Ososayensi namanje bazama ukuqonda ngokugcwele imbangela noma izimbangela zesifo se-Alzheimer . Okwamanje, kuyasiza ukuqonda izimpawu ze-Alzheimer's - izigxobo nezintambo - kanye nezici ezingozini ezithinta amathuba omuntu wokuthuthukisa lesi sifo.
Ama-Plaques nama-Tangles
Isifo se-Alzheimer sibhekene nokwakhiwa kwamaprotheni ebuchosheni.
Yize lokhu kungenakulinganiswa kumuntu ophilayo, izifundo eziningi ze-autopsy ziye zembula lo mkhuba. I-build-up ibonisa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Ama-plaques - ama-deposit we-protein- beta-amyloid eqoqa ezindaweni eziphakathi kwamangqamuzana omzimba
- Ama-tangles - idiphozi ye-protein tau eqoqa ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana omzimba
Ososayensi basacwaninga ukuthi ama-plaque kanye namathangathi ahlobene kanjani nesifo se-Alzheimer's. Enye inkolelo yokuthi bavimbela ikhono lamangqamuzana omgogodla ukuxhumana, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi amaseli asinde.
Ama-autopsies abonise ukuthi iningi labantu lakha amacwecwe nama-tangles njengoba bekhula, kodwa abantu abanokuthuthukiswa kwe-Alzheimer kakhulu kunelabo abangahlakuleli lesi sifo. Ososayensi abakwazi ukuthi kungani abanye abantu bekhula kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye. Kodwa-ke, kunezici eziningana zokubeka ingozi e-Alzheimer's disease eziye zavezwa.
Izinkinga Ze-Alzheimer's Risk
- Ubudala : Ukuguga kuyinkinga eyodwa yengozi yokuthuthukisa isifo se-Alzheimer's . Umuntu oyedwa kwabayisishiyagalombili abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65 unesifo se-Alzheimer's, kanti cishe umuntu oyedwa kwababili ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-85 unesifo se-Alzheimer's. Amathuba okuthola ukuthi une-Alzheimer cishe cishe kabili ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu emva kweminyaka engu-65.
- Umlando Womndeni : Abantu abanomzali noma umntakwethu owasungula isifo se-Alzheimerba amathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lesi sifo kunabo abangenawo umlando womndeni we-Alzheimer's. Uma ngaphezulu kwesinye isihlobo esiseduze sithintekile, ingozi iyanda nakakhulu.
Ososayensi baye baqaphela izinhlobo ezimbili zezakhi zofuzo ezihlotshaniswa nale nkinga engozini yomndeni. Owokuqala ucatshangwa ukuthi " ingosi yesandulela ngculazi," i- ApoE 4 , eyandisa amathuba okuthuthukisa i-Alzheimer's, kodwa ayiqinisekisi. Ngaphandle kwe-ApoE 4, ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi kungaba khona izakhi zofuzo ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili ezitholakalayo.
Uhlobo lwesibili lwezakhi zofuzo luyi "gene gene" futhi lukhulu kakhulu kunezakhi zofuzo. Izakhi ze-Deterministic zitholakala kuphela emindenini eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa emhlabeni wonke. Uma isakhi se-deterministic sizuze njengefa, umuntu ngokuqinisekile uzothuthukisa i-Alzheimer's, mhlawumbe eminyakeni yobudala kakhulu.
- Izindlela Zokuphila : Nakuba umlando weminyaka yobudala nomndeni ungasakwazi ukulawula, ososayensi baye baveza izinto eziningana zokuphila ezingathonya ingozi yomuntu yokudala isifo se-Alzheimer's. Ukuxhuma kutholakale phakathi kokulimala okukhulu kwekhanda nokuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo kwe-Alzheimer's , ngakho labo abenza izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifana nokugqoka amabhande esikhwameni nokungahlanganyeli emisebenzini lapho kunengozi enkulu yokuwa phansi kunenzuzo.
Ubufakazi bukhuphukela ekugqugquzelweni kokuzivocavoca nokudla okunempilo ukunciphisa ingozi ye-Alzheimer. Ukugwema ugwayi , ukunciphisa ukuphuza utshwala , ukuhlala unomphakathi, nokuzibandakanya emisebenzini yokuvuselela ngokwengqondo kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kunomphumela wokuzivikela olwa nesifo se-Alzheimer.
Okokugcina, kukhona ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwezempilo yenhliziyo kanye nempilo yengqondo . Labo abangenaso isifo senhliziyo noma izimo ezihlobene nabo basengozini encane yokuthuthukisa i-Alzheimer noma olunye uhlobo lomqondo wokugula komqondo kunalabo abanezinkinga zenhliziyo.
Imithombo:
"Isifo se-Alzheimer: Ukuhlukanisa imfihlakalo." I-National Institute yokuguga. Ngo-Agasti 29, 2006.
"Ucwaningo lwe-Alzheimer's Causes and Factors Risk". I-Fisher Centre ye-Alzheimer's Research Foundation. Ngo-Meyi 1, 2003. http://www.alzinfo.org/research/alzheimers-research-on-causes-and-risk-acactors
"Izakhi zofuzo, indlela yokuphila, kanye ne-crossword puzzle: Ingabe isifo se-Can Alzheimer singavinjelwa?" Izikhungo zezempilo zikazwelonke. 2005.
-I-Edited ngu-Esther Heerema, i-MSW, i-Alzheimer's's Disease Expert