I-Diverticulitis yisifo esivamile sokugaya lapho izinkukhu ezincane ezingavamile ezitholakala emgodleni wokugaya zivutha noma zitheleleke. Nakuba ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ukudla okuncane okubambisene ne-fiber kubangelwa yi-disorder, abakwazi ngokuphelele ukuthi yiziphi izindlela ezibangela ukubunjwa kwamapayipi (okuthiwa i-diverticula) nokuthi kungani izimpawu zikhula kwabanye abantu hhayi kwabanye.
Phakathi kwezici eziyinhloko ezingozini, iminyaka yobudala, ukukhuluphala, nokubhema kuyaziwa ukuthi kunomthelela ekukhuphukeni kanye / noma ubunzima bezimpawu ze-diverticulitis.
Izimbangela ezivamile
I-Diverticulosis -ukuphi ukucindezela okuqhubekayo ekoloni kucindezela imisipha yayo, okwenza izindawo ezibuthakathaka zikhuphuke futhi zenze izikhumba ezibizwa ngokuthi i-diverticula-iyisandulela se-diverticulitis. Ngokuvamile lokhu akusho izimpawu futhi akuyona inkinga. I-Diverticulitis ifika lapho lezo zikhumba zivutha noma zitheleleke, okuyinto eyenza ubuhlungu.
Ama-pocket emathunjini akwazi ukunikeza amabhaktheriya indawo yokudlula. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ukuvuvukala kwezinga eliphansi kungavumela ama-microorganisms ama-fecal ukuthi angenele amathishu asevele ayekhohlisiwe. Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zamantenteric (lezo ezinamathele emathunjini odongeni lwesisu), okungaholela ekuthuthukiseni i-abscess noma imathunjwa yezinhlungu.
Ngokusho kocwaningo olwanyatheliswa encwadini ethi Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology , phakathi kwamaphesenti ayishumi namaphesenti angu-25 we-flaticulitis flares kungase kubangelwe ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya.
Kuye kwaphakanyiswa ukuthi ukungalingani kwemifino ye- bacteria kwakubangelwa imbangela ye-diverticulitis, izinga eliphakeme kakhulu le- Escherichia ne- Clostridium coccoides bacteria. Okwengeziwe ucwaningo kuze kube yimanje, noma kunjalo, alusekeli leli cwaningo.
Nakuba ukudla okuphansi kwe-fibre sekuye kwacatshangelwa ukuthi iyimbangela eyinhloko yokuphambana, ubufakazi obusekela le ncazelo buhlala buphikisana futhi buphikisana.
Kodwa-ke, akusobala ukuthi ukudla kudlala indima ebalulekile engozini yomqondo we-diverticulosis kanye ne-diverticulitis (ngaphezulu ngalokhu ngezansi).
I-Genetics
Izakhi zofuzo nazo zibonakala zidlala indima ebalulekile ezifweni ezihlukahlukene. Lokhu kusekelwa yingxenye yocwaningo oluqhutshwa eSweden, olubonisa ukuthi ingozi yokudlula i-diverticulitis ingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili uma unamawele angamazwe ahlukene nge-diverticulitis. Uma amawele akho efana, uzoba nengozi ngokukhuphuka ngokuphindwe kasikhombisa uma kuqhathaniswa nomphakathi jikelele, ngokusho kwabacwaningi.
Konke okukhulunywe ngakho, cishe amaphesenti angama-40 azo zonke izimo zokuhlukumezeka zikholelwa ukuthi zithonywa ubufebe (nakuba lezi zinguquko eziqondile zalokho okwamanje zingakabonakali).
Ukudla
I-hypothesis yokuthi ukudla okuncane-okuyi-fiber okuyisisekelo ekuthuthukiseni izifo ezihlukahlukeneko akusikho ngaphandle kwesabelo sayo sobufakazi obunamandla.
Iningi lososayensi liyavuma ukuthi ukwakheka kwamapayipi kuncike kakhulu ekucindezelekeni okuqhubekayo ngaphakathi kolononi, futhi okuyisihluthulelo kulokho ukuqothulwa -isimo esihlobene ngokungahambi kahle kwe-fiber. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izitshalo ziba nzima ukudlula futhi zibangele ukuvinjelwa okungavamile kwamathisini emathumbu, ikakhulukazi emgqonyeni we- sigmoid (isigaba esiseduze ne-rectum lapho kuqhutshwa khona i-diverticula).
Ingemuva
Ngokombono womlando, izifo ze-diverticular zaqala ukutholakala e-United States ekuqaleni kwawo-1900. Lokhu kuhambisane nesikhathi esifanayo lapho ukudla okucutshungulwa kuqala kuqaliswa ekudleni kwaseMelika, kushintshe ukudla kwethu emifubeni enamafutha, aphezulu e-fiber, kufulawa olicwengile, ophansi kwefiber.
Namuhla, ukudla okubomvu kokudla okubomvu, amafutha ase-hydrogenated, kanye nokudla okusetshenziselwayo kuye kwadala isifo esiyinkinga yezifo ezihlukahlukene emazweni asathuthuka njenge-United States, eNgilandi nase-Australia, lapho izinga le-diverticulosis lihamba ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-50.
Ngokuphambene, izifo ze-diverticular azivamile kwi-Asia nase-Afrika, lapho abantu bevame ukudla khona inyama encane ebomvu kanye nemifino egcwele i-fiber, izithelo, kanye nezinhlamvu ezigcwele. Ngenxa yalokho, isilinganiso se-diverticulosis kulezi zifunda singaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-0.5.
Ngo-1971, odokotela abahlinzayo uDenis Burkitt noNeil Painter bahlongozwa ukuthi "ukudla okuphansi" okweshukela kanye ne-fiber ephansi kubangele ukuphakama kwe-diverticulitis emazweni aseNtshona. Kwakuyimfundiso eyayizophela ekuqondiseni inkambo yokwelashwa iminyaka engama-40 elandelayo, odokotela njalo bebeka ukudla okuphezulu-fiber njengesisekelo esiyinhloko sokwelashwa nokuvimbela.
Namuhla, nokho, kukhona ukungabaza okuqhubekayo nokudideka ngokuqondene nendawo eqondile yokudla i-fiber yokudla edlala nge-diverticulitis.
Ubufakazi obuphikisanayo
Ngo-2012, abacwaningi abane-University of North Carolina School of Medicine babike ukuthi, phakathi kweziguli ezingu-2,104 ezihlolwe yi- colonoscopy , ukutholakala kwe-fiber high kanye nokunyakaza kwamathumbu njalo kwandisa ingozi ye-diverticulosis, inselele inkolelo ehlala isikhathi eside yokuthi i-fiber ephansi yiyona i-trigger eyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubuningi bobufakazi bubonisa ukuthi ukudla okuphezulu-fiber kungavimbela ezinye zezinkinga ezimbi kakhulu ze-diverticulitis. Ucwaningo lwe-2012 oluvela e-Oxford University, oluhlaziya ngokucophelela amarekhodi ezempilo abangaphezu kuka-15 000 abadala asebekhulile, kubika ukuthi ukudla okuphezulu kwe-fiber kwahlanganiswa nokunciphisa amaphesenti angu-41 kwinani lezibhedlela kanye nokufa kusuka ekuguleni okuhlukahlukene.
Ngenkathi uphenyo oluphikisanayo lungenzi lutho lokunciphisa izinzuzo zokudla okuphezulu, kuphakamisa ukuthi ukudla akusebenzi kangcono ekuvimbeleni ukuqala kwezifo ezihlukahlukene futhi kuphumelele ngokwengeziwe ekugwemeni izinkinga zesikhathi eside.
Ezinye izimbangela zeengozi
Ubudala budlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni i-diverticula, okungaphezu kwesigamu samacala abonakala kubantu abangaphezu kuka-60. Nakuba i-diverticulosis engavamile kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-40, ingozi ingase ikhuphuke ngokunyuka kubantu abadala. Ngeminyaka engu-80 ubudala, phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-50 namaphesenti angu-60 abantu abadala bazobe bahlakulele i-diverticulosis. Kulabo, abaningi abayisishiyagalombili kuzoba ne-diverticulitis.
Ukweqa ngokweqile nakho kuyingozi enkulu. Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2009 oluvela eNyuvesi yaseWashington School of Medicine, olwalandela amarekhodi ezempilo angaphezu kuka-47,000 amadoda esikhathini esiyiminyaka engu-18, waphetha ngokuthi ukukhuluphala-okuchazwe njengengxenyana yomzimba (BMI) engaphezu kuka-30-kwaphindwe kabili ingozi ye-diverticulitis futhi kathathu ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi ngokufana nabantu abane BMI ngaphansi kuka-21.
U-Sm oking , mhlawumbe akumangalisi, ukukhathazeka, futhi. Umkhuba waziwa ukuthi unomthelela ekuvimbeni okungakwandisa ingozi yezinkinga zezempilo, futhi kungabangela ukuxilongwa ngokugqugquzela ukuvuvukala okudambisa amathishu asevele ahlaselwe, okwandisa ingozi yezinambuzane, i-fistula, kanye ne-perforation emathunjini. Ingozi ibonakala iyinkulu kubantu ababhema ugwayi ngaphezulu kuka-10 ngosuku, ngokusho kocwaningo oluvela e-Imperial College London.
Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) ibuye ihlobene eduze ne-diverticulitis nokuphuma kwegazi. Ngenkathi i-aspirin ibilokhu ibhekwa njengomsolwa oyinhloko, sekuye kwaboniswa ukuthi wonke ama-NSAID anakho okufanayo okulimaza. Zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezinjalo ezidumile, ngaphezulu kwe-counter njenge-Aleve (naproxen) ne-Advil (ibuprofen).
Ngokuphambene, i-corticosteroids yomlomo kanye ne-opiate analgesics cishe ingabangela ukuhlukaniswa kwe-perticated, ukuphindaphinda kabili nokuphindela kabili ingozi ngokulandelanayo. Ingozi ibonakala yanda ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
> Imithombo:
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> Crowe, F .; I-Appleby, i-P .; U-Allen, N. et al. "Ukudla kanye nengozi yezifo ezihlukahlukene e-Oxford iqembu lokuPhenywa kwe-European Prospective ku-Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): okuzofundwa ngabantu baseBrithani nabangewona imifino." BMJ. 2011; 343: d4131. I-DOI: 10.1136 / bmj.d4131.
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> Tursi, A. "Diverticulosis namuhla: ingenakuhleleka futhi isacwaningiwe." Ther Advances Gastroenterol. 2015; 9 (2): 213-28. I-DOI: 10/1177 / 1756283x1562128.