Izifo ezihlukahlukene ziyigama lesambulela elibhekisela esimweni lapho ukuphuma khona okubizwa ngokuthi i-diverticula kukhona odongeni le-colon, nanoma yiziphi izimpawu noma izinkinga ezingase zenzeke njengomphumela. Ukuba ne-diverticula, okuthiwa i-diverticulosis, ivame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-40, futhi kwenzeka ngaphezu kwengxenye bonke abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60.
Ezimweni eziningi i-diverticula ingabonakali izimpawu kepha embalwa amacala angaba nawo futhi abangela isimo esibizwa nge-diverticulitis. I-Diverticulitis ingabangela ubuhlungu besisu, umkhuhlane, nokuphuma kwamanzi. Izinkinga zingabandakanya ukuthuthukiswa kwe-abscess, fistula, blockages, noma colon perforation, kodwa lokhu akuvamile.
I-Diverticulitis isetshenziselwa ukucatshangwa ukuthi iyavamile, kodwa ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi lwenzeka ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-5 kuphela abantu abaye bahamba nge-colon yabo.
I-intestine enkulu ye-Anatomy
Ukuqonda isisu somathumbu omkhulu nesincane kungasiza lapho uxoxa nge-diverticulitis nodokotela. Amathumbu amakhulu ayilungu elihlanganisa ikholoni, i-rectum, kanye nomsele wamanzi. I-colon iqala ekupheleni komathumbu omncane , inamamitha angaba yisithupha ubude, futhi inezigaba ezine: ikholoni ekhuphukayo, ikolon ehambayo, i-colon ekhuphukayo, ne-sigmoid colon. I-rectum yilapho i-stool igcinwa kuze kube yilapho idluliselwa ku-anus njengento yokunyakaza .
Izimpawu
I-diverticula ngokuvamile ayibangeli noma yiziphi izimpawu. Yingakho abantu abaningi bengazi ukuthi banakho ngaphandle kokuba bathole ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy.
Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu kanye nomkhuhlane ungaqala lapho i-diverticula iqhuma (okuyinto i-diverticulitis). Izinkinga zingase zenzeke kwezinye izimo, ezingabangela ukuphuma kwegazi kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu.
Lezi zimpawu zingabonisa ukuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha (njengokutheleleka noma ukuvinjelwa kwesibindi) futhi ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kumele kutholakale ngokushesha. Igazi elisesitokisini alisoze livamile, noma ngabe lihlelile ngaphambili, njalo liyisizathu sokubona udokotela.
Izimbangela
Akuqondakali kahle ukuthi kungani i-diverticula ikhula, nakuba kunezinkolelo ezithile. Njengoba abantu bebudala, udonga lwamakoloni lungase luhlakulele amaphuzu abuthakathaka, okwenza ukuthungulwa kwemvelo kwenziwe, okuyizinto ezihlukahlukeneyo. I-diverticula ivela kaningi emgqonyeni we-sigmoid, okuyingxenye yokugcina ye-colon futhi ifakwe emgqeni.
Esikhathini esidlule, inkolelo yokusebenza yayiwukuthi ukuntuleka kwe-fibre yokudla kwakuyinhloko enkulu ekuthuthukiseni izifo ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, manje sekucatshangwa ukuthi izifo ze-diverticular zingase zihlangene kakhulu nezakhi zofuzo, nakuba lokhu kungakacaciswanga kahle. Enye inkolelo ukuthi ukucindezela okukhulu ngaphakathi kolononi kungabangela ukuba ama-bulges akha.
I-Diverticulitis (okuyinto isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-diverticula ibangele izimpawu) ingaba yisiphumo se-buildup noma amabhaktheriya angenampilo ku-diverticula. Okwamanje akucatshangwa ukuthi kunendlela yokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-diverticula noma i-diverticulitis.
Kodwa-ke, kucatshangwa ukuthi kunezici ezithile ezingase zibe nomthelela ekuhlukaniseni izici:
- Ukuphazanyiswa ezingeni lama-bacterium enempilo ekoloni
- Indlela yokuphila yangasese
- Ukuba ngokweqile
- Ukubhema
- Ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)
- Ukuthatha imithi ye-steroid
Ukuxilongwa
Ezimweni eziningi, i-diverticula ayibangeli izimpawu futhi ngeke itholakale futhi ihlolwe. Nakuba i-diverticula ingase itholakale okokuqala ngenkathi i- colonoscopy yokuhlolisisa imdlavuza yombala (okunconywa ngeminyaka engu-50 kubantu abadala abanempilo abangenazo ezinye izici ezingozini).
Uma kunezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu noma ukuphuma kwegazi, i- gastroenterologist ingase inqume ukubona ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi kolononi ngokwenza ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu, okungabandakanya ikholonoscopy noma ukuskena kwe- computed tomography (CT) .
I-colonoscopy iyilingo lapho i-tube enekhamera nokukhanya ekupheleni kufakwa ngaphakathi kwe-anus ukuze ubone ngaphakathi kwekoloni. Ukuskena kwe-CT kuyinhlobo ye-x-ray engeyona engavamile futhi inganikezwa noma ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwedayi ehlukile , evame ukunikezwa ngomlomo nange-IV ukuze ubone kangcono ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi komzimba.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa akudingeki ukuze kube nokuhlukahluka okungahambisani nezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, udokotela angase ancoma ukudla okuphezulu kokufayibha okufaka izithelo nemifino eningi. Ukuze uthole i-diverticulitis, ukwelashwa kunama- antibiotic , okuyizinkinga eziningi ezingathathwa ekhaya, kodwa kwezinye izimo zinikezwa ngaphakathi esibhedlela. Uma kunezinkinga, njenge- abscess , i- fistula , i- stricture , i-blockage, noma i- perforation (imbobo) ekoloni , ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingadingeka.
Ukuhlinzwa kungahle kusetshenziselwe ukwelapha inkinga noma uma i-diverticulitis iphindaphindiwe futhi / noma inenkinga yokuthi kungcono ukususa ingxenye yembilini echaphazelekayo. Ukwelashwa kungase kuhlanganise nomthengisi ukususa ingxenye ye-bowel noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-ostomy ( ileostomy noma i- colostomy ) lapho kudalwa khona i-stoma futhi iqoqo liqoqwe kusetshenziswa isisetshenziswa esiswini.
Izwi elivela
Abantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala, bane-diverticula emakoloni abo kodwa abanaso izimpawu. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini eyenza i-diverticula ivuke ishintshile eminyakeni yamuva. Kwakujwayele ukucatshangwa ukuthi abantu abane-diverticula kwakudingeka bagweme ukudla okufana nembewu, amantongomane, kanye ne-popcorn, ngoba lezozinto zokudla zingakwazi "ukunamathela" kwelinye lamapayipi.
Akasacingi ukuthi abantu badinga ukuguqula ukudla kwabo uma beba ne-diverticula. Wonke umuntu ophethe izifo ezihlukahlukene uzodinga ukunquma ukudla okwenza kahle kakhulu ukuthi bagweme izimpawu.
Ngamaphesenti amancane abantu abane-diverticula abahlakulela i-diverticulitis, ukwelashwa kuvamise ngama-antibiotiki omlomo, kodwa uma kunezibonakaliso ezinzima, kungase kudingeke ukuthi izibhedlela zidingeke. Isifo esibucayi noma izinkinga zingadinga ukuhlinzwa, kodwa lokhu akuvamile. Iningi labantu lizophola kahle ngokulawulwa kokuziphendulela kwe-diverticulitis (okubandakanya ukuphumula kwamathumbu kanye nama-antibiotic) futhi ukubikezelwa kuhle.
Ukudla ukudla okulinganisela kahle nge-fiber eyanele nokwenza umsebenzi womzimba kungukushintsha kwezinto zokuphila ezingasiza abantu abanesifo esibucayi ukugwema izinkinga ezivela esimweni.
> Imithombo:
> Loffeld RJ. "Ukulandelelwa isikhathi eside nokuthuthukiswa kokuhlukahluka kweziguli ezitholakale zine-diverticulosis ye-colon." I-Int J Colorectal Dis. 2016 Jan; 31: 15-17. i-doi: 10.1007 / s00384-015-2397-2391
> Peery AF, Keku TO, uMartin CF, et al. "Ukusabalalisa kanye nezici ze-colonic diverticula kubantu base-United States bokuhlola." I-Gastroenterology Clinic ne-Hepatology. 2016; 7: 980-985.
> Shahedi K, Fuller G, Bolus R, et al. "Ingozi yesikhathi esigcwele ye-diverticulitis eyingozi phakathi kweziguli ezine-diverticulosis engafanele etholakala ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy." I-Gastroenterology Clinic ne-Hepatology . 2013; 11 (12): 1609-1613. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.cgh.2013.06.020.
> Amasu LL, Liu YL, Aldoori WH, Giovannucci EL. "Ukusebenza ngokomzimba kunciphisa izinkinga ezihlukahlukene." Am J Gastroenterol, 2009 Meyi; 104 (5): 1221-30. Ini: 10.1038 / ajg.2009.121.
> Amasu LL, Liu YL, Huang ES, Giovannucci EL, Chan AT. "Ukusebenzisa i-aspirin noma izidakamizwa ezingavimba ukuvuvukala kwandisa ingozi yokuphazamiseka kwegazi kanye nokuphuma kwegazi." I- Gastroenterology ngo-Meyi 2011. 140: 1427-1433.