Uma une-TB evulekile, ngeke ube nezimpawu ngoba umzimba wakho usebenza ngokuphumelelayo ukugcina amabhaktheriya owatheleleke ngawo. Uma amasosha omzimba wakho engaqinile ngokwanele ukwenza kanjalo, i-TB evulekile iba yi-TB esebenzayo, uphawu oluvame kakhulu olukhwehlela oluqhubekayo olungase lukhiphe i-phlegm enegazi. I-TB esakazeka ngaphezu kwamapayipi ingafaka izimpawu ezihlobene nezinso, amathambo, ubuchopho, nezinye izindawo zomzimba.
Izimpawu Ezivamile
Iningi lezinkinga ze-TB zenzeka futhi zihlala emaphashini. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-pulmonary TB. Izimpawu ze-TB esebenzayo, i-pulmonary TB zifaka:
- Ukukhwehlela okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amathathu
- Ukukhwehlela okukhiqiza i-sputum eluhlaza noma ephuzi (i-phlegm) engase ibe negazi
- Ukuphuza ukuphefumula noma isifuba
- Ukukhathala
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso nokulahlekelwa isisindo
- Izithukuthuku ebusuku
- Fever
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile
Ngezinye izikhathi, i-TB esebenzayo iyosabalalisa ngaphezu kwamapayipi emagqabeni, izinso, amathambo, ubuchopho, isisu, isisu okuzungeze inhliziyo (i-pericardium), amajoyina (ikakhulukazi ama-body-bearing joints, njengamaqhwa namadolo), kanye nezitho zokuzala . Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kwaziwa ngokuthi isifo sofuba esingeziwe.
Izimpawu zesifo sofuba esisodwa sithembele endaweni ehilelekile futhi zingabandakanya:
Ama-lymph nodes: Ama- lymph nodes aphuza amaphaphu angase abe mkhulu ngokwanele ukuze acindezele ama-tuby bronchial, abangela ukukhwehlela futhi mhlawumbe iphaphu eliphelile.
Uma amabhaktheriya asakazeka emagqabeni emitholampilo entanyeni, kungenzeka ukuthi ama-node aphule esikhumbeni bese ekhishwa.
Izinso: Ukutheleleka kwe-TB kwezinso kungabangela umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu emuva, futhi ngezinye izikhathi igazi emcinini. Ukutheleleka kwesifo kuvame ukusabalala esikhwameni, kubangela ukuvuthwa okubuhlungu nokuvame njalo.
Ubuchopho: Isifo sofuba esibangela ubuchopho, okuthiwa i-meningitis esinezinhlungu, sisongela ukuphila. E-United States nakwamanye amazwe athuthukile, i-meningitis ene-tuberculous ngokuvamile ivela kubantu abadala noma abantu abanesimiso sokuzivikela somzimba esibuthakathaka. Izimpawu zihlanganisa umkhuhlane, ikhanda eliqhubekayo, ukuqina kwentamo, isicanucanu, nokulala okungaholela ekoma.
I-Pericardium: E-pericarditis ene-tuberculous, i-pericardium iyancipha futhi ngezinye izikhathi ivuza umkhuhlane phakathi kwendawo ye-pericardium nenhliziyo. Lokhu kunganciphisa inhliziyo, kubangele ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yentamo kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
Izifo: Isifo sofuba singasakazeka nasezifweni zobulili. Emadodeni, isifo sofuba socansi sibangela ukuthi isi-scrotum sikhulise. Kulaba besifazane, kubangela ubuhlungu be-pelvic kanye nokungahambisani nomzimba futhi kwandisa ingozi yokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic (lapho iqanda lizifaka khona ngaphandle kwesibeletho).
Izinkomba ezingaphansi kweqembu
Abantu abathile kudingeka baqaphele ikakhulukazi izimpawu ezingabonisa i-TB, njengoba zisengozini enkulu yokubhekana nezifo ezivela ekuguleni. Lokhu kufaka:
- Abantu abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi: Kusukela ukuhlasela kwesandulela ngculaza ngawo-1980, inani lamacala e-TB landa ngokuphawulekayo. Ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi kuphazamisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, okwenza kube nzima ngomzimba ukulawula amabhaktheriya e-TB. Emhlabeni wonke, i-TB ingenye yezimbangela zokufa phakathi kwalabo abane-HIV.
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe: Amantombazane abelethwe abesifazane abanesifo sofuba esingalashwa angase abe nesisindo esincane esingaphansi kokuzalwa, futhi angase azalwe ne-TB ngokwawo. Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bathole ukwelashwa uma amathuba okuthi bane-TB ahloswe phezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma ubani onesivikelo somzimba sokuzivikela esesimweni esisezingeni eliphansi esengozini enkulu yokutheleleka kwe-TB esebenzayo kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene naye.
Nini Ukubona Udokotela
Uma uke waboniswa umuntu onesifo sofuba, yiba nobuhlungu besifuba noma ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo ngaphandle noma ngaphandle kwe-phlegm, shayela udokotela wakho, ozokunikeza ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba. I-TB yisifo esibi kakhulu futhi ingaba yingozi uma ingelashwa.
> Imithombo:
> I-Mayo Clinic. Isifo sofuba. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tuberculosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351250
> I-Merck Manual. Inguqulo yomthengi. Isifo sofuba (i-TB). https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/tuberculosis-and-leprosy/tuberculosis-tb
> I-US Dept. yezeMpilo kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu. Ukutheleleka nge-HIV kanye Nezikhathi Ezingavamile, Ukubambisana Nezimo. https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv-aids/fact-sheets/26/90/hiv-and-tuberculosis--tb-