I-Chlamydia yisifo socansi esithathelwana ngokocansi ngokuvamile esingaba nezimpawu. Naphezu kwalokhu, i-chlamydia ingabangela izinkinga ezingase ziholele ekutheni zingabonakali nokunye okukhathazayo. Ngeshwa, akukho ukuhlolwa kwekhaya ongayisebenzisa ukuyihlola, futhi izimpawu ze-chlamydia azibhekwa njengobungqina bokutheleleka. Ukuhlolwa nge-swab ye-urethral, i-swab yomlomo wesibeletho noma i-vagin, noma ukuhlolwa komchamo kungancuma ukuthi ngabe unesifo futhi ufuna ukwelashwa.
I-Self-Checks
Sibheka ukuhlola ukuhlola kuphela ukuthi kugcizelele ukuthi i-chlamydia ingatholakaliswa kuphela emtholampilo ngezivivinyo ezithile zebhu. Ungabheka izimpawu ze-chlamydia , futhi kuhle ukuba wazi. Kodwa kukhona ukunqwabelana okukhulu phakathi kwabo nalabo bezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
Futhi, khumbula ukuthi iningi labantu alikho izimpawu nge-chlamydia ukutheleleka. Amaphesenti amahlanu kuphela kuya kwamaphesenti angu-30 abesifazane kanye namaphesenti angu-10 amadoda azoba nezimpawu ngokutheleleka kwabo.
Ama-Labs nezivivinyo
Kunezivivinyo ezimbalwa ezingafani ezingenziwa ukuze zibheke ukuba khona kwe-chlamydia. Lokhu kungenziwa uma unayo izimpawu noma njengokuhlola okuvamile uma usebenza ngokocansi.
Izivivinyo ezivamile
Ukuhlolwa okuvame kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwe-nucleic acid ukukhulisa (i-NAATs). Lezi zingenziwa ku:
- Isibonelo se-Urine
- I-urethral swab (amadoda)
- I-swab endocervical (abesifazane)
- I-swab yama-vaginal (abesifazane)
Odokotela nemitholampilo bahluke kuzo izivivinyo abazikhethayo.
Kungenzeka ukuhlola i-chlamydia kumsampula wesisombululo. Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke odokotela abazimisele ukwenza izivivinyo zomchamo kubesifazane. Abaningi bezokwelapha bezempilo bakhetha ukusebenzisa amasampula omlomo wesibeletho, njengoba kuye kwacatshangwa ngomlando ukunikeza imiphumela enembile.
Lokho kusho ukuthi uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwe-chlamydia uma kudinga i-swab, cela ukuhlolwa komchamo.
Kungase kungabi njengokwethenjelwa njenge-swab, kodwa kuseyisivivinyo esihle kakhulu.
Qaphela ukuthi uhlu olungenhla lwezivivinyo alufaki i- Pap smear . Uma uke wahlola ukuhlolwa komzimba okwakamuva, okungenzeka ukuthi kwakuhilelekile kuleso sivivinyo njengendlela evamile, ungacabangi ukuthi uhlolwe i-chlamydia; i-Pap ayikwazi ukuthola amabhaktheriya ahlobene.
Ngokufanayo, uma uhlolwe ngesinye isifo / isifo socansi, ungacabangi ukuthi uhlolwe i-chlamydia. Akukhona kuphela ukuthi i-chlamydia idinga ukuhlolwa kwayo, kepha ukwelashwa kwamanye ama-STIs / STD akusebenzi ngokumelene ne-chlamydia.
Okufanele Ukulindele
Indlela odokotela abahlola ngayo i-chlamydia ihlukile kakhulu kwabesifazane namadoda. Lokhu kungenxa yezindawo lapho i-chlamydia ethinta khona ngokocansi ngalunye.
- Abesifazane: Umzimba wakho wezifo uzokwazi ukusebenzisa i-speculum ukubona umlomo wakho wesibeletho. Uyothola isampula emlonyeni wakho wesibeletho usebenzisa i-swab encane, eyothunyelwa ebhokisini.
Ngokuvamile, i-swab yesisu ingenziwa. Ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi ama-swabs angasese wesifazane abenza wona ngokwawo anembile (uma engekho ngaphezulu) kunalabo abasebenza ngabachwepheshe bezempilo. Lokho kusho, ezimweni eziningi, udokotela uzokuncoma ukuthi enze i-swab, ngabe i-endocervical noma igciwane.
Uma ukhetha ukuhlolwa komchamo, qiniseka ukuthi uzofika ehhovisi lakho lochwepheshe bezempilo nge isilazi esigcwele.
- Amadoda: Udokotela wakho uzokucela isampula yomchamo noma uqoqe isampula kusuka ngaphakathi kwekhanda lakho lokusebenzisa i-swab encane. Lesi sampuli sithunyelwa ebhodini lokuhlaziywa. Akubona bonke odokotela abahlola izicubu ze-chlamydia. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uzizwe ukhululekile ukubuza noma ukuthola umchamo we-chlamydia noma cha. Ungabuye ushayele udokotela wakho kusengaphambili ukuthi ubone ukuthi ukuhlolwa komchamo kuyatholakala yini.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Chlamydia kuyathuthukisa, futhi izivivinyo zivame ukubuya phakathi namahora ambalwa nje, okuvumela ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwezifo.
I-Swap Rectal ne-Oral
Ama-swabs angu-Rectal kanye nama-swabs omlomo angacatshangelwa nalabo abanesisindo socansi esitholile noma ubulili bomlomo obungavimbelwe .
Uchwepheshe wakho wezokwelapha angase aphethe ukukhetha ukukunikeza uvivinyo oluhlukile, kodwa kuhle ukuthi azi ngalomlando kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini.
I-swab ye-rectal noma ye-oral ayivunyelwe okwamanje ukuhlolwa, kodwa ucwaningo luveza ukuthi ukwenza lezi zivivinyo ze-extragenital kubalulekile. Isibonelo, isifundo se-2017 sathola ukuthi phakathi kwabesilisa abalala nobulili namadoda (MSM), amaphesenti angu-13 anesifo sokutheleleka kwe-chlamydia engama-rectal kodwa amaphesenti angu-3.4 kuphela ane-swab e-urethral. Kwabesifazane (endaweni yasezindaweni zasemadolobheni e-United States), amaphesenti angu-3.7 atholakale enesifo sofuba. Labo abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 babe nesifo esiphezulu se-infection extragenital.
Imihlahlandlela
Okwamanje kunconywa ukuthi abesifazane abasebenza ngokocansi baneminyaka engama-25 nangaphansi baphenywa ngonyaka chlamydia. Lokhu kungenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nonyaka we-Pap smear. Ukuhlola okuningi okuvamile kungase kuphakanyiswe kubasha.
Kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-25 , ukuhlolwa kwonyaka kufanele kwenziwe kulabo abasengozini enkulu, njengalabo abanomlingani omusha, obambisene nabo abaningi, noma ikakhulu uma bekhona nomuntu oye waba ne-STD.
Ukuhlolwa kutholakale ukuthi kuphumelela kakhulu futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yowesifazane othuthukisa isifo sokuvuvukala kwe- pelvic (PID ). Njengoba i-PID ingabangela ukungabi nabantwana, phakathi kwezinye izinkinga, lokhu kuyaphawuleka kakhulu.
Amadoda abe nobulili namadoda (MSM) kufanele ahlolwe okungenani minyaka yonke (amasayithi womzimba wesigcawu kanye nama-rectal of exposure). Kulabo abane-HIV noma abalingani abaningi, ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha. Ucwaningo lwango-2013 lwathola ukuthi ukubukwa njalo kwe-MSM kunganciphisa ingozi ye-chlamydia ne-HIV ngamaphesenti angu-15 namaphesenti angu-4, ngokulandelana. (I-Chlamydia yandisa ingozi yokutheleleka nge-HIV.)
Ngenkathi kungekhozincomo ezicacile zamadoda angqingili , ukuhlolwa kufanele kucatshangwe ngokujulile. Abesifazane abaphindwe kabili kunamadoda abhekwa ukuthi bane-chlamydia, cishe ngenxa yokungalingwa kwamadoda. Kuze kubekwe imikhombandlela, amadoda angaphandle kobudlelwane obude besikhathi eside kumele acele ukuhlolwa, mhlawumbe njalo ngonyaka, futhi njalo uma kudingeka.
Iyacela ukuhlolwa
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani odokotela behluleka ukuhlola ama-STD- futhi kungani kungadingeka uqale ingxoxo bese ucela ukuhlolwa ngokwakho. Ngisho nemikhombandlela yokuhlola endaweni, amacala amaningi awakhululwa futhi angatholakali.
Qinisekisa ukuthi ucela ukuhlolwa kwe-chlamydia, ikakhulukazi uma omunye wabalingani bakho ethola ukuthi unesifo se-STI / STD, noma uma usebenza ngokocansi ngaphandle kobudlelwane obude obuphakathi komunye nomunye.
Abaningi bayamahloni kulokhu kuhlolwa ngenxa yemizwa abazokwahlulelwa ngomlando wabo wesondo. Yazi ukuthi i-chlamydia ivame kakhulu futhi itholakala kubantu abavela kuzo zonke izici zokuphila. Kuthatha kuphela ukuhlangana kocansi olulodwa nomuntu oyedwa ophethe amabhaktheriya ukuthuthukisa ukutheleleka.
Uma ubuza umsebenzi wakho wezempilo ukuze uvivinye kunzima kuwe, cabangela amasu omunye wokuxoxisana nendaba . Futhi uma ucela futhi ungathandi impendulo oyitholayo, cabanga ngokuthola umqeqeshi omusha wezempilo.
Imiphumela nokulandelwa kokulandela
Uma unesivivinyo esihle, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nanoma yimuphi umlingani wezocansi owake wazenza ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule futhi uphakamisa ukuthi babone udokotela ukuhlolwa nokuphathwa.
Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlolwa kwebhu, kukhona okungenzeka amaphutha. Ngisho noma ukuzwela kokuhlolwa kwe-chlamydia kusetshenzisiwe namhlanje kuhle, bangase bangabikho izifo (kubangelwa amanga-amanga). Lokho kusho ukuthi uma uneminye izimpawu, kufanele ulandele udokotela wakho-noma ngabe unomphumela omubi.
Kukhona futhi ingozi encane yokuthola amanga amanga, lapho umuntu enesimo esihle sokuhlolwa kwe-chlamydia kepha empeleni akanalo ukutheleleka. Lokhu kunokukhathazeka okuncane ngokujwayelekile, njengoba abantu abaningi bebekezelela ukwelashwa kahle kwe-chlamydia kahle, futhi ukuphulukisa abantu abangenalo isifo kungcono kunokulahleka labo abakwenzayo.
Ukuhlolwa kabusha ngemuva kokulashwa
Abesifazane abakhulelwe kumele babuyiselwe emuva kwamasonto amathathu emva kokuba ukwelashwa kuqediwe. Abesifazane abakhulelwe abasengozini enkulu kufanele bacabangele ukuhlolwa futhi ku-trimester yesithathu.
Kodwa ngokuqinisekile noma ubani onayo izimpawu eziphikisayo kufanele ahlolwe kabusha. Ukuphinde kwenziwe ukutheleleka kungenzeka, futhi amacala amaningi atholakele ngemuva kokwelashwa ngenxa yalokhu kungenzeka, kunokuhluleka kokwelashwa uqobo. Ukuhlolwa kabusha ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-chlamydia kunconywa kokubili amadoda nabesifazane, ngisho nalabo abazi ozakwethu nabo baphathwa.
Ukuhlonza okuhlukile
Ukukhulelwa kwamagciwane kwabesifazane kunezimbangela eziningi, kusukela ku-bacterial vaginosis kuya kwezifo zesilonda, ku-chlamydia, kuya ekushintsheni kwama-hormonal. Ngokufanayo, kunemibandela ehlukahlukene engabangela ubuhlungu ngokobulili, ukuphuma kwegazi phakathi kwezikhathi noma ukulala, nokuningi.
Kubo bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane, ubuhlungu nokushiswa ngokuvuthwa kungaba nezimbangela eziningi, kubandakanya ukutheleleka kwesinye nesinye isifo sofuba .
Ngakho-ke, nakuba uchwepheshe wezezempilo angase asolise inkinga eyodwa noma enye, uma uveza izimpawu nhlobo, ukuhlolwa kwelebhu kubalulekile ekwenzeni i-chlamydia ehlongozwayo kanye nokukhetha ukwelashwa okufanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu abe ne- chlamydia kanye nokunye ukutheleleka ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi ukuhlolwa kungasiza ukuhlunga uma kunjalo.
Sinezivivinyo ezinhle ukuthola i-chlamydia, futhi uma kunempilo emihle, yokwelashwa ukuphulukisa ukutheleleka. Kodwa ngaphandle kokuxilongwa, ukwelashwa akukwenzeka, futhi ngaphandle kokwelapha, izinkinga ezifana nokungazalwa kungase kwenzeke.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. I-Chlamydia-CDC Fact Sheet (Okuningiliziwe). Kubuyekezwe ngo-10/04/17. https://www.cdc.gov/std/chlamydia/stdfact-chlamydia-detailed.htm
> Frati, E., Fasoli, E., Martinelli, M. et al. Izifo Ezithathelwana Ngocansi: Isu Lokuhlola Ukubukwa Kwamabonakude Ekuthuthukiseni Impilo Yabesifazane Emiphakathini Engabangela Ukuhlukunyezwa. I-International Journal of Sciences Molecular . 2017 Jun 20; 18 (6). i-pii: E1311.
> Kiridou, M., Umngane, H., Lugner, A. et al. Ukulinganisa Umthelela We-Chlamydia Screening ekudlulisweni kwe-HIV Phakathi Kwalabo Abesilisa Abalala Ngesilisa. I-BMC Izifo Ezithathelwanayo . 2013. 13 (1L: 436.
> Lunny, C., Taylor, D., Hoang, L. et al. I-Self-Collected Versus Clinic-Isiqoqiwe Sampling for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Screening: Ukubuyekezwa Okuhlelekile kanye Meta-Ukuhlaziywa. PLoS One . 2015. 10 (7): e0132776.
> Mustanski, B., Feinstein, B., Madkins, K., Sullivan, P., noG. Swann. Ukukhulela kanye Nezicabangela Zengozi Yezocansi Ezithathelwana Ngocansi Ezithathelwana Ngocansi Ezivela Emasampula Aziqoqayo Phakathi Kwabesilisa Abasha Abathandana Namadoda Abamba iqhaza Ekugcineni I-It Up! I-2.0 Yokulingwa Okulawulwa Ngokwezifiso. Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi . 2017. 44 (8): 483-488.
> Van Der Pol, B., Williams, J., Fuller, D., Taylor, S., no E.Hook. Ukuhlolwa Okuhlanganisiwe kwe-Chlamydia, i-Gonorrhea, ne-Trichomonas ngokusetshenziswa kwe-BD Max CT / GC / Assay TV nge Izinhlobo ze-Genitourinary Specimen. I-Journal of Clinical Microbiology . 2016. 55 (1): 155-164.