I-lymphocytes yakho ibaluleke kakhulu. Nakhu ukuthi bakuvikela kanjani
I-lymphocyte iyingqamuzana elincane legazi elimhlophe elidlala indima enkulu ekuvikeleni umzimba wakho ezifweni.
Ama-lymphocyte alwa nokutheleleka ngokukhiqiza ama-antibodies, amakhemikhali ayasiza ukuma bese esusa abahlaseli bezinye izizwe njengama-bacteria, ama-virus, isikhunta, ama-parasites namakhemikhali anobuthi. Ama-lymphocyte abulala amangqamuzana emzimbeni wakho one-pathogen, futhi akhiphe amakhemikhali ukuxwayisa amanye amaseli wengozi.
Nakuba kunobunye ubufakazi bokuthi uhlobo olulodwa lwe-lymphocytes lungase luhlasele futhi lubhubhise i-agent esebenzayo ngokuqondile, ngoba ingxenye enkulu ye-lymphocytes ishiya leyo misebenzi kwezinye izinhlobo zamangqamuzana egazi omhlophe, kuhlanganise nama-phagocytes. (I-Phagocytes isebenza empeleni ngokugwinya nokuxosha abahlaseli ukuthi umzimba wakho ubheka njengokusongela, njengebhaktheriya nezinhlayiyana ezincane.)
Ama-lymphocytes, okwamanje, azungeze umzimba wakho ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-lymphatic, oluyingxenye yesistimu yokujikeleza. Izitsha ze-lymph zithwala uketshezi olucacile, kufaka phakathi i-lymphocytes namanye amangqamuzana egazi omhlophe, kuwo wonke umzimba wakho ukulwa nokutheleleka.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-lymphocytes: T cells namaseli B. Ngamunye unendima ethile okumele uyidlale empilweni yakho. Funda ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nabo.
Yiziphi T cell Lymphocytes?
Umsebenzi we-cell lymphocytes ukuhlola nokusingatha amaseli akho ukutheleleka kanye nobungozi bokutheleleka. Uma i-lymphocyte ifaka iseli elitheleleke ngamagciwane noma igciwane, i-lymphocyte izoqhubeka ibulala iseli (futhi empeleni izoyikhumbula i-agent esebenzayo, ngakho-ke ingasheshe isenze isikhathi esizayo lapho ihlangana nenkinga efanayo).
Lezi zitho ze-T cell zibulala namangqamuzana omdlavuza, yingakho indlela eyodwa yokuthembisa ukwelashwa komdlavuza ihilela ukuzihlukanisa, ukwandisa bese usebenzisa ama-T cell wesiguli ukulwa nomdlavuza othize. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunobunye ubufakazi bokuthi i-T cell lymphocytes nayo ingakuvikela kuma-bacteria ngokubamba nokubulala amabhaktheriya.
I "T" e-T cell isho i-thymus, isikhumba esincane esifubeni sakho lapho amangqamuzana e-T aya khona ukuvuthwa ngemuva kokuthi akhiqizwe umnyoba wakho, futhi ngaphambi kokuthi athunyelwe ukuyohlola umzimba wakho.
Yiziphi B-Cell Lymphocytes?
Ama-cell lymphocytes awahlaseli abulale amaseli, amagciwane noma amabhaktheriya ngokwawo. Esikhundleni salokho, bakhiqiza amaprotheni okuthiwa ama-antibodies abambelele empilweni yabahlaseli, ekhubaza labo bahlaseli futhi abakhanyise ukuze bahlanze ezinye izingxenye zesistimu yakho yomzimba.
Nakuba i-cell ngayinye e-B ikhiqiza kuphela i-antibody eyodwa, inani elikhulu lomzimba wakho wezinhlamvu ze-B liqoqa ndawonye inani elingenakubalwa labangenayo futhi likhiqize izinhlobo eziningi zamagciwane okulwa nawo.
Njenga-T cell lymphocytes, i-B cell lymphocytes nayo yenziwa emnothweni wakho. Bavuthiwe esitezini sakho.
Yini Engayiphutha Ngama-Lymphocyte?
Ama-lymphocytes awaziphathe ngaso sonke isikhathi okuhle kwakho.
Ngesifo esizimele , isibonelo, i-T cell lymphocytes ihlasela ngokungalungi izicubu zakho, iphutha amaseli akho kwabahlaseli bezinye izizwe. Isifo se-Celiac , isibonelo, kuhilela ukuhlaselwa okuzenzakalelayo emgqeni wesisu sakho esincane. Ososayensi abaqiniseki ukuthi yini eyenza ama-T asebenze lokhu.
Ungakwazi futhi ukuhlakulela umdlavuza ohlasela ngqo i-lymphocytes yakho. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lubizwa ngokuthi isifo sikaHodgkin noma i-non-Hodgkin lymphoma . Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezihlukahlukene zesifo se-Hodgkin kanye ne-non-Hodgkin lymphoma, kanti uhlobo olunalo luhlotshaniswa uhlobo lwe-lymphocytes ehilelekile. Isifo sikaHodgkin sithinta kuphela i-cell lymphocytes B, isibonelo, kanti i-non-Hodgkin lymphoma ingabandakanya i-B cell noma i-T cell lymphocytes.
Imithombo:
I-Cruz-Adalia A et al. Amangqamuzana e-T abulala amabhaktheriya athunjwe ukuguqulwa kwamangqamuzana avela kumaseli e-dendritic nokuvikelwa kokuzibophezela kwamagundane. I-Host Host & Microbe . 2014 Meyi 14; 15 (5): 611-22.
Sharpe M et al. Amathambo e-Genetically modified in therapy of cancer: amathuba nezinselelo. Izifo Nezifo Nezifo . 2015 Ngo-Apr; 8 (4): 337-50.
I-US Library Yezokwelapha. Iphepha leshidi le-Lymphocytes. Ifinyelele ngo-Jan. 16, 2016.