Izimpawu, Ukwelashwa, Nokuphila Nezifo ZaseParkinson
Iyini isifo sikaParkinson futhi yiziphi izimpawu? I-diagnostic eyenziwe kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izifo ezitholakalayo? Yini okufanele uyazi mayelana nokuphila nsuku zonke nesifo?
Sibutsetelo
Isifo se-Parkinson yisifo esibuchopho esibizwa ngokuthi udokotela waseBrithani, uJames Parkinson, owokuqala ukuchaza ngokunembile izimpawu zayo ngo-1817. Izimpawu zakhe ezinkulu ezintathu ziyizithuthumela (ukuthuthumela okuvame ukuqala ngakwesinye isandla), ukuqina kwesigxobo noma izitho, nokuhamba kancane ukunyakaza.
Kuyinto ingcindezi eqhubekayo, okusho ukuthi ivame kakhulu nakakhulu eminyakeni. Kodwa izindlela zokwelashwa ezintsha zivela ku-PD ezithembisa ukunciphisa izimpawu ezikhubaza kakhulu zesifo.
Ukuvama
Isifo sikaParkinson (PD) sithinta abantu abangaba yisigidi e-United States naseCanada. Amadoda atholakala kakhulu ukuba athole i-PD kunabesifazane.
Izimbangela
Sifunde ngawo-1950 ukuthi i-PD ihlobene nokuntuleka kwe-chemical agent dopamine ezindaweni ezihamba phambili zobuchopho, nakuba sifunda ukuthi imbangela yesifo sikaParkinson iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ihilela izinqubo ezingahambisani ne-dopamine (izinqubo ezingezona i-dopaminergic) kanjalo.
Yize siyazi ngezinkinga ezibeka ingozi yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo, aziwa ukuthi lezi zici zisebenza kanjani ndawonye ukuze kubangele lesi sifo.
Izingozi Zezingozi
Yize noma ubani engase athole isifo sikaParkinson, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo. Izimo zeRisk asisho ukuthi umuntu uzothola isifo sikaParkinson, kuphela ukuthi ayengozini enkulu.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi isifo sikaParkinson esivame ukuvela kuzo zonke izinto, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi izici eziningana zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zenze izinguquko zobuchopho zibe ne-PD. Izingozi zengozi kaParkinson zifaka:
- Ubudala - isifo sika-Parkinson sivame kakhulu (nabantu abangamaphesenti angu-75 abathuthukisa lesi sifo ngemva kweminyaka yobudala engama-60) kuze kube yilapho beneminyaka engu-80, lapho sebeba khona futhi
- Ubulili - Amadoda angcono kakhulu ukuthuthukisa isifo sikaParkinson kunabesifazane
- Umjaho - abaseCaucasus banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-PD kunabase-Afrika baseMelika
- I-Genetics - Ukuba nomlando womndeni we-PD kwandisa ingozi yakho, kanti igalelo elilodwa ngokukhethekile lihlobene nokuqala kwesifo sikaParkinson
- Ukuvezwa kwamakhemikhali athile anobuthi
- Ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni (ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezivusa amadlingozi ezithinta i-dopamine ebuchosheni)
- Abantu abaye bahlaselwa ubuchopho obuhlungu
Izimpawu
Njengoba i-dopamine ngokuvamile ilawula umsebenzi we-muscle, isifo sika-Parkinson sithinta kakhulu ukunyakaza. Kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezingekho emotweni (ezingahambisani nokuhamba), njengezinkinga zemizwelo, ukulala, ukucabanga nokukhuluma.
Izimpawu zakudala zezimoto zesifo sikaParkinson zihlanganisa:
- Ukuhamba kancane - Igama elithi bradykinesia lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza lokhu kuhamba kancane
- Ukuqeda ukuthuthumela - Lezi zithuthumela zibizwa nangokuthi "ukuguqulwa kwamapill-rolling" njengoba kubonakala sengathi umuntu uhambisa iphilisi ezandleni zabo
- Ubuqotho
Eminyakeni yamuva kuye kwatholakala ukuthi izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikaParkinson zivame ukuba izimpawu ezingezona izimoto, nokuthi lezi zingase zibe iminyaka emihlanu ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ukuphazamiseka kokunyakaza kwesifo sikaParkinson.
Lezi zimpawu zokuqala ezingezona izimpawu zesifo sikaParkinson zihlanganisa:
- Ukulahlekelwa umuzwa wokuhogela (ukungasebenzi komsebenzi)
- Ukuqokwa
- Izinkinga zokulala zihlanganisa uhlobo olulodwa lokulala okungavamile okubizwa ngokuthi i-REM yokukhubazeka kokuziphatha. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kokulala kuhilela abantu abane-PD ngokuyisisekelo abenza amaphupho abo; ukushaya noma ukukhahlela noma umlingani wombhede ngokuphendula okwenzeka emaphupho abo
Ngaphandle kwezinkinga zokulala, ezinye izimpawu ezingezona izimpawu zesifo sikaParkinson zingabandakanya:
- Ukukhathala
- Ukukhathazeka kwemizwelo - Kuze kube yingxenye yabantu abane-PD bathuthukisa ukucindezeleka okukhulu kanti amaphesenti angu-30 kuya kwangu-40 abhekene nesifo sokukhathazeka
- Ukungasebenzi kahle nezinkinga zememori
Izinkinga zokukhuluma nge-Parkinson isifo eziningi, kepha zibaluleke kakhulu emphakathini, ngoba uma kuhlangene "nesimo esibucayi" sesifo sikaParkinson kungaba nzima ukuqonda ukuthi yini umuntu ophethe i-PD. Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zihlanganisa ukuphazanyiswa okubukwayo , izinkinga ze-urinary , nokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi.
Ukuxilongwa
Azikho izivivinyo ezingalingani zokuthola isifo sikaParkinson . Akukhona ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma ukuskena kobuchopho okungaqaphela ngokucacile ukuthi umuntu unesifo sika-Parkinson noma cha, futhi sitholwa ngesisekelo somlando wezimpawu nangemva kokuhlolwa kokucophelela kwezinzwa. Uma izimpawu zakho zezimoto (ukuthuthumela, ukuqina nokuhamba kancane) kungcono uma uthatha isilingo se- levodopa yezidakamizwa , cishe kungenzeka ukuthi une-PD.
Ukwelapha
Kukhona, okwamanje, akukho ukwelashwa kwe-PD, kodwa kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvivinywa kokwelashwa kubheka ngentshisekelo ukwelashwa okusha nezindlela ezintsha ziba khona ngonyaka ngamunye.
Izinketho zokwelapha izifo zikaPasinson zivame ukufaka inhlanganisela yezimo ezahlukene. Imithi yesifo sikaParkinson ihlanganisa i-dopamine yokwelashwa esikhundleni sokwaziswa kanye ne-dopamine agonists ngaphezu kweminye imithi eyenza ngendlela ehlukile. Ukukhushulwa kobuchopho obujulile buye kwabukwa ngokunyuka eminyakeni yamuva futhi kunolwazi lwaso lwezinzuzo nezingozi.
Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukwelashwa kwezimpawu ezihlobene nesifo sikaParkinson futhi, ngoba ezinye zazo zingaba nzima kakhulu. Isibonelo, abantu abaningi abanesifo bazofuna ukucabangela ukhetho lwezokwelapha lokucindezeleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa okunye , nakuba kungenakuguqula inqubo yesifo, kungasiza abantu ukuba babhekane nezinkinga eziningi ezihlobene nesifo.
Ukubhekana
Kungenzeka ukuthi uphile impilo esebenzayo ne-PD. Uma usebenzisa ngokunenzuzo ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu, gcina umshini wokuzivocavoca ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi udale futhi usebenzise inethiwekhi yokusekela uyokwandisa ikhono lakho lokuhlala uzimele futhi uphile impilo evamile. Khumbula ukuthi awusona isifo sakho. Funda okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka nge-PD futhi uvumele ukuthi wamukele usizo lwabanye uma uludinga.
Uma usanda kutholakala ukuthi une-PD, bheka lezi zinyathelo zokuqala zabantu ababhekene nesifo sikaParkinson .
Uma Othandekayo Wakho Ebonisiwe
Uma ngabe othandekayo wakho esanda kuthiwa enesifo sikaParkinson, akudingeki sitshele ukuthi i-PD yisifo somndeni. I-PD ingaba nomthelela omkhulu ebuhlotsheni . Lokhu kusho ukuthi, uma wena kanye nomthandi wakho nisebenza ndawonye futhi nilondoloza ukukhulumisana okuvulekile, ukuxilongwa kwe-PD kungaba yisikhathi sokuba imindeni isondelane futhi isebenze njengeqembu ekubhekaneni nokucindezeleka usuku nosuku.
Imithombo:
Kasper, uDennis, Anthony Fauci, uStephen Hauser, uDan Longo, noJameson. Izimiso zikaHarrison zeMithi yangaphakathi. I-New York: I-McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Phrinta.
Ilabhulali Kazwelonke Yezokwelapha yase-US. I-Medline Plus. Kubuyekezwe ngo-10/13/16. https://medlineplus.gov/parkinsonsdisease.html