Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izimpendulo eziphindaphindiwe zingabangela ukukhubazeka kokufunda
Izingane ezithinta imidlalo yokuthintana nazo zisengozini yokuphindaphindiwe kwekhanda kanye nokuncintisana.
I-Centers for Disease Control ibika ukuthi izingane ezingaba ngu-130 000 ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 zibonakala ngenxa yokuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda elihlobene nemidlalo minyaka yonke. Iningi lezingane ezitholakale zinesifiso sokuphumula; Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olusha lubonisa ukuthi izingcaphuno eziphindaphindiwe kulo lonke ubuntwana kanye nentsha zingabangela ushintsho oluhlala njalo endleleni ubuchopho obusebenza ngayo.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubuchopho bukhula ngokugcwele kulo lonke ubuntwana. Ukulimala kobuchopho kuthatha amandla nesikhathi kude nezinqubo zokufunda nokuthuthukiswa. Ngaleso sikhathi kusetshenziswe isikhathi sokuzama ukuphulukisa ukulimala kwengqondo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda phakathi kwezemidlalo ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokushaywa ikhanda kunomunye umdlali, umhlabathi, noma into. Ukushaywa kubangela ubuchopho ukuba bubheke phambili nangemuva kwe-skull. Le ntshukumo ilalisa amangqamuzana omzimba futhi ingabangela ukugeleza ngaphakathi noma nxazonke zobuchopho.
Ingxabano ukulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu kakhulu okungenzeka noma kungabangela ukulahleka okuncane kokuqaphela. Kungase kube nomonakalo ebuchosheni ngisho noma ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo kungenzeki, ngakho akufanele kube uphawu olulodwa oluzobheka.
Uma ingane inezimpawu ezilandelayo emva kokuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda elihlobene nezemidlalo kufanele / kubonwe ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha:
- Ukudideka noma ukudideka
- Kunzima ukukhuluma, ukuxuba amagama
- Inkinga yokugcina ibhalansi noma ukuhamba
- Amakhanda aphezulu noma inhloko ekhanda kancane kancane
- Ukulahlekelwa kokwazi
- Ukungaphenduli (hhayi ukuvuka)
Izinguquko Zobunjunaphakade
Ubuchopho namanje bukhula phakathi nobuntwana, futhi amakhono afana nelulwimi, ukucabanga okucabangayo nokuxazulula izinkinga azange zisungulwe ngokugcwele.
Isikhathi ngasinye kukhona ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu ubuchopho kufanele bulungise umonakalo; uma amangqamuzana omgogodla adiliziwe, izindlela ezintsha zokuxhumana ngolwazi ngaphakathi kobuchopho kudingeka zitholakale futhi zifundwe. Ukuvuvukala kungaholela ekunciphiseni ukugeleza kwegazi ku-lobes yobuchopho obangela amakhono abalulekile. Umonakalo wamangqamuzana omgogodla uphoqa ubuchopho ukuphinda uvuselele indlela impumulo nolwazi ezithunyelwa ngayo futhi zamukelwa ngayo. Ebuchosheni bomntwana okhulayo, lokhu kungase kuphazamise ikhono lokufunda jikelele.
Ngokusho kocwaningo, kuyingozi uma ukuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda nokuncintisana kwenzeke ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuthi amakhono okufunda nokucabanga okubalulekile akhula. Uma ubuchopho bomntwana bufunda ukuxazulula izinkinga noma ukucabanga okugxile futhi le nqubo iphazamiseka, lawa makghono angeke athuthuke ngendlela okufanele ayenze ngayo. I-traumatic head iphazamisa inqubo evamile yokufunda.
Kulimaza ngokukhethekile uma ukulimala kobuchopho kwenzeka kaningi. Isikhathi ngasinye lapho ubuchopho buhlungu khona kufanele buyabuyisele, futhi uma kungenaso isikhathi sokuphulukisa ngokugcwele kusukela ekuncintiswaneni kokugcina, lokhu kuphuza noma kuvele inqamule inqubo.
Izincomo Zezinkinga Zezingane Zenhloko
Odokotela abaphatha ukuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda kanye nokulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu emantwaneni manje batusa ukuthi noma nini kukhona ukushaya ekhanda nasengxenyeni evela ekhanda, ingane:
- Yima ngokushesha ukwenza noma ukudlala
- Hlola ngokugcwele udokotela ngaphambi kokuqala ukwenza noma ukudlala futhi
- Yiba nesikhathi esanele sokuphumula ukuze uvumele ubuchopho buyilondoloze ngokuphelele. Uma ngabe kukhona okunye okubalulwe ngenhla kuhlu lwezingxoxo, isikhathi sokutakula singadinga ukuhlala amasonto ambalwa.
Le mikhawulo kunzima ukuthi izingane zilandele, ikakhulukazi uma zisebenza ezemidlalo. Amasonto ambalwa angakapheli angashintsha inkathi yonke.
Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukucindezeleka kwentela okuphindaphindiwe kungase kube nemiphumela yesikhathi eside yengqondo futhi kuthinte impilo yonke yengane. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukufunda okungafaneleki, ukucabanga, nokucabangela ukunciphisa impumelelo yesikole kanye nokungaba yingozi engozini yesifo sikaParkinson , i- Alzheimer kanye nezinye izinkinga zempilo kamuva.
Imithombo:
U-Docking, K. & Murdoch, E. (2007) Ukulimala Okubuhlungu Kobunzima (i-MTBI) noLimi ebuntwaneni: Izindleko zokuPhambi kokuPhumela nokuPhumela Ubuningi nolimi (103) 8-249
I-Mayer, R., Ling, J., Yang, Z., Pena, A., Yeo, R. & Klimaj, S. (2012) Ukusabalalisa Ukungahleleki Kwezingane Ukulimala Okubuhlungu Okubuhlungu; I-Journal of Neuroscience, ngoDisemba 12, 2012 • 32 (50): 17961-17969
U-McKinlay A, Grace R, uHorwood J, uFergusson D, iMacFarlane M (2009) Izimpawu Zengqondo Zengqondo Zengane Ezinganeni Ezilandelayo Ukulimala Kwengane Esenkingeni Ebuhlungu Ubunzima bokuzilimaza: Ubufakazi Ovela Enkathini Yokuzalwa. J Head Trauma Rehabil 24: 221-227
Yeates KO, Kaizar E, Rusin J, Bangert B, Dietrich A, Nuss K, Wright M, Taylor HG (2012) Ukuguqulwa okuthembekile emibonweni yePostconcussive kanye nemiphumela yayo esebenzayo phakathi kwezingane ezinobungozi obunzima bokuzilimaza ubunzima. I-Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 166: 615- 622. Isikhathi se-crossRef.