Izimpawu, Ukuxilongwa, Ukwelashwa Nokuvimbela
I-Chlamydia, ukutheleleka okubangelwa yi-bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis , iyisifo esithathelwanayo esivame ukuguqulwa ngokocansi (i-STI) e-United States. Kungenzeka nanoma yisiphi isikhathi kodwa kujwayelekile kubantu abasha. Ungase ungazi ukuthi une-chlamydia, ngoba ngokuvamile ayibangeli izimpawu. Nakuba ezinye zifunyanwa ngenxa yokuthi zifuna ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu ezifana nokukhishwa noma ubuhlungu, ezinye zitholwa nje njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwesimo somzimba.
Ayikho ingculazi ku-chlamydia, ngakho-ke ukuphindaphindiwe kuvamile. I-Chlamydia iyaphathwa, kepha ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kuyadingeka ukukhomba ukutheleleka.
Ukuvama
Abantu abangaba ngu-1.6 million bayotholakala ukuthi banesifo minyaka yonke, okubili kwezintathu zokutheleleka ezenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engama-15 no-24. Isibalo sangempela cishe siphakeme, kodwa kunikezwa ukuthi iningi labantu alinayo izimpawu. Kutholakale ukuthi cishe kabili kubafazi, kodwa lokho kungenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi abesifazane bavame ukuyohlola izikhathi eziningi kunamadoda. Ukubamba ukutheleleka kwabesifazane abaningi kuyinto enhle, yebo, kodwa ukuhlola okungafani kahle kusho ukuthi kukhona abalingani abaningi bezocansi besifazane abathintekayo abangaphathwa.
I-Chlamydia ibilokhu isifo esibikwayo e-United States kusukela ngo-1994, kodwa isilokhu sibikwa njalo kusukela ngonyaka ka-2000. Isibalo se-chlamydia sanda, nakuba singaqiniseki ukuthi lokhu kukhuliswa kwangempela noma ngenxa yokuthola okungcono.
I-Genitalia
Ukuze uqonde kangcono izimpawu ze-chlamydia, kuyasiza ukubuyekezwa kabili ubulili besilisa nabesifazane "
Uhlelo lwesisu lokuzala luhlanganisa ubulili, isisu, umlomo wesibeletho (ukuvulwa phakathi kwesisu nesisu), amashubhu wezintambo, nama-ovaries. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba umlomo wesibeletho yisayithi lesifo sochlamydial ngamaphesenti angama-75 kuya kwabangu-80 wamaphesenti abesifazane.
Ukusuka lapho, amabhaktheriya angadlula esibelethweni aze afike emathinini, ama-ovari, nezinhlaka ezizungezile ezibangela ukutheleleka okubizwa ngokuthi izifo zokuvuvukala kwe-pelvic (PID).
Uhlelo lwesilisa lokuzala luqukethe i-penis, i-testes, i-prostate gland, namathanga ahlobene. Ukwelashwa kwe-Chlamydia emadodeni kuvame ukuthinta i-urethra (i-tube egijima isuka kusikhondlela kuze kube semkhawulweni we-penis). Kule ndawo, amabhaktheriya angahamba aya epididymis-ithubhu ehlala ngemuva kwamathambo-okuholela esimweni esaziwa nge- epididymitis .
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ze-chlamydia ziyahlukahluka phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane, kanye nendawo yokutheleleka. Ngeshwa, i-chlamydia ibizwa ngokuthi "ukutheleleka kwangasese" ngoba izimpawu azikho ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngisho nalapho kunjalo, ukutheleleka kungalimaza uhlelo lokuzala. Ukuhlola ukuvame ukwenziwa ukuthola ukutheleleka okungenasifo.
Abesifazane
Amaphesenti angu-5 kuphela kuya kwamaphesenti angu-30 abesifazane abathwelwe yi-chlamydia bazoba nezimpawu. Isibonakaliso esivame kakhulu ukukhishwa kwamagciwane , okungaba mncane noma obukhulu, okucacile noma okumibala (ngokuvamile okuphuzi).
Abesifazane bangabona futhi ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukuvutha, noma ukushaya endaweni yangasese nasesiswini. Ubuhlungu nokuvutha ngokuvuthwa kungenzeka, futhi imvamisa yokuvuthwa inganda.
Ukubandakanywa komlomo wesibeletho kungabangela ubuhlungu ngezocansi (dyspareunia) nokuphaphaza phakathi kwezinkathi.
Uma ukutheleleka kuhamba emathangeni nasezintweni zomzimba, ubuhlungu besisu nesisu, kanye nezimpawu ezifana ne-fever, zingase zenzeke.
Amadoda
Ngamaphesenti angu-10 kuphela amadoda azoba nezimpawu ezihlobene nokutheleleka kwe-chlamydia. Uma sikhona, izimpawu zingabandakanya ubuhlungu nokushisa ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kanye nemvamisa ye-urinary. Kungase kube nokubomvu, ukuvuvukala, nokushaywa phansi kokuvulwa kwepenisi, kanye nokukhishwa kusuka e-penis (okungahlukahluka kusuka ecacile nasemanzi kuze kube yilapho kuluhlaza futhi kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka).
Ubuhlungu ngokukhipha amanzi kungase kwenzeke futhi. Uma ukutheleleka kuya epididymis, kungabangela ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala komunye owodwa noma zombili izigcawu.
Ezinye Izimpawu (Bobabili Ubulili)
Ukutheleleka kwe-Chlamydia nakho kungadluliselwa ngezocansi ezithandwayo noma ngokocansi ngomlomo.
Nge-sex anal, izimpawu zokutheleleka zingabandakanya ubuhlungu be-rectal, ukuphuma kwegazi, ukuphuma, kanye nokuzizwa kokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwamathumbu (tenesmus).
Ukwedlulisa ngesikhathi socansi ngomlomo kungabangela izimpawu ezifana ne-strep throat noma i-tonsillitis. Kwesinye isifundo sezindawo zasemadolobheni e-United States, kutholakale ukuthi amaphesenti angu-4 abesifazane, amaphesenti angu-1.6 wamadoda, namaphesenti angu-12 abesilisa ocansini nabesilisa (MSM) babe ne-chlamydia ye-extragenital. Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi izibalo ze-chlamydia emaceleni nangomlomo ku-MSM zingamaphesenti amathathu kuya kwangu-10 kanti amaphesenti angu-0.5 kuya kuma-2.3 amaphesenti, ngokulandelana.
Amabangela / Ukudluliselwa
Ukwelashwa kwe-genital chlamydia kubangelwa ama-serovars (izinhlobo ze-chlamydia bacteria) D ngokusebenzisa i-K. Kunezinye izinhlobo ze-chlamydia futhi, ezingavamile kakhulu e-United States.
I-Chlamydia isakazwa ngezingcingo (hhayi ukuxhumana kwesikhumba nesikhumba njengamanye, ama-STIs / STD) futhi kungenzeka ngezocansi zangasese, zesilwane, noma zomlomo. Ukujula akudingekile ekusakazeni ukutheleleka. Izimpawu, lapho zenzeka, zivame ukuvela cishe amasonto amathathu emva kokuvezwa, nakuba izinkinga ezifana ne-PID zingenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amabhaktheriya nawo angasakazwa kusukela kumama kuya kosana ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwamasondo.
I-Chlamydia yenza okuningi njengegciwane kunebhaktheriya ngezindlela ezithile futhi i-parasite ephoqelekile, okusho ukuthi kufanele ihlale ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana omuntu ukuze iphile.
Ukuxilongwa
I-Chlamydia ingase ibe ngumsolwa ngenxa yempawu noma ukuhlola ngokomzimba, kodwa kungaba nzima ukuhlukanisa i-chlamydia kwezinye izifo ze-STIs (njenge- gonorrhea ) esekelwe izimpawu zodwa. Ukuhlolwa kwelabhulali kuyadingeka ukuze kwenziwe i- chlamydia esemthethweni ukuxilongwa .
Ukuxilongwa okuningi kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwesimiso, njengesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba ngonyaka. Ukutheleleka kungase kuphele izinyanga noma iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale ngaphandle kokuthi kuhlolwa okunjalo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-chlamydia kuvame ukuthathwa ngemuva kokuba ochwepheshe bezempilo ehlonipha umlando wakhe wezokwelapha (kufaka nomlando wokuchayeka nokusebenza ngokobulili), wenza ukuhlola ngokomzimba, ugijimela ukuhlolwa komchamo noma, njengenye indlela kwabesifazane, ukuhlolwa kwesampula eqoqwe kusukela ekugqaseni komsele wamasondo omzimba noma ubulili.
Ukuhlola
Njengoba i-chlamydia ivame ukungabi nhlobo, ukuhlolwa kwesikhashana kunconywa kakhulu. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwonyaka wesifazane abesifazane abasebenza ngokocansi abaneminyaka engama-25 nangaphansi, nabesifazane asebekhulile abanengozi .
Izikhombisi-ndlela ze-MSM ezisebenza ngokocansi nazo zincoma ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-chlamydia-okungenani yonyaka noma ye-biannual, kuye ngokuthi ingozi. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlolwa komphimbo, umchamo, kanye ne-rectum, kanye nezinye izifo ze-STIs (isibindi B, isibindi C, nesifo samagciwane, isibonelo).
Abalingani bezocansi ezinsukwini ezingu-60 zokugcina kumele bahlolwe futhi baphathwe noma nini lapho kutholakala khona i-chlamydia.
I-Chlamydia yisifo esizwakalayo esizweni futhi ukubika kubalulekile ukuqonda kabanzi mayelana nokutheleleka.
Ukwelapha
I-Chlamydia iphathwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane; okwamanje akakho ama-counter-counter-remedies asebenzayo. Kunezindlela zokwelashwa ezinconywayo kanye nokukhethwa okunye kokubili abadala nabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Kumele uthathe yonke imithi enikezwe yona ukuze uqede amabhaktheriya, futhi imiyalelo ayifanele yabelwe. Njengoba kuphawuliwe, bonke abalingani bezocansi ezinsukwini ezingama-60 ngaphambi kokuxilongwa kufanele baphathwe.
Kunconywa ukuthi abantu bayeke ocansini izinsuku eziyisikhombisa emva kokuqala ukwelashwa.
Izinkinga
Kukhona izinkinga eziningana ezingase zenzeke uma i-chlamydia ishiywe ingalashwa:
Abesifazane
Ukukhathazeka okuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane yi- PID , isimo esenzeka ngamaphesenti angu-10 kuya ku-15 amaphesenti abesifazane abangaphathiswa. Ngaphandle kokubangela ukungahambi kahle, ukutheleleka kungabulala amashubhu angama-fallopian nezinhlaka ezizungezile, okuholela ekubuyeni okungapheli kwamaphilisi, ukungapheli, nokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic (tubal), isimo esisongela ukuphila.
Ukutheleleka kwe-Chlamydia kungakwandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa noma yokudlulisa i-HIV.
Amadoda
Izifo ezithinta ama-epididymis emadodeni nazo zingabangela ukonakala. Lokhu kungaholela ekubuyeni okungapheli kanye nokungakwazi ukuzala. Ngokuvamile, amadoda angathuthukisa isifo sokuvuvukala okuhlangene kunamalungu amabili noma ngaphezulu, ukuvuvukala kwe-urethra, noma ukuvuvukala kweso (ngaphambili okwaziwa ngokuthi i-Reiter's syndrome).
Njengabesifazane, i-chlamydia ingabuye yandisa ingozi yomuntu yokuthuthukisa noma yokusakaza i-HIV.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe
Izifo ezingenakubalwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zihlotshaniswa nesilinganiso esiphezulu sokuzalwa ngaphambi kokubeletha kanye nokubeletha. Amantombazane abelethwe omama abane-chlamydia engaphenduliwe angathuthukisa ukutheleleka kweso noma isibungu.
Labo Abanobudlelwano Bocansi
Ukwehliswa kwe-rectum ngenxa yokutheleleka kwe-chlamydia kungabangela ubuhlungu obungapheli emaceleni futhi, ngokungajwayelekile, i-fistula engama-rectal.
Ukuvimbela
Njengazo zonke izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela i-chlamydia ukusebenzisa ikhondomu ngaphandle kokuthi uhlala isikhathi eside, ubuhlobo bomuntu oyedwa nomuntu ohlolwe futhi enemiphumela emibi.
Izindlela zokuphila eziwusizo zihlanganisa:
- Inciphisa inombolo yakho yabalingani bocansi
- Ukuba "nengxoxo" nge-STIs / STD ngaphambi kokuba ucansi
- Ukuhlolwa njalo.
Kubalulekile ukugwema ukungena, ngoba lokhu kungandisa ingozi ye-PID kubesifazane abathintekayo.
Amanye ama-Sylamromal Syndromes
Kunezinye izinhlobo ezimbili zokutheleleka kwe-chlamydial ngaphezu kokutheleleka ngokobulili obujwayelekile, nakuba lokhu kungavamile kakhulu e-United States.
I-Lymphogranuloma Venereum: I- Chlamydia nayo ibangele igciwane lesandulela ngculaza elibizwa ngokuthi i- lymphogranuloma venereum , enezibonakaliso ezihluke kakhulu kunezingqinamba ezijwayelekile zesifo sofuba chlamydia. Kuye kwacatshangwa ngomlando njengesimo esitholakala emazweni asithathu, kepha izenzakalo zalo ziyanda emhlabeni jikelele, kuhlanganise nase-United States. Kuvame kakhulu ku-MSM, futhi izimpawu zifana ne-syphilis . Kubangelwa i-chlamydia serovars (izinhlobo) L1, L2, ne-L3.
I-Trachoma: I- Trachoma yisifo esithathwe yi-chlamydia amabhaktheriya aziwa ngokuthi ama-serova A ngeC. Ngokungafani nezifo zobulili kanye ne-lymphogranuloma venereum, i-trachoma ayithathwa njenge-STI. Nakuba kungavamile e-United States, yiyona imbangela ehamba phambili yobumpumputhe emhlabeni wonke. Kubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwe-autoinoculation (lapho abantu bathinta ubuso obuqukethe amabhaktheriya bese uthinta amehlo abo) futhi kungasakazeka ngezandla, izingubo, ukulala noma ngisho nezimpukane.
Izwi elivela
Ukuthola ukuxilongwa kwe-chlamydia kungase kuphazamiseke, ikakhulukazi uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi utholaphi isifo noma ukuthi usulele isikhathi eside kangakanani. Kukhona ukuhlambalaza ngama-STIs / STD okuvame ukubangela abantu bazizwe benamahloni, mhlawumbe mayelana nokudlula kwabo ngokocansi. Khumbula ukuthi i-chlamydia ivame kakhulu nokuthi umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uyazikhathalela kuphela impilo yakho. Nakuba ukuhlanganyela ocansini ngaphezulu kuyisici esiyingozi, kuthatha umlingani owodwa wezocansi ukuthuthukisa ukutheleleka.
I-chlamydia engabonwanga ingabangela izinkinga, ezinye zazo ezingabangela ukungathí sina. Kodwa okubalulekile ukuthi ukutheleleka kulula ukuvivinya, kuyaphilika kakhulu, futhi kuvame ukuvimbela.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. I-Chlamydia-CDC Fact Sheet (Okuningiliziwe). Kubuyekezwe ngo-10/04/17. https://www.cdc.gov/std/chlamydia/stdfact-chlamydia-detailed.htm
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. 2015 Ukuhlolwa Kwesifo socansi. Kubuyekezwe ngo-10/17/16. https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats15/chlamydia.htm
> I-World Health Organization. I-Trachoma. Kubuyekezwe ngo-July 2017. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs382/en/