Izingane ezine-cerebral palsy zinenkinga ngezwi le-muscle, elichaphazela ikhono labo lokugcina ibhalansi, ukuma, nokuhamba nokuhamba.
Ngokungafani nezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingathinta ikhono lomntwana lokuhamba noma ukuhamba, nge-cerebral palsy, inkinga ayikho emisipha yengane noma izinzwa. Esikhundleni salokho, ukulimala kwengqondo yengane ngokwayo kuthinta ikhono lakhe lokulawula imisipha yakhe.
Yini Ebangela Ukukhubazeka Kwama-Cerebral Palsy?
Ukulimala kobuchopho okwenza i-cerebral palsy ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, kanti ubuchopho bomntwana namanje bukhula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungase kwenzeke ngemuva kwesikhathi ekukhulelwe, ngesikhathi sokubeletha, noma ngokujwayelekile, ekuqaleni kokuphila kwengane.
Ezinye izimbangela ezivamile ze-cerebral palsy zihlanganisa:
- izimo zofuzo
- ukuphazamiseka kwemizimba
- i- meningitis ye- bacterial
- Izifo zangaphambi kokubeletha (i-toxoplasmosis, i-parvovirus yabantu (i-Fifth Disease), i-rubella, i-cytomegalovirus, i-herpes, i-syphilis, njll)
- ukuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni
- ukungabi ne-oxygen ngenxa yezinkinga nge-placenta
- i-kernicterus (i-jaundice eqinile)
- ukulimala kwekhanda
- ukushaya
- ukuhlukumeza ingane kanye ne-baby syndrome
Ukwelashwa kokuqala, kuyilapho kungabangeli ukukhubazeka kwe-cerebral, ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa nesimo, njengoba izingane ezingakafiki zisengozini yezinkinga eziningi ezenzayo.
Khumbula ukuthi ochwepheshe abaningi manje bakholelwa ukuthi izimbalwa ezimbalwa ze-cerebral palsy empeleni zibangelwa ukungabi khona kwe-oxygen ngesikhathi sokubeletha nokubeletha.
Izimpawu Zokukhubazeka Kwama-Cerebral Palsy
Nakuba izingane eziningi zizalwa nge-cerebral palsy, izimpawu zingase zingabonakali ezinyangeni eziningi. Eqinisweni, izimpawu ze-cerebral palsy zingase zingatholakali kuze kube yilapho ingane yakho ineminyaka eminingana ubudala.
Izimpawu ze-cerebral palsy ongazibona, nokuthi kufanele ubheke uma ukhathazekile ukuthi ingane yakho ingaba nokukhubazeka kwengqondo, faka:
- imisipha eqinile noma eqinile (i-hypertonia)
- ukucabangela okukhulu
- ukunyakaza komzimba okungalawuleki
- ithoni ephansi ye-muscle (hypotonia)
- ukuhamba ngezinyosi (kungaba okujwayelekile ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-3, ikakhulukazi uma ingane ingahambi ngezinzwani zazo ngaso sonke isikhathi)
- ukuphoqa noma ukuhudula unyawo ngenkathi uhamba
- ukuhamba nge-scissored gait, ukuguqula imilenze yabo njengoba behamba
- ukwehlisa ngokweqile
- kunzima ukugwinya, ukuphuza noma ukukhuluma
- ukuthuthumela
- unenkathazo ngamakhono amakhono emoto, njengezinkinobho zokuqinisa noma ubambe ipensela
Izimpawu ze-cerebral palsy azibi nakakhulu ngeminyaka, kepha izimpawu zingabuka emnothweni kuya ezinzima. Isibonelo, ingane ene-cerebral palsy enobuchopho ingase ibe nezinkinga, kanti enye enezimpawu ezinzima zingadinga isitulo sabakhubazekile.
Izingane ezine-cerebral palsy nazo zingaba nezinkinga zokudla, ukuphuza kwengqondo, ukubhema, ukukhubazeka ukufunda, nezinkinga ngemibono nokuzwa kwabo.
Ukubona ukukhubazeka kobuchopho
Ukuxilongwa kwe-cerebral palsy kuvame ukukwenziwa lapho umzali noma udokotela wezingane eqaphela ukuthi ingane ayihlangabezane nemigomo yakhe yokuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba kanye / noma yokuziphatha. Udokotela wakho wezingane angase futhi aqaphele, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuthi ingane ene-cerebral palsy inenkinga ngezwi lakhe noma imicuphulo.
Izibonakaliso zokuqala zokuphefumula kwengqondo zingase zibe yintsana:
- usenamandla okulawula ikhanda ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili ubudala
- njalo ufinyelela ngesandla esisodwa emva kokuba eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala, egcina enye enqabeni (khumbula ukuthi izinsana eziningi azibonisi ukukhetha ngesandla ngonyaka wazo wokuqala)
- ayikwazi ukukhahlela noma ukuma ngokusekelwa yi-birthday yakhe yokuqala
Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, izivivinyo ezingasiza ngezinye izikhathi uma uhlola ingane ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwengqondo, zihlanganisa ukukhenwa kwe-tomography (CT) yekhompuyutha kanye / noma ukubuka isithombe se-resonance imaging (MRI) yengqondo yengane. Okunye ukuhlola kungenziwa futhi uma kubangelwa ukuthi isifo sofuzo, isisombululo noma esisakazekayo se-cerebral palsy.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Cerebral Palsy
Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa kwe-cerebral palsy, ukwelashwa kuvame ukufaka:
- ukwelashwa ngokomzimba
- ukwelapha emsebenzini
- ukuphathwa kwezwi
- imithi, engasiza ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu ezinzima, njenge-muscle spasticity (baclofen, i-Botox), ukuhlukunyezwa, ngisho nokudonsa (Robinul).
- ukuhlinzeka ngezintambo ezinzima noma amalunga
Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, izingane ezine-cerebral palsy ezinokulinganisela noma ezimbi zingase zidinge amadivaysi okusiza ukuze azungeze, njengama-orthotics, i-walker, noma isihlalo sabakhubazekile. Ezinye izinhlobo zobuchwepheshe bokusiza zingasiza futhi izingane ezinokuxhumana okubuhlungu kokukhubazeka kwe-cerebral (amadivaysi okuxhumana aphezulu) futhi zenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
Okufanele Ukwazi Nge-Cerebral Palsy
Ezinye izinto ozokwazi mayelana ne-cerebral palsy zihlanganisa ukuthi:
- Izibalo zakamuva zibonisa ukuthi ukukhubazeka kwe-cerebral kuyathinta ngo-3.1 kubantwana abayi-1 000 noma ku-1 kwabantwana abangu-323 e-United States.
- Ukusabalala kwe-cerebral palsy kuye kwashintsha kusukela ngo-1985.
- Izingane ezine-cerebral palsy azibi kakhulu isikhathi futhi zingase zithole kangcono ukwelashwa.
- Izingane ezine-cerebral palsy zingaba nezinkinga zokubona nezokuzwa. Bangase badinge ama-eyeglass noma ngisho nokuhlinzwa, ukulungisa i-strabismus, kanye nezinsiza zokuzwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwesifo sezinzwa zezingane kanye / noma isazi sesayensi sokuthuthukiswa kwengane kungasiza futhi uma ingane icatshangwa ukuthi ikhubazekile kakhudlwana.
Imithombo:
Behrman: uNelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 17th ed.
Christensen et al. Ukukhula kwe-cerebral palsy, ukusebenzisana kwe-autism spectrum kanye nokusebenza kwezimoto - I-Autism neNtuthuko yokukhubazeka kwezokukhubazeka, e-USA, ngo-2008. I-Dev Med Child Neurol. 2014 Jan; 56 (1): 59-65.
U-Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp, MD. Ukukhula kwe-Cerebral Palsy e-Izingane ezineminyaka engu-8 ezindala ezindaweni ezintathu ze-United States ngo-2002: Ukusebenzisana kweMultisite. I-PEDIATRICS Vol. 121 No. 3 Mashi 2008, iphe. 547-554
UVan Naarden Braun et al. Ukukhula kokubeletha kokukhubazeka kwesibindi: Isifundo esisekelwe kubantu. Izingane zokwelapha. Umqulu 137, inombolo 1, uJanuwari 2016.