2015-2016 Isizini Senkathi
Iyini ibanga leminyaka lokuthola ukuguquka komkhuhlane ? Isiphakamiso sochwepheshe ukuthi wonke umuntu oneminyaka engu-6 noma ngaphezulu, ngokuguga, uthole umuthi wokugoma umkhuhlane unyaka ngamunye. Kufanele uthole umuthi wokugoma ngokushesha uma ungakwazi, ngaphambi kokuba kuqale umkhuhlane .
Izincomo ze-Flu shot zishintsha phakathi neminyaka, ngakho-ke ungabona izinguquko ezithile uma uvakashela udokotela wakho.
Izincomo zonyaka ozayo webusika zinyatheliswa ngo-Agasti wonyaka ngamunye yizikhungo zokulawulwa nokuvimbela izifo.
Ama-Flu Shots - Izincomo Zamuva
Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi wonke umuntu okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala uthole umuthi wokugoma umkhuhlane unyaka ngamunye ngokushesha futhi angakapheli futhi ngaphambi kokuba umkhuhlane uqale.
Ushintsho olulodwa luka-2015-16 ukuthi akukho okukhethwa kukho okugonywa komkhuhlane we-influenza ongenakusebenza uma umuthi wokugoma ungasebenzi.
Ngenxa yokuthi igciwane lesandulela ngculaza lihlushwa emithonjeni yokugoma ayizange lishintshe eminyakeni embalwa edlule kwakunezinye izinguquko ezinconyweni. Nakuba izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwengu-9 ubudala (izinyanga ezingu-6 kuya eminyakeni engu-8) zisadinga amanani amabili omgomo wokugoma, uma ngabe unyaka wokuqala abagonywe, izincomo ezintsha zicacisa izimo ezithile uma zidingwa kuphela umthamo owodwa , kuhlanganise:
- izingane ezitholile okungenani izidakamizwa ezimbili zokudla komkhuhlane we-trivalent noma ezine-quadrivalent ngaphambi kukaJulayi 1, 2015 zidinga umthamo owodwa kuphela wonyaka ka-2015-16. Lezi zilinganiso akudingeki zinikezwe ngenkathi efanayo noma elandelanayo.
Izincomo ziyaqhubeka zicaciswa imithetho yezingane ezinezifo zamaqanda. Kuyafaneleka ukuthola umkhuhlane uma ingane yakho ingadla amaqanda aphekiwe noma ithola isidleke ngemuva kokudla amaqanda, nakuba kufanele igcinwe imizuzu engama-30 ngemuva kokuthola umkhuhlane wayo uma kwenzeka unomphumela wokuzibulala.
Ungabona izincomo zakamuva kwi-CDC isayithi: Ukuvimbela Nokulawulwa Kwesifo Sokukhulelwa Kwamanye Nonyaka Ngezinsana
Ama-Flu Shots - Kufanele Uwuthole Nini?
Eminyakeni edlule, ngenxa yokuntuleka nokulibaziseka, awuzange ukhethe kakhulu uma ungathola izingane zakho zigonywe. Abazali abaningi bazama ukufaka izingane zabo ukugonywa noma nini lapho bekwazi khona.
Uma kunomuthi wokugoma womkhuhlane, uzofuna ukuthola ingane yakho igonywe ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe umkhuhlane noma ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka phakathi nenkathi yempuphu. Ungathola umuthi wakho wokugoma nganoma isiphi isikhathi, kodwa uma usalinde isikhathi eside, ingozi enkulu ukuthi ingane yakho izobamba umkhuhlane ngaphambi kokuba ivikelwe umgomo wakhe wokugoma. Khumbula ukuthi inkathi evamile yokushisa ngokuvamile iqala ngoDisemba, iphakamisa ngoFebruwari, futhi ingaqhubeka kuze kube ngoMashi.
Abahlengikazi basekhaya basebenzisa ukunikeza umuthi wokugoma, uma bekhona, phakathi no-Okthoba futhi bebengathemba ukuqeda iningi leziguli zabo ngoDisemba. Izincomo zakamuva ukuthi odokotela baqala ukunikeza umuthi wokugoma uma usutholakala.
Ama-Flu Shots - Obani Abadinga I-One?
Khumbula, izincomo zamuva ukuthi wonke umuntu kufanele athole umgomo wokugoma.
Ngokucacile, zonke izingane ezineminyaka engama-6 nezinyanga ezingu-18 kufanele zithole umuthi wokugoma umnyaka ngamunye, kodwa lokho kubaluleke kakhulu kumaqembu aphezulu, kubandakanya:
- izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwezi-59 ubudala
- abesifazane abakhulelwe nabesifazane abazokhulelwa ngenkathi yempukane (ngokuvamile ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-March)
- Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-50 nangaphezulu
- izingane kanye nabantu abadala abanezimo eziningi zempilo ezingapheli, kuhlanganise nesifo se-asthma, isifo sikashukela, izinkinga ze-neurological and neuromuscular (cerebral palsy, ukugunwa, i-dystrophy yemisipha, njll), nezinkinga zokuzivikela komzimba
- izingane kanye nentsha ethatha i-aspirin ngenxa yengozi ye-Reye syndrome
- izakhamuzi zesikhungo sokunakekelwa isikhathi eside
- oxhumana nabendlu nabanakekeli bezingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, noma kwezinye izinhlangano eziphezulu ezingenhla
- abasebenzi bezempilo abahlinzeka ngokucophelela ukunakekelwa kwesineke
Khumbula ukuthi 'oxhumana nabo bekhaya' bafaka izingane eziningi ezengeziwe ezingxenyeni ezisengozini enkulu okufanele zithole umgomo wokugoma. Isibonelo, uma uneminyaka engu-3 ubudala oneminyaka engu-10 ubudala, kufanele bobabili bathole umgomo wokugoma. Noma, uma ingane eyodwa emndenini wakho ine-asthma, wonke umuntu endlini yakho kufanele athole umuthi wokugoma. Ingane ene-asthma isenqenqemeni ephezulu, kanti wonke umuntu uyithintana nomndeni.
Khumbula ukuthi ngisho noma ingane yakho ingekho eqenjini eliphakeme kakhulu, ingakwazi ukuthola umuthi wokugoma uma ufuna ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthola umkhuhlane kulo nyaka.
Futhi ngezincomo zakamuva zokuguquka komkhuhlane, izazi manje zeluleka imishanguzo yomkhuhlane wonke umuntu, kuhlanganise nabantu abadala abanempilo abaneminyaka engama-18 no-49, ngakho-ke ngokuyinhloko wonke umuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-6 kufanele athole umuthi wokugoma umkhuhlane unyaka ngamunye.
Ama-Flu Shots - Ezinye izincomo
- Abantu abanempilo abaneminyaka engama-2 kuya kwengu-49 ubudala abangakhulelwe - kuhlanganise nabasebenzi bezempilo (ngaphandle kwalabo abathintekayo iziguli ezingenakuzivikela ezikhungweni ezikhethekile kanye nabantu abanakekela izingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha) - bangagonywa ngePlumist , umuthi wokugoma umkhuhlane we-flu.
- Abantu akufanele bathole umuthi wokugoma uma benesifo esibi kakhulu amaqanda inkukhu; uye waba nesisindo esinzima emgodini wokugoma esikhathini esidlule; baye bahlakulela i-Guillain-Barre syndrome zingakapheli amasonto ayisithupha ngokuthola umgomo wokugoma; uma zingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala; noma uma benesifo esilinganiselwe noma esinomkhuhlane.
Into eyodwa okufanele uyikhumbule yukuthi nakuba isisindo se-thimerosal sisuswe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokugonywa kwezingane ezinconywa njalo, izigxobo eziningi zemishanguzo yomuthi wokugoma zikhona namanzi we-thimerosal. Lokhu akusona isizathu sokungatholi ingane yakho igonywe, noma kunjalo, ikakhulukazi uma isenqenqemeni ephezulu. Umgomo wokugoma umkhuhlane we-thimerosal utholakala ngesikhathi sonyaka we-2015-2016, nakuba ngokwe-CDC, 'ukuhlomula komgogodla wegciwane nokuqukethwe okunciphisisiwe noma okuyisisindo esiphezulu kunaphezu kweengozi yemithi, uma ikhona, isuka kwi-thimerosal.'
Izincomo Zokudubula Izinhlanzi Ukuguquka Ngaphezulu Kweminyaka
Ngenkathi sinezincomo zokugoma komkhuhlane wonke jikelele, lapho wonke umuntu okungenani oneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala edingeka ukuba athole umuthi wokugoma umnyaka ngamunye, eminyakeni engu-11 eyedlule, ngo-2001, imishanguzo yemfuluwenza yayihloselwe kuphela izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasengozini enkulu amaqembu. Izinguquko eziqhubekayo ezincomo zokugoma komkhuhlane ziye zaqhubeka phakathi neminyaka, kufaka phakathi:
- ukugqugquzela ukugonywa kwezingane ezinempilo phakathi kweminyaka engama-6 nezinyanga ezingu-23 uma kwenzeka ngesikhathi sonyaka ka 2002-03
- ukuthi ukugonywa kwezingane ezinempilo phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-6 no-23 kwaba yisincumo esisemthethweni sonyaka ka-2004-05 wempuphu
- ukuthi ukugoma kwezingane ezinempilo phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-24 no-59 kwaba yisincumo esisemthethweni sonyaka ka-2006-07 wezikhukhula
- ukuthi ukugoma kwezingane ezinempilo phakathi kweminyaka engu-5 no-18 kwaba yisincumo esisemthethweni sonyaka ka-2008-09 wempuphu
- Kuncoma ukugoma komkhuhlane wonke umuntu wonke okungenani izinyanga ezingu-6 ubudala kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2010-11 umkhuhlane (ungeze abantu phakathi kweminyaka engu-19 no-49)
Imithombo:
I-CDC. Ukuvimbela Nokulawulwa Kwesifo Sokukhulelwa Kwamanye Nonyaka Ngezinsana: Izincomo zeKomidi Elilulekayo Emisebenzini Yokugoma (ACIP) - United States, 2015-16 Isifo Sengqungquthela Isikhathi. I-MMWR. Agasti 7, 2015/64 (30); 818-825