Iqembu Lezinkinga Elibangelwa Ukungabi Nesimo Sokulawulwa Kwamandla
I-episodic ataxia yiqembu lezifo ezingavamile ezidala izikhathi lapho umuntu engakwazi ukulawula ukunyakaza komzimba ( ataxia ). Kunezinhlobo eziyisishiyagalombili ze-atazosi ye-episodic, kodwa okuqala kokubili yizona ezaziwa kakhulu.
I-Episodic Ataxia Uhlobo 1
Izinhlamvu zokungaqiniseki ezibangelwa i-episodic ataxia hlobo 1 (EA1) ngokuvamile zihlala imizuzu nje kuphela. Lezi zikhathi zivame ukulethwa ngokuzivocavoca, i-caffeine, noma ukucindezeleka.
Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nokuxokozela kwemisipha (myokymia) ezayo ne-ataxia. Izimpawu zivame ukuqala ebusheni.
I-episodic ataxia hlobo 1 ibangelwa ukuguqulwa kwesiteshi se-i-potassium ion. Lesi siteshi kuvame ukuvumela ukufaka amandla kagesi kumaseli wegazi, futhi lezi zimpawu zingase zingavamile lapho isiteshi sishintshwa ngokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo.Iindlela elula yokuhlola i-EA1 ukuthola ukuhlolwa kofuzo. I- MRI ingenziwa ukuze kukhishwe ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona ze-ataxia, kodwa uma kwenzeka i-EA1, i-MRI izobonisa kuphela ukunyakaza okuncane phakathi kwe-cerebellum ebizwa ngokuthi i-vermis.
I-Episodic Ataxia Uhlobo 2
I-episodic ataxia hlobo 2 (EA2) ihlotshaniswa nokuhlaselwa kwe- vertigo eqinile futhi ngezinye izikhathi inhlanhla nokuhlanza okuhlala emahoreni kuya kwezinsuku. I-Nystagmus, isimo lapho amehlo ehamba khona ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi engalawuleki, angaba khona ngesikhathi kuphela kodwa futhi phakathi kokuhlaselwa. Ngokungafani ne-EA1, i-episodic ataxia hlobo 2 ingaholela ekulimazeni ku-cerebellum, ingxenye yengqondo ebuhlungu ekuxhumaneni.
Ngenxa yalokhu ukulimala kancane kancane, abantu abane-EA2 bangakwazi ukulahlekelwa ukuzithandela ukulawula imisipha phakathi kokuhlasela kwabo ngezikhathi ezithile kanye. Njengo-EA1, abantu abane-EA2 ngokuvamile baqala ukuzwa izimpawu ekukhuleni.
I-Episodic ataxia hlobo 2 ibangelwa ukuguqulwa kwesiteshi se-calcium. Lesi siteshi se-calcium esifanayo sishintshwa kwezinye izifo ezifana ne- spinocerebellar atxia hlobo 6 kanye nomndeni we- hemiplegic migraine .
Abanye abantu abane-EA2 nabo banezibonakaliso ezikhumbuza lezo ezinye izifo.
Okunye Episodic Ataxias
Ama-episodic ataxia asele, izinhlobo ze-EA3 nge-EA8, azivamile. Eziningi ze-episodic ataxia ezingavamile kakhulu zibonakala ngendlela efana ne-EA1 ne-EA2 kodwa zinezakhi ezihlukahlukene zokushintshashintsha kwezakhi zofuzo njengesizathu. Ngamunye walawa ma-subtypes kubikwe kumndeni owodwa noma emibili kuphela.
- I-EA3 ihlasela ngokufishane okubandakanya ukungabi nokuhlukumeza kwemisipha nokulawula, ngokuzondeka nokuhlunga kwemisipha.
- I-EA4 ifana ne-EA2, ngokunyakaza kwamehlo okungavamile njenge- nystagmus ephikelela ngisho noma kungekho ukuhlasela okusebenzayo, nakuba ukuhlaselwa kufushane. I-EA4 iyingqayizivele ngoba ayiphenduli kahle emitholampilo esetshenziselwa ezinye izaxia ze-episodic.
- I-EA5 ihlasele okuqhubekayo amahora afana ne-EA2. Kuye kwabikwa emndenini waseFrance waseCanada.
- I-EA6 ibangelwa ukuguqulwa okungase kuhlotshaniswe nokuhlukunyezwa , i- migraine , ne- hemiplegia , futhi njenge-EA2.
- I-EA7 iboniswe emndenini owodwa nje kuphela futhi ufana ne-EA2 ngaphandle kokuthi ukuhlolwa kwegazi kujwayelekile phakathi kokuhlaselwa.
- I-EA8 ibonisa izimpawu zayo ekusaneni kwasekuqaleni ngokuhlaselwa okuqhubekayo kusukela emaminithi kuze kube usuku olugcwele. Itholakale emndenini owodwa futhi isabela ku-clonazepam.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Episodic Ataxia
Ngaphambi kokuthola ukuxilongwa kwesifo esingavamile kakhulu njenge-episodic ataxia, ezinye izimbangela ezivamile ze-ataxia kufanele zihlolwe. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona umlando womndeni ocacile we-ataxia, kungase kudingeke ukuthola ukuhlolwa kofuzo.
Iningi odokotela batusa ukusebenzisana nomeluleki wezakhi zofuzo lapho befuna lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa. Ngenkathi imiphumela yokuhlolwa kofuzo ingahle ibonakale iqondile, ngokuvamile kuvame ukubaluleka okungabalulekile. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukuhlolwa kofuzo kusho ukuthini wena kuphela kodwa nomndeni wakho.
Ukwelapha
Izimpawu zobabili ze-EA1 ne-EA2 zithuthuka nge-acetazolamide, imithi evame ukusetshenziswa njenge- diuretic noma ukusiza ukushintsha amazinga e-acidity egazini.
I-Dalfampridine nayo iboniswe ukuthi iphumelele ku-episodic ataxia hlobo 2 kanye. Ukwelapha ngokomzimba kungaba usizo ukuphatha i-ataxia uma ikhona.
Nakuba i-episodic ataxia ingavamile, ukuxilongwa kuthinta isisiguli kanye nomndeni wabo. Kubalulekile ukuthi izazi ze-neurologists neziguli zicabange nge-ataxia ye-episodic uma kunomlando womndeni wokuhlushwa.
Imithombo:
> Choi KD, Choi JH. Ataxias Episodic: Izici Clinical kanye Genetic. I-Journal ye-Disvement Disorders . 2016; 9 (3): 129-135. i-doi: 10.14802 / jmd.16028.
> Strupp M, uKalla R, uClaassen J, et al. Ukuhlolwa okungahleliwe kwe-4-aminopyridine e-EA2 kanye ne-ataxia yomndeni ehlobene ne-episodic. I-Neurology 2011; 77: 269.