Izilinganiso ze-anthropometric yizo ezibonisa ubukhulu bomzimba womuntu - ubungako nokuma. Lezi zilinganiso ziyinhloko yamathambo, ama-muscle nama-adipose (amafutha). Leli gama lihlanganisa amagama amaGreki anthropos (umuntu) kanye ne-metron (isilinganiso).
Izindlela ezijwayelekile ze-Anthropometric
Zingafaka:
- Ukuphakama, ukuma
- Ukuphakama, ukuhlala
- Isisindo
- Isimiso sezintambo
- Isigqoko se-hip ratio
- Ukuma kwesilinganiso sokuphakama
- I-BMI (isisindo ngama-kilogram ehlukaniswe isikwele sokuphakama ngamamitha)
- Gamba amandla
- Isilinganiso somzimba womzimba womzimba
Ucwaningo lwezesayensi
Izilinganiso ze-anthropometric zibalulekile ekucwaningweni kwezesayensi ngoba uma zirekhodwa ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziqinisekisiwe, zihlose futhi azihambisani nemibono noma imibono yabososayensi abahilelekile. Ekufundeni kwe-longitudinal, izilinganiso ezithile eziyisisekelo ezinjengezinwele ezibonakalayo zingabonisa ukuthi zikhona izifo ezibhekene nezifo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo noma umdlavuza.
I-Ergonomics Design and Industry
Ezenzweni zezimboni ezifana ne-ergonomics, izilinganiso ze-anthropometric zisiza abakhiqizi ukuba benze ifenisha efanelwe nomzimba womuntu. Emklamo wezimoto, i-anthropometry ihilela ukuthatha isilinganiso esilinganiselwe kubaqhubi abadala abadala ukuze bahlole izimoto nezinye izimoto ukuze kusebenze izinhlelo zabo zokuphepha.
Izilinganiso eziqhubekayo ziyadingeka njengoba abantu beshintsha ukuphakama, isisindo nokunye okulingana.
Njengoba abantu beba nzima kakhulu, ngokuvamile njengoba kwenzeka ngokudla okungcono, izinto ezisetshenziswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kumele zikwazi ukuhlala nabantu abade.
Ngokufanayo, njengoba abantu bahlanganisa abantu abengeziwe abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abakhuluphele, imiklamo yezinto zonke kusuka ekugqokeni izingubo kuya ezihlalweni ukuze kube nesisindo somthamo wezindleko zokuphakama kungadinga ukulungiswa.
Uma ukukhuluphala kwengane kuphakama, izinto zezingane zidinga ukuthi zibandakanye ukucatshangelwa ukuthi ezinye zazo zingaba ngokweqile. Ezinye izilwane zezingane zinezikhukhula zakuqala nokukhulelwa, okudingeka zicatshangelwe uma kudala lezo zinhlangano zeminyaka.
I-Anthropometric Data Database
Kunezincazelo eziningi zedatha ye-anthropometric eqoqwe eminyakeni engamashumi eminyaka. Ngokuvamile lezi ziqoqwe ekuqaleni ngamasosha.
I-Army Anthropometric Survey (ANSUR): Ishicilelwe ngo-1988, inamakhulu ezinyathelo ezihlukene kokubili amadoda nabesifazane, nakuba ibuthakathaka kwabanye abantu ababhekiswe kulo kanye nabantu abaphezulu be-BMI. Lokho kunengqondo njengoba kuqoqwe ekuqaleni kwamabutho adingeka ukuba agcine ngaphansi kwesisindo somzimba esithile, futhi bekungaba nabesifazane abambalwa kakhulu kunamadoda.
I-NHANES: Ucwaningo lukazwelonke lwezeMpilo neZondlo luhlanganisa izilinganiso zomzimba, ukuhlukahluka kwezingane ezisencane kanye nabantwana ezisencane nakubantu abadala. Isisindo, ukuphakama kokuma, ubude bomlenze ophezulu, ubude bendonga engaphezulu, ububanzi bendawo yangaphakathi, ububanzi besisu, isisindo sagittal esiswini silinganiselwa izihloko eziningi, ne-head circumference nobude obude bezinsana. Lezi zinyathelo zishintsha unyaka nonyaka.
I-CAESAR: Imithombo ye-Anthropometry yaseMelika yaseMelika neyaseYurophu inezilinganiso zomzimba ezi-3-D kanye nezilinganiso zendabuko ze-1-D ezinkulungwane zabantu abaneminyaka engu-18-65 kusukela ngo-1998-2000.
Isetshenziselwa ezimbonini eziningi zokwakha. uma uhlela isihlalo, idesksi noma imoto ongathanda ukuyifinyelela kulezi zilinganiso.no ungaqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wakho uzosebenza kubantu abaningi.
Umthombo:
ULouise GH Goh, uSatvinder S Dhaliwal, uThimothy A Welborn, Andy H Lee, noPhillip R Della. "Ubuhlanga nobudlelwane phakathi kwama-Indimishoni we-Anthropometric of Obesity and Risk Cardiovascular Risk in Women: Study Section-Sectional Study." I-BMJ Vula. 2014; 4 (5): e004702. Ishicilelwe ku-intanethi ngomhla ka-Meyi 22. Ngama-ini: 10.1136 / bmjopen-2013-004702