Izibonakaliso nezimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-chlamydia zingabuka ekukhusheni kwesisu noma kwe-penile kuya ebuhlungu obukhulu besisu kanye / noma ubuhlungu besisu. Ngokuvamile, ukukhathazeka kwenzeka ngesikhathi socansi noma ukuvuthwa. Kodwa kaningi kakhulu akukho izimpawu zokuxwayisa ukuxwayisa abantu ekuxilongweni. Njengoba i-chlamydia isengabangela ukulimala kanye nezinye izinkinga ngaphandle kwempawu, ukuhlola njalo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zinkinga zigwemekile.
Izimpawu Ezivamile
Iningi labantu abane-chlamydia bazizwa kahle. Amaphesenti angama-70 kuya kwangu-95 kwabesifazane namaphesenti angu-90 wamadoda, azikho izimpawu ezihlobene nokutheleleka. Ukuntuleka kwezimpawu, kodwa, akusho ukuthi ukutheleleka akuyona inkinga.
Uma i-chlamydia ibangela izimpawu zobulili, zivame ukuvela cishe amasonto amathathu emva kokuvezwa, kodwa amabhaktheriya angaba khona izinyanga noma iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba itholakale. Izimpawu zezinkinga ezinjengezifo ezivuthayo zesikhumba (PID) zingenzeka ngemuva kwesikhathi ngemuva kokuvezwa.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-chlamydia zihlanganisa:
- Ukukhishwa kwamagciwane / ukuphuma kwe-penile: Uphawu oluvame kakhulu lwe-chlamydia kulaba besifazane ukuphuma komzimba . Ukukhishwa ngokuvamile kuvamile umbala, kodwa kokubili ukuhambisana nombala kungashintsha. Amadoda angase akhiphe e-penis yawo evame ukucaca futhi emincane, kodwa ingaba mnandi futhi i-mucousy.
- Ubuhlungu ngokuvuthwa: Bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane bangase babone ubuhlungu ngokuchama (i-dysuria) ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwe-urethra (urethritis), i-tube eholela esitesheni kuya ngaphandle komzimba. Imvamisa ye-Urinary (okumele iguqe kaningi) ingase ivele futhi.
- Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukushaywa kwe-penis noma i-vulva: Ubomvu, ububele, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuchithwa kungase kwenzeke ngokuzungeze ukuvula ipeni kumadoda noma ku-vulva noma ku-vagina kubesifazane.
- Ubuhlungu ngezocansi / u-ejaculation obuhlungu: Umlomo wesibeletho yisayithi lokutheleleka ngamaphesenti angu-75 kuya ku-80 amacala we-chlamydia kubesifazane. Lokhu kungabangela ukungathandeki kocansi (dyspareunia), ikakhulukazi ukungena okujulile. Ubuhlungu bungase kube khona ngenxa yokuvuvukala emathangeni we-fallopian (PID). Amadoda angabhala ubuhlungu nge-ejaculation.
- Ukweqa phakathi kwezikhathi noma ukulala : Ukuvuvukala okuhlobene ne-Chlamydia yomlomo wesibeletho kungabangela lokhu.
- Ubuhlungu besisu nesisu: Ubuhlungu esiswini, i-pelvis, nangemuva kungase kwenzeke ngesifo sokuvuvukala esiswini.
- Ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala ku-testes: Ubuhlungu bebufakazi nokuvuvukala kungenzeka uma i-chlamydia ihamba nge-urethra emadodeni nase-epididymis; i-epididymitis ingaholela .
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukukhipha noma ukuphuma kwegazi: Ukutheleleka kwe-rectum ne-chlamydia ngenxa yokudluliswa kwegciwane ngesikhathi sesandulela ngculazi esitholile kungabangela ubuhlungu, ukukhipha, ukuvuza, nokuphuma.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile
Izimpawu ezingavamile zingabandakanya:
- Umphimbo obuhlungu: Ukudluliselwa kwama-bacteria ngesikhathi socansi ngomlomo kungabangela isisu somzimba, i-exudate (pus) emathangeni, nobuhlungu ngokugwinya.
- Ubuhlungu obungaphezulu kwesisu esiswini (perihepatitis): I- Perihepatitis yinkinga lapho i-capsule yesibindi iba khona. Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome, ibangela ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla yesisu esiswini.
- Ubuhlungu obuhlangene (i-arthritis esebenzayo): Izimpawu zokuvuvukala ngamajoyini ambalwa nje (i-oligoarthritis) kuhlangene nokuvuvukala kwamehlo kanye ne-urethra kungenzeka. Le arthritis esebenzayo, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Reiter's syndrome, ayibangelwa ukutheleleka. Esikhundleni salokho, kubangelwa inqubo yokuthungatha lapho umzimba wenza amasosha omzimba ngokumelene nezicubu zawo (isifo esizimele). Kuvame ukuvela amasonto amathathu kuya kwamasonto ayisithupha emva kokuvezwa kwamabhaktheriya bese kuxazulula izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha. Kungenzeka noma kungabi ngcono nge-antibiotics.
Izinkinga
Izinkinga zokutheleleka kwe-chlamydia yizinto ezizesaba kakhulu futhi ezimbi kakhulu kuzo. Futhi, lezi zinkinga zingenzeka kubantu abangakaze babe nezimpawu. Ngenhlanhla, izinkinga ezinjalo zivinjelwa ikakhulukazi ngokuhlola njalo nokuphulukiswa ngokushesha.
Izifo Ezivuthayo Ze-pelvic (PID)
I-Chlamydia ingabangela ubuhlungu besisu kanye / noma ubuhlungu besisu phakathi kwabesifazane lapho ibhaktheriya ihamba isuka emlonyeni wesibeletho kanye nesibindi kanye nama-tubespian tubes kanye nama-ovaries, okubangela izifo ezivuvukala ezithombeni (PID). Amaphesenti angama-10 kuya kwabangu-15 amaphesenti abesifazane abano-chlamydia abangaphenduli bazoqhubeka nokuthuthukisa lolu daba.
I-PID ingaba yinkimbinkimbi, ibangele izimpawu ezibalulekile, noma i-subacute (subclinical), ibe nezimpawu ezimbalwa noma ezingekho.
Izimpawu zesifo sokuvuvukala kwe-pelvic zingase zibandakanye ubuhlungu besisu nesisu, i-gnawing evamile yokuhlunguphaza emuva, futhi ngezinye izikhathi imfiva noma izikhukhula. Uma kuhlolwa, owesifazane uzozwa kabi lapho udokotela ephethe isiguli sakhe somlomo wesibeletho. Angase azwe ubuhlungu phezu kwesisu sakhe esiswini noma zombili zesisu sakhe (ubuhlungu be-adnexal).
Ubuhlungu obungapheli be-pelvic
Izifo ezivuvukala ngama-pelvic zingaholela ekubuyeni okungapheli kwamaphilisi. Le nkinga iyinto evamile, eyenzeka cishe ngamaphesenti angu-30 abesifazane abene-PID ngenxa ye-chlamydia.
Ukungenzi lutho
Nge-PID, ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala kungabangela ukuhluleka kwezigubhu ze-fallopian. Lokhu kutholakala kungavimbela ukudlula kwesidoda emgodini we-fallopian, ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa futhi kubangele ukungasebenzi.
Kwabesifazane abahlakulela i-PID, cishe amaphesenti angu-20 azobhekana nokuphelelwa amandla. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzeka kungasusa ezinye zezinkinga, kodwa lokhu nakho kungandisa ingozi yenkinga elandelayo.
Ukukhulelwa kwe-Ectopic
Ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic noma ukukhulelwa kwe-tubal kuyimimo lapho izimbungu zifaka khona emathonjeni okulala ngaphandle kwesisu. Lapho ama-tubes okhohlakeleyo eboshiwe ngenxa ye-PID, iqanda elivundisiwe lingase libe "elinyathele" futhi lifakwe emgqonyeni wezintambo esikhundleni sokuya esibelethweni. Ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic kungaba yisimo esisongela ukuphila, ikakhulukazi uma siphuka ngaphambi kokuba sitholwe.
Ukwelashwa Kwesilisa Nezinhlungu Eziphuthumayo Zangapheli
Ayaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi i-epididymitis ngenxa ye-chlamydia iholela ekusenikeni kwamadoda. Ukulimala, noma kunjalo, kungabangela ubuhlungu obungapheli noma obuhlungu emadodeni.
Izinkinga zokukhulelwa
Abesifazane abanomdlavuza ongaphenduliwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa banengozini enkulu yokwehluleka kokukhulelwa eziningana. (Ukuhlolwa kwe-chlamydia kunconywa ekuvakasheni kokuqala kwe-OB kubo bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe).
Kunengozi eyengeziwe yokusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi (kanye nezinkinga ezihambisana nokulethwa kwesandulela ngculazi). Kukhona ingozi eyengeziwe yokwelashwa kwe-endometritis (ukuvuvukala kwesibeletho) ngemuva kokulethwa.
Amantombazane abelethwe omama abane-chlamydia engaphenduliwe kungenzeka ukuthi amancane kakhulu eminyaka yobudala noma abe nesisindo sokuzalwa esincane. Ngokudabukisayo, ingozi yokuzalwa kwesibindi (i-intrauterine ishonela) kubonakala sengathi iyingxenye engamaphesenti angu-40 ephakeme kunomama onama-chlamydia kunesilinganiso. Ngenhlanhla, izifundo zamuva zithole ukuthi lezi zinkinga azivamile uma owesifazane ephathwa ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Izinkinga ezisanda kuzalwa
Lapho abesifazane bengalaleli i-chlamydia, ingane ingenwa igciwane ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwesisu. Kunezinkinga ezimbili ezingenzeka:
- Ukutheleleka kweso: I- conjunctivitis (i-ophthalmia neonatorum) kucatshangwa ukuthi iyenzeka ngamaphesenti angu-18 kuya kuma-44 amaphesenti wezinsana ezalwa ngamanina ane-chlamydia engalashwa. Izimpawu, ezifana namajwabu amehlo avuvukile, amehlo abomvu, nokukhishwa okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingu-10 zokuphila.
- I-pneumonia: Lokhu okuncane kakhulu, okwenzeka ngamaphesenti angu-3 kuya kuma-16 amaphesenti wezinsana ezazalwa ngonina onama-chlamydia angaphathwa. I-pneumonia ngokuvamile ivela emasontweni amane kuya kwa-12 emva kokubeletha futhi ngokuvamile iqala ngokukhwehlela nokuxubana.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi uma umama aphathwa nge-chlamydia ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ingane kufanele iphephile kulezi zifo. Kwabesifazane abanengozini enkulu, ezinye izidakamizwa zincoma ukuthi kuphinde zihlolwe i-chlamydia ngesikhathi se-trimester yesithathu.
Ama-Rectal Scarring and Fissures
Ngokuvamile, ukuvuvukala kwe-rectum (proctitis) kungaholela ekunqandeni nasezinhlathini (i-fissure iyindlela engavamile ukusuka e-rectum kuya kwesinye isifunda somzimba noma ngaphandle komzimba).
Ingozi Ekhulayo Yomdlavuza Wesibeletho
Kube nokuphikisana ngokuthi ngabe i-chlamydia izifo zingase zande ingozi yomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho obangelwa i- papillomavirus yomuntu (i-HPV) . Ukubuyekezwa kuka-2016 kwezifundo ezingu-22 kuphakamisa ukuthi impendulo nguyebo nokuthi ukutheleleka ngokuhlanganyela ne-HPV ne-chlamydia cishe kabili ingozi yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza wesibeletho. Ezingu-11 zezifundo, i-chlamydia yayiyisandulela esizimele somdlavuza wesibeletho. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukuvuvukala kwezitho zomzimba ezithinta i-chlamydia kuthuthukisa izinguquko ezibangelwa umdlavuza ezibangelwa i-HPV.
Lokhu kusho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi, ngokujwayelekile, ukutheleleka kwe-HPV ngokuyinhloko kubangelwa ukuthuthukiswa komdlavuza wesibeletho, hhayi i-chlamydia.
Ingozi Ekhulayo ye-HIV
Ukutheleleka kwe-Chlamydia (kanye nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, izifo zocansi) zingase zandisa ingozi yokutheleleka noma yokudlulisela i-HIV . Izizathu zalokhu ziphindwe kabili:
Okokuqala, ukutheleleka kungabangela ukuvuvukala ngokobulili okungadambisa ubuqotho bezicubu zomzimba ezigcwala isisu, isifo sofuba, i-penis (urethra), ne-rectum. Lokhu kunikeza i-HIV umzila oqondile ngokwengeziwe ohlelweni lwegazi ne-lymphatic.
Okwesibili, i-chlamydia esebenzayo isifo singenza ukwandisa umsebenzi wegciwane lesandulela ngculazi emhlabeni wonke. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, umuntu angase abe nomthamo wegciwane elingenakutholakali ekuhlolweni kwegazi kodwa umthamo wegciwane otholakala emzimbeni noma ukuvinjelwa kwesifazane. Ucwaningo oluthile luye lwasikisela ukuthi ukutheleleka kwe-chlamydia kuye kwaphawulwa ngamaphesenti angu-15 amadoda alala nobulili namadoda (MSM) asanda kutholakala nge-HIV.
Lymphogranuloma Venereum
Ngokungafani nokutheleleka okuvamile ngokobulili, i- lymphogranuloma venereum (engavamile e-United States) ibangela uhlelo (umzimba wonke) izimpawu futhi ibangelwa uhlobo oluhlukile lwe-chlamydia.
Izimpawu ze-lymphogranuloma venereum zifana ne-syphilis futhi zivame ukuqala nge-bump kwi-genitalia (okungaba yisifo esivulekile) kuya kwesinye ukuya kwamasonto amabili emva kokuvezwa. Ama-lymph nodes nezikhumba ezinjenge-flu zilandela amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu kamuva. Izimpawu zihlanganisa:
- Ukwandiswa, amathrifu amathenda e-tender (node inguinal)
- I-Fever kanye nama-chills
- I-sore evulekile kwi-genitalia (isilonda sesisu) esiteshini lapho amabhaktheriya angena emzimbeni
- Ama-muscle aches
Izinkinga zingenzeka eminyakeni eminingi kamuva ngenxa yomonakalo ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic in the groin.
I-Trachoma
Njengoba imbangela ehamba phambili yobumpumputhe emhlabeni wonke, i-trachoma akuyona i-STI kodwa isetshenziswe ngokuyimfihlo kusukela emehlweni noma ekhaleni. Ukutheleleka kuvame ukuqala ngokubomvu kanye nesimo lapho i-eyelashes iphendukela khona bese iqala i-cornea.
Noma yiziphi izimpawu zeso emazweni omhlaba wesithathu kufanele zihlolwe ngokuphelele njengoba ukwelashwa okusheshayo kuyadingeka ukuze ugcine umbono. (I-Trachoma ibangelwa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze- Chlamydia trachomatis kunesifo sofuba).
Nini Ukubona Udokotela
Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho uma unezibonakaliso noma izimpawu ze-chlamydia (noma ezinye izimpawu ezikukhathazayo).
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi, abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-25 nangaphansi futhi abacansi kufanele bahlolwe njalo ngonyaka, njengoba kufanele abesifazane asebekhulile abanengozi yokutheleleka.
Ukuhlolwa kwamanye ama-STIs / STD kubalulekile futhi, njengoba izici ezingozini ze-chlamydia nazo zandisa amathuba okuthola lezi ezinye izifo. Uma uphathwa nge-chlamydia, qiniseka ukuthi utshele umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma kukhona izimpawu eziqhubekayo.
Kungaba nzima ukufunda ngezinkinga ezingase zibe khona ze-chlamydia, kodwa eziningi zazo zivinjelwa kakhulu ngokuhlola okufanelekile, ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu, nokuthola ukwelashwa uma ulungile.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. I-Chlamydia-CDC Ishidi Leqiniso. Kubuyekezwe ngo-10/04/17. https://www.cdc.gov/std/chlamydia/stdfact-chlamydia.htm
> Fode, M., Fusco, F., Lipshultz, L., noWeidner. Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi kanye nokungafanisi komuntu: Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile. I-European Urology Focus . 2016. 2 (4): 383-393.
> Olson-Chen, C., uBalaram, K. noDkt. Hackney. I-Chlamydia Trachomatis nemiphumela emibi yokukhulelwa: Ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo zeziguli ezinezifo ezingenalo ukutheleleka. I-Journal ye-Maternal and Child Health . 2018 Feb 7. (Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta).
> Reekie, J., Roberts, C., Preen, D. et al. I-Chlamydia Trachomatis kanye Nengozi Yokuzalwa Kwangaphambi Kokuzalwa, Amantombazane Azalwa Ncane Okwenziwe Ngama-Gestational Age, no-Stillbirth: Isifundo Sezinkokhelo Esibambisene Nabantu. Izifo ezithathelwanayo zeLancet . 2018 Jan 19. (Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta).
> Zhu, H., Shen, Z., Luo, H., Zhang, W., no-X. Zhu. I-Chlamydia Trachomatis Ingozi Ehlangene Nezifo Zomdlavuza Wesifo Sengculaza: I-Meta-Analysis. Imithi (Baltimore) . 2016. 95 (13): e3077.