Ukuhlela ngokuzithandela? Nakuba uzoba nomthelela emphakathini ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi wokuzithandela, umphakathi awuhlali njalo unomusa ekunakekeleni izisebenzi zokuzithandela njengoba kunakekela ekusebenzeni kwabasebenzi abakhokhelwayo. Nakuba abantu abadala abangama-55% base-United States babenomshuwalense wezempilo oxhaswe ngumqashi ngo-2013, musa ukubheka inhlangano yakho yokuzithandela enikeza umshuwalense wezempilo.
Nakuba ezinye izinhlangano zokuvolontiya ezinkulu ezixhasiwe kahle, eziningi azikwazi.
Uma uzozinikela ngokuzithandela, awudingi nje umshuwalense wezempilo, udinga kancane i-savvy ukuhamba ezweni eliyinkimbinkimbi yemithetho yomshuwalense wezempilo. Uma ungumhlali wezomthetho wase-US, noma ngabe ungumuntu wesakhamuzi, uMthetho Wokunakekelwa Onganakekelwayo udinga ukuthi unomshuwalense wezempilo ohlangabezana nencazelo yobunikazi obuncane obalulekile. Uma ungenjalo, kungase kudingeke ukhokhe intela yentela , ukukhokhelwa komuntu ngamunye okwabelwana ngawo .
Funda ukuthi isijeziso sakho singakanani . Bona ukuthi ungase ukhululeke esihlalweni .
Nazi izinketho zakho zokuthola umshuwalense wezempilo njengesivolontiya.
Volunteer for Inhlangano Ehlinzeka Ngomshuwalense Wezempilo
Ezinye izinhlangano zokuvolontiya ezinkulu, ezaziwa kahle, ezixhasiwe kahle zinikeza izisebenzi zokuzithandela zesikhathi esigcwele ngemshuwalense wezempilo. I-Peace Corps, i-AmeriCorps, i-Lutheran Volunteer Corps, nezinhlangano ezingamalungu e-Catholic Volunteer Network ziphakathi kwazo.
Uma ukhetha ukuzitholela inhlangano enikeza izinzuzo zomshuwalense wezempilo, cela ukuthi umshwalense wezempilo uhlangabezana yini nezimfuneko zikaMnyango wezoKwelapha ezinganakekelwayo ukuze kutholakale ukutholakala okungenani okubalulekile . Uma kungenjalo futhi ungumhlali wezomthetho wase-US, kuzodingeka uthole ukuhlanganiswa okuhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziphansi ezibalulekile, ukuxazulula inkinga yenkokhelo yentela ngokuyikhokhela noma ukukhipha isijeziso.
I-Medicaid
I-medicaid uhlelo lwezenhlalakahle lukahulumeni olunikeza umshuwalense wezempilo kwezinye izakhamuzi zase-US ezincane. Njengoba i-Medicaid ilawulwa yi-states, i-Medicaid ihluke kumbuso kuya kwesimo. Ezimweni eziningi, kungenzeka ukuthi ufanelekele iMedicaid uma imali yakho engenayo ingu-138% wezinga lobuphofu lombuso noma liphansi.
Kodwa-ke, i-Medicaid ayinikezi njalo izinzuzo kulabo abahamba ngaphandle kwensimu yabo yokuhlanganisa indawo. Uma ngabe i-Medicaid yakho yombuso isebenza kanje futhi uhlela ukuzinikela ngaphandle kwezwe, i-Medicaid ngeke ikusize okuningi ngaphandle kokuthi ubuyele esimweni esihlinzeka nge-Medicaid ukunikeza usizo uma udinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Umshwalense Wezempilo Wesikhashana
Uhlelo lwezempilo lwesikhashana lungathengwa ngqo kusuka kwenkampani yomshuwalense wezempilo noma nge-broker. Izinhlelo zezempilo zesikhathi esifushane zinikeza ukuhlinzekwa isikhathi esithile kuze kufike ezinyangeni eziyisithupha futhi ngeke zivuselelwe. Kwamanye amazwe uthi, ungathenga enye i-short-term plan lapho uhlelo lwakho lokuqala luphelelwa yisikhathi, ngaleyo ndlela linikeza ngempumelelo unyaka wokubika. Kwamanye amazwe, awukwazi ukuthenga emuva nokubuya emuva kwekhasi elifushane; uzobe ukhawulelwe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokufaka.
Izinkokhelo zivame ukwehlisa izinqubomgomo zesikhathi esifushane kunezokwelapha ezinkulu, kepha kunezizathu ukuthi lezi zindleko zibiza imali engaphansi kokufakwa okuphelele.
Amapulani wesikhathi esifushane akudingeki ahambisane nawo wonke amandla okuvikelwa kwabathengi kuMthetho Wokunakekelwa Ongabizi kahle. Lokhu kusho umshwalense wezempilo wesikhathi esifushane kusengaphansi kokubhalwe phansi; ungayithola ingabandakanyi izimo zakho zezokwelapha ezikhona ngaphambili noma ukhokhise amaphrimiyamu aphezulu ngenxa yabo. Kungabiza ngaphezulu kubantu asebekhulile kunabantu abasha. Kungabeka umkhawulo ophezulu ukuthi uzokhokha malini uma kwenzeka ugula noma ulimele, futhi kungase kungabandakanyi ukuhanjiswa kwezinhlobo ezithile zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Isibonelo, ukuxoshwa okuvamile ukunakekelwa kwababelethi.
Ngenxa yalezi zimfanelo, umshwalense wezempilo wesikhashana awukwanelisi igunya lokubambisana lokubambisana lokunciphisa okungenani eliphansi; uzobe usadingeka ukubhekana nesigwebo sentela.
Ukuhamba Umshwalense
Uma kufanele uhambe ibanga elide ukuze ufinyelele indawo yakho yesevisi yokuzithandela, cabangela umshuwalense wokuhamba . Nakuba umshuwalense wokuhamba uhlanganisa izinto ezifana nemithwalo elahlekile nezindleko ezengeziwe ezenziwa ngenxa yokulibaziseka kokuhamba, izinhlelo eziningi zomshuwalense wokuhamba zifaka ukhetho lokuhlinzeka ngezokwelapha.
Njengomshwalense wezempilo wesikhashana, ingxenye yomshuwalense wokuhamba ngezokwelapha ayihambisani nayo yonke imithetho ye-Affordable Care Act. Kungase kungabandakanyi izimo ezikhona ngaphambili, ngaphandle kokushicilelwa kwezinhlobo ezithile zezinkinga zezokwelapha, futhi unciphise ukukhokha okuphezulu. Isibonelo, kuvamile umshwalense wokuhamba ukukhipha ukuthunyelwa kokulimala okuhlobene nokuhlanganyela emidlalweni eyingozi kakhulu njenge-bungee jumping kanye ne-kiteboarding.
Inzuzo enkulu enkulu yomshuwalense wokuhamba: ingase ihlanganise ukuthuthwa kokuphuma. Lokhu kutholakala kuzosiza ukukhokhela izindleko ezihlobene nokukuhambisa endaweni eyikude esibhedlela esakwazi ukwelapha ukugula noma ukulimala kwakho. Ngezinye izikhathi ungathuthukisa le nzuzo ukuze unikezele ukuthunyelwa kokuthutha hhayi nje esibhedlela esiseduze esingakwazi ukunakekela, kodwa esibhedlela ozikhethelayo. Isibonelo, uma uzinikela enkabeni ye-Afrika, lokhu kuhlanganisa kungenza umahluko phakathi kokuthunyelwa esibhedlela endaweni enkulu yabantu ezweni lakho lokuzithandela, uthuthelwa esibhedlela ezweni elithuthukile eliseduzane njengeNingizimu Afrika, noma ubuyiselwe esibhedlela ezweni lakini.
Kodwa-ke, futhi, umshuwalense wokuhamba awugculisi igunya lika-Affordable Care Act ukuze ube nomshwalense ogcwele wempilo yomshwalense.
Ukuphepha Ngaphansi Komshuwalense Wezempilo Welungu Lomndeni
Uma uneminyaka engaphansi kweminyaka engu-26 kanti omunye wabazali bakho uhlala e-United States futhi unomshuwalense wezempilo ophelele, ungase ukwazi ukuthola umshuwalense wezempilo ngaphansi kwecebo lakhe. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ukuthi uhlala nabazali bakho noma cha noma ngabe ushadile noma cha. Uma usuqale u-26, kuzodingeka uthole okunye ukufaka, kodwa uzoba nezinketho .
Uma ushada futhi umlingani wakho unomshuwalense wezempilo, bheka ukuthi uthola umbiko ngaphansi kwepulani lakhe lempilo. Abanye abaqashi baze bakwazi ngisho nokunciphisa izindleko zama-premium zenyanga zabashadile babo.
Ngombili kokukhethwa kukho, uma uzobe usuka kuleli zwe ngenkonzo yakho yokuzithandela, uphenye ukuthi umshwalense usephatha kanjani ukugula noma ukulimala okuvela phesheya. Ezinye izikhalo eziphuthumayo kuphela, ezinye azihlinzeki ngezimali kuzo zonke izindawo, futhi ezinye zihlinzeke ngokuqhathaniswa okugcwele kodwa kuphela uma uke wahlala phesheya isikhathi esilinganiselwe.
Izindaba ezinhle mayelana naloluhlobo lokufakaza: uma umzali wakho noma umlingani wakho eqala umsebenzi wakhe, cishe ngokubaluleka kokubaluleka okubalulekile. Ngeke udinge ukubhekana nesigwebo.
Obamacare
Uma ungumuntu wesakhamuzi noma ohlala ngokomthetho wase-United States, cabanga ngokubhalisa ohlelweni lwe- Obamacare oluthengiswa nge-Equity Affordable Care Act yomshuwalense wezempilo . Yonke yalezi zinhlelo zibalwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yokuhlinzeka futhi inikeze izinzuzo eziphelele ngaphandle kwemingcele ngokuthi bangakhokhela kangakanani ekunakekelweni kwezempilo.
Ukwengeza, ungase ufanelekele usizo lokukhokha umshuwalense wezempilo oyithengayo ngokushintshanisa kombuso wakho. Uhulumeni unikezela ngemali yokwenza umshuwalense wezempilo ube namandla kakhulu kulabo abanezinzuzo ezingamaphesenti angama-400% wezinga lobuphofu elisemaphandleni noma ngezansi. Kukhona ngisho nezinsizakalo zokusiza ukukhokhela ama-deductibles nama-copays kubantu abanemali engaphansi kuka-250% wezinga lobuphofu.
Funda Isifinyezo ngasinye sezinzuzo nokuPhepha ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uzoba nesigcawu uma uhlela ukuphuma ezweni, iningi labo alinikeli ukuxhumana lapho behamba phesheya. Uma uhlelo olucabangayo luhlelo lokunakekelwa oluphethwe , bheka ngokucophelela kunethiwekhi yomhlinzeki ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uzokwazi ukuthola abahlinzeki endaweni yomsebenzi wokuzithandela.
I-Obamacare Ukuphazamiseka Okumangalisayo
Uma uneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-30 ubudala futhi isakhamuzi noma ummeli wezomthetho wase-US, uvumelekile ukuthenga uhlelo lwezempilo oluyingozi kwi-Care Affordable Care Act yakho yomshuwalense wezempilo. Izinhlelo ezimbi zingase zibe nezishibhile kunezinhlelo zempilo ezivamile kodwa zinezinzuzo eziphakeme kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi i-deductible iphezulu kakhulu, lezi zinhlelo zifanelana kakhulu nalabo abangalindele ukuthi badinga ukusebenzisa umshwalense wabo wezempilo, noma labo abanamali amakhulu angakwazi ukukhokhela izinkulungwane zamaRandi ngaphandle kwephaketheni ukuze bathole ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngaphambi kokuba umshwalense wabo wezempilo ungene.
Uma uneminyaka engama-30 ubudala noma ngaphezulu, awuvamile ukuthenga uhlelo oluyingozi. Kodwa-ke, okungafani nalesi simiso kuvumela ukuthi labo abaneminyaka engama-30 nangaphezulu bakwazi ukuthenga uhlelo olubi uma beqala ukuthola ukukhishwa kanzima emholweni womshuwalense wezempilo.
COBRA
Uma njengamanje unomshuwalense wezempilo ngomsebenzi wakho, ngisho nangemva kokuba ushiye umsebenzi wakho ungase uvumelekile ukuqhubeka nokukhishwa kwazezinyanga ezingu-18 ngokusebenzisa ukufakwa kwe- COBRA . Ngaphansi kwe-COBRA, uzokhokha ingxenye ye-premium eyayivame ukuphuma kuzo zonke izinkokhelo zakho kanye nengxenye ye-premium umqashi wakho osetshenziselwa ukukhokha. Ukwengeza, uzokhokha imali engu-2% yokuphatha.
Abaphathi be-COBRA abakwazi ukusikaza kakhulu ngezinkokhelo zamuva; uma ngabe usuqedile ukukhokhelwa, ungalahlekelwa ukubhuka kwakho kwe-COBRA unomphela.
Uma Uzinikela Ngaphandle Kweminyaka Yonyaka noma ngaphezulu
Uma uzinikela ngaphandle kwe-United States unyaka noma ngaphezulu, ungase uthole ukukhululeka kwenzela yentela yokungaqinisekisiwe. Labo abasezweni langaphandle noma emazweni okungenani izinsuku ezingu-330 zonyaka bangase bakwazi ukukhululwa emthethweni wokuba nomshuwalense wezempilo.
Imithetho elawula lokhu kuxoxwa iyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho khuluma nomeluleki wakho wentela ngaphambi kokucabanga ukuthi uzofaneleka. Kuzodingeka uhlangabezane nezindinganiso ezibekwe ngokuthi "ukuhlolwa komzimba" ku- IRS Publication 54 , Umhlahlandlela Wentela wezakhamuzi zase-US kanye nabahlali bamazwe angaphandle.
Amanye amazwe avumela labo abavakashele ngaphansi kwezinhlobo ezithile ze-visa isikhathi esiningi ukuthenga kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-inshuwalense yezempilo yezwe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lolu khetho luzotholakala nokuthi luhlobo luni lomshwalense wezempilo olutholakala luzohluka ngokuphawulekayo kusuka ezweni lonke.
Uma uthola lokhu kuyindlela enhle kuleli zwe lapho uzoba isisebenzi sokuzithandela sesikhathi eside, uphenye ukufakwa kwekhwalithi kanye nekhwalithi yokunakekelwa kwezempilo etholakalayo ezweni lakho lokusingatha ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuba wenze.
Zibuze ukuthi ngabe uzokwaneliseka yini ukunakekelwa ezweni lakho lokubamba iqhaza uma uzogula kakhulu noma ulimale kakhulu. Uma ungathanda ukubuyela ekhaya kuleso simo, khona-ke uzodinga uhlelo lokubhekana nokuthi uzokhokha kanjani ukuphuma ekhaya nokuthi uzokhokha kanjani ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuqhubekayo emuva e-United States uma uhlelo lomshuwalense wezempilo lomhlaba wezwe ngeke lukufihle lapho ubuya.