Iningi lezingane - kanye nabantu abadala abadala - ku- autism spectrum bathola (okungenani!) Ukwelashwa kwenkulumo, ukwelashwa komsebenzi, ukwelapha umzimba, kanye nokwelashwa kwamakhono omphakathi. Abambalwa abanjalo babona abahlinzeka ngezinkinga ezinjengokuphazamiseka kokulala, izinkinga zokudla, noma ukuphathwa kwengqondo yokuzwa . Abaningi bathola ukwelashwa kwengqondo (okungaziwa ngokuthi ukululekwa) ngezinkinga ezifana nokukhathazeka kwemizwa, ukukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iningi labantu abasha abane-autism nabo bathola izindlela zokwelashwa ezihlukahlukene ezifana ne-Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) kanye nama-offshoots amaningi; izinyathelo zokuthuthukiswa ezifana ne-Floortime ne-RDI; noma "izindlela zokwelashwa eziphilayo" ezifana nokuxhaswa okunomsoco, i-hyperbaric oxygen, kanye ne-chelation (ukususwa kwezinsimbi ezisindayo emzimbeni).
Yikuphi kulawa, ongase uzibuze, ingabe "i-autism therapy?" Yikuphi kulawa okuphatha i-autism njengayo yonke?
Ayikho Ukwelashwa Okungavamile Kwe-Autism
Eqinisweni (ukumangala!), Akukho ukwelashwa olulodwa noma ukwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi "ukwelashwa kwe-autism" Kungenxa yokuthi:
- I-Autism akuyona ingxenyana yodwa engaphathwa ngelashwa olulodwa noma iphilisi. Esikhundleni salokho, iqoqo lezimpawu ezihluka kakhulu kusuka komunye nomuntu.
- Kunezimbangela ezimbalwa eziyaziwayo ze-autism, kodwa akekho ozokwelapha nge-one orrapy eyodwa noma iphilisi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukutholakala kokubeletha kokubeletha kwezinye izidakamizwa ezithile kanye nezinye izifo zofuzo.
- Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela ye-autism ayaziwa - ngakho-ke, nakuba kunezindlela eziningi zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo zokwelapha izimpawu, ayikho ukwelashwa okungabhalwa ukuphulukisa lesi sifo.
Odokotela abavame ukubhekisela emithonjeni ejwayelekile ebizwa ngokuthi inkulumo, ukwelapha emsebenzini (uhlobo oluhloswe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza ngokomzimba), noma ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ngokuthi "ukwelashwa kwe-autism," nakuba lezi zindlela zokwelashwa cishe zihlinzekwa njalo kubantu abane-autism.
Lokhu akusho ngoba abaphumelelanga - eqinisweni, ngokuvamile bayasebenza ngempela ekuphatheni izimpawu ezithile ze-autism. Kodwa azange zakhiwe ngokukhethekile ukuphatha i-autism, futhi aziklanyelwe ukuba zilaphe.
Ngokufanayo, ukwelashwa okunomsoco, ukuqonda, kanye nemithi yokwelapha, kuyilapho kungasiza ekubhekaneni nezimpawu ezithile ze-autism (noma izinkinga ezihlobene) azivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ukwelashwa kwe-autism." Njengezokwelapha ezichazwe ngenhla, lezi zisetshenziselwa izinkinga eziningi ezahlukene; azizange zenziwe nge-autism ikakhulukazi.
I-ABA Nezinye Ezokuthuthukiswa Kwezokwelapha
Esikhathini esiningi, lapho abantu bebheka "ukwelashwa kwe-autism," bakhuluma nge-ABA noma ngezinqubo zokwelapha noma zezokwelapha ezihloswe ukuxazulula izimpawu ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-autism: izinselelo zenhlalo nezenhlalo, ukuziphatha okuphindaphindiwe, nezinselele zokuzwa. Ngokuthakazelisayo, noma kunjalo, ngisho nalezi zindlela zokwelashwa ekuqaleni zaqala ukuphathwa nge-autism!
I-ABA, ukwelashwa okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ukwelashwa kwe-autism," kuvela ekuguqulweni kokuziphatha - indlela endala kakhulu yokufundisa ukuziphatha okufanele ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokuvuza nemiphumela. Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha sekusetshenziselwe amashumi eminyaka ngezinhloso eziningi.
Eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu edlule noma ngaphezulu, noma kunjalo, ishintshiwe futhi yandiswa ngokuphawulekayo ukufundisa ukuziphatha okufanelekile kubantwana abane-autism, ngokuvamile, abangafundile ngokulingisa noma ngokusebenzisa isilingo nesiphambeko.
Izindlela zokwelapha ezithuthukisayo (kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezithile zomsebenzi wokudlala kanye nokudlala ) zenzelwe ukusiza izingane ezinenkinga ehlukahlukene ngokomzwelo nokuthuthukiswa ukuhlanganyela nabanye ngendlela enhle nokwakha amakhono okuxhumana nokusebenzisana. Njengo-ABA, ukwelashwa kwentuthuko kuye kwavela kancane emashumini ambalwa edlule ukusiza ngokukhethekile izidingo zezingane ezine-autism.
I-floortime, i-SCERTS, ne-RDI yizo zonke izikhukhula zezokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe eziye zaguqulwa futhi zahlanganiswa ukwelashwa kwe-autism.
Ukwelashwa okubambe iqhaza, okuye kwavame kakhulu futhi kuyathandwa eminyakeni yamuva, akuyona "i-autism therapy" noma. Ngempela i-offshoot ye-therapy yokusebenza okwakushintshwe ukusiza abantu (autistic noma cha) abangaphezu kwe-or-sensitive ukukhanya, umsindo, iphunga, njalonjalo.
Ingabe konke okuthuthukiswe kuphela ukuphatha i-autism? Impendulo ingu-yebo-kodwa, mhlawumbe akumangalisi neze ukuthi ukwelashwa nokwelashwa okuthuthukiswe ngokukhethekile ukuphatha i-autism kuncike ekutheni kuphindwe kahle, futhi kuyinkinga enkulu. Lezi zivela ekungeneni okuyingqayizivele okuhlobene nombono, ukuzwa, kanye nemithi yamakhemikhali (ama-detox, ukuhlanganiswa okuhlolisisiwe, njll) ekungenelelweni kwabantu okufana ne-Sonrise, "Ukuphendula Okusheshayo," nokunye.
Yebo, lezi zakhiwe ngokukhethekile ukuphatha i-autism. Zimbalwa zalezi zindlela zokwelapha ziye zacwaningwa kahle; akukho okwamanje okubhekwa njengokwelashwa okujwayelekile (noma ukwelapha) i-autism.