamaphesenti angama-50 kuya ku-70 wamangqamuzana akho amhlophe egazi.
Yiziphi Neutrophils Ezenzayo
Njengomzimba omzimba wokuzivikela, i-neutrophils inomkhuhlane ophezulu (okusho amandla okuhamba ngokuzenzekelayo) futhi iyakwazi ukuzungeza i-agent ephethe ukubulala. Ngaphezu kokufaka i-pathogen, ama-neutrophils angakhipha izinto ze-cytotoxic (ukubulawa kwamaseli) ezivimbela ngqo imvelo.
Ama-neutrophils akwazi ukuthola imfuyo yabo ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-chemotaxis lapho beqaphela amakhemikhali akhishwe ukusika noma ukugxeka futhi ahambele kulowo "phunga" ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Lokhu akufani nomzimba wesibili wokuguqula umzimba oveza amangqamuzana afanele ukubulala leyo pathogen kanye ne-pathogen eyedwa. Ukuzivikela okungenasifo, ngokuphambene, kubulala okungenasici, ukuhlasela noma yini "engekho" iphutha.
Ama-neutrophils ayaphendula ngokutheleleka kokubili emzimbeni nasemkhatsini wesikhumba.
I-Pus , enye yama-products okutheleleka kwesikhumba, ngokuyinhloko iqukethe i-neutrophil efile, amabhaktheriya namaseli esikhumba.
Yiziphi Izibalo Ze-Neutrophil Ezitshelayo
Ama-neutrophils abalwa njengengxenye yokuhlolwa okuphelele kwegazi (CBC) . Olunye uhlolo, olubizwa ngokuthi i- WBC umahluko , lubonisa iphesenti yelinye uhlobo lwamaseli amhlophe egazi esimeni segazi, kuhlanganise neutrophils, i-lymphocytes, i-monocytes, i-basophils, ne-eosinophils.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, inani le- neutrophil eliphelele (i-ANC) lisitshela ukuthi mangaki alawa maseli asegazini elinezigaba "ezivamile" eziphakathi kuka-1800 no-7800 amaseli nge-microliter (mL) ngayinye.
Ukubalwa kwe-neutrophile ephakeme, eyaziwa nge- neutrophilia , kungabangelwa yikuphi ukutheleleka, ukuhlukunyezwa, noma ukuvuvukala okuvutha isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. I-neutrophilia ivame ukufakwa kwesisu, ukushisa okukhulu, izinhlobo ezithile ze-leukemia, nanoma yisiphi isimo esibangela ukuvuvukala okunzima (njengokuhlasela kwenhliziyo).
Ngokuphambene, inani eliphansi, elibizwa ngokuthi i- neutropenia , lingabangelwa yi- sepsis , chemotherapy, ukwelashwa kwemisebe, kanye nokukhathazeka okuthile okuzenzakalelayo. Kwamanye abantu, i-neutropenia ingaba yindabuko (eqhubekayo futhi ephikelela) ngenkathi ezinye zizophela (ngokuvamile ziphendula ngesifo noma ukutholakala kwezidakamizwa).
Ukuqapha i-Neutrophils ku-Cancer Treatment
Ngesikhathi ukwelashwa komdlavuza , ukubalwa kwe-neutrophil ngokuphelele kuhlolwe njalo ukuze kunqume ukuthi amasosha omzimba asabela kanjani ekucindezelweni kwemisebe noma i-chemotherapy. I-Neutropenia ivame kakhulu kulezi zimo futhi ingafakwa ngokuthi:
- I-neutropenia elincane (i-ANC ngaphansi kuka-1500 cells / mL) ephethe ingozi encane yokutheleleka.
- I-neutropenia ephakathi (i-ANC phakathi kuka-1000 no-500 amaseli / mL) okufaka ingozi elinganiselwe yokutheleleka.
- I-neutropenia enamandla (i-ANC ngaphansi kwama-cell cells / mL) okufaka ingozi enkulu yokutheleleka.
Uma i-ANC yehla ngaphansi kwamangqamuzana angaba ngu-500 / mL, udokotela wakho uzobe ebeka imithi yokwenza ngcono amazinga we-neutrophil futhi anganikeza inkambo yama-antibiotics ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okukhulu.
> Umthombo:
> Abathengisi, L .; I-Hiemstra, I .; Kuijsper, T .; et al. "I-Neurophils emdlavuza." Immunol Rev. 2016; 3273 (1): 312-28.