Umdlavuza we -roid uvame ukutholakala kanjani? Ukuxilongwa okuphelele futhi okuphelele komdlavuza wegciwane kuhilela izinqubo nezinhlolo eziningana.
Sibutsetelo
Ngokuvamile, inqubo yokuhlola umdlavuza we -roid iqala ngendwangu noma isigunci emgodini. Ungawuthola wena, noma ukwazi ukukubona. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angayithola lapho ehambisa intamo yakho.
Kuyinto evamile kakhulu ukuze uthole ama-nodules we-thyroid uma uthola ama-x-ray ekhanda noma entanyeni. Kukhona ngisho nezimo zabakhandi bezinwele eziqaphela ama-nodules e-thyroid.
Ungenza ukuhlolwa kwekhaya ukusiza ukuthola ama-nodules. I- "Check Neck Check" ayikho ecacile, futhi ayikhipha ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi une-nodule, kepha uma ama-nodules eseduze nombuso noma omkhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale ngalesi sivivinyo esilula.
Ukuhlolwa Kwemvelo
Udokotela wakho kufanele ahlole ngokucophelela ngokomzimba. Lokhu kuhlolwa kufanele kufaka phakathi i-palpation ye-thyroid yakho, lapho udokotela ezwa khona ngokukhulisa nokugcoba emgodini wakho we-thyroid, futhi uhlola usayizi we-gland, ne-asymmetry, nokuqina. Udokotela uzophinde abheke noma iyiphi i-lymph nodes ekhulisiwe entanyeni yakho nasezindaweni ezizungezile.
Khumbula ukuthi ama-nodules we-thyroid ajwayelekile kakhulu. Kodwa iningi liyizinhle. Ngokusho kwe-American Cancer Society, ama-nodules angaphansi kuka-1 kwangu-10 anesifo somdlavuza.
Ungathola imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nokunye ukuhlolwa okubalulekile kulesi sihloko kulokho okuya ekuhlolweni kokuhlolwa komtholampilo we-thyroid .
I-Biopsy
Odokotela bavame ukuphikisana nodokotela we-thyroid osolisayo, ukuhlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini umdlavuza. Ama-nodules we-thyroid ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa inaliti, ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi "i- goodlear aspiration biopsy " - ngezinye izikhathi i-FNA efingqiwe.
Ezinye iziguli zine-biopsy yokuhlinzwa, lapho i-nodule, noma i-gland gland ngokwayo, isuswe ngokuhlinzwa. Kwezinye izimo, i-biopsy "yi-ultrasound-eqondiswa" ukuze isiguli singathathwa ngokunemba ngokunembile ngudokotela noma we-pathologist okwenza i-biopsy.
Ungafunda le- Q & A kwi-Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy ye-Thyroid ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nenqubo ye-FNA biopsy.
Qaphela: Isivivinyo esisha esitholakalayo kusukela ngo-2011, esibizwa nge- Veracyte Afirma Thyroid Analysis , sichitha imiphumela engapheli noma engavumelani ne-thyroid ye-nodule biopsy.
Ukuhlolwa kwezilingo
Ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene nokucatshangelwayo kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ama-nodules we-thyroid ngomdlavuza we-thyroid. Lokhu kufaka:
- Iskenazi ye-nyukliya, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-radioactive iodine uptake (RAI-U). Kulesi sivivinyo, unikezwa umthamo we-traceable radioactive, olandelwa ukuskena. Ama-neodules athola iodine engaphezulu yomsakazo, ngakho-ke abonakala kakhulu, avele ekuskena. Lezi ziyaziwa ngokuthi "ama-nodules ashisayo" futhi kungenzeka ukuthi zingabonakali.
- I-CT scan, ebizwa ngokuthi i-computed tomography noma "i-cat scan," iyindlela ekhethekile ye-x-ray ngezinye izikhathi esetshenziselwa ukuhlola i-thyroid. I-scan ye-CT ayikwazi ukuthola ama-nodules amancane, kodwa ingasiza ekutholeni nasekuhloleni i-goiter, noma ama-nodules amakhulu kakhulu wegciwane.
- Ukucabanga kwe-resonance magnetic (MRI), kungasiza ekutholeni ukwandiswa kwegciwane lakho le-thyroid, kanye nama-tumor, nosayizi we-tumor. I-MRI ingasiza futhi ekutholeni ukusabalala kwezidumbu.
- I-ultrasound ye-Thyroid ingabonisa ukuthi i-nodule igcwele i-cyst noma i-mass of tishu eziqinile, kodwa ayikwazi ukucacisa ukuthi ngabe i-nodule noma i-lump iyingozi yini.
Ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokucwaninga izivivinyo ze-thyroid kufakwe kulesi sihloko ngokuhlolwa kwe- Thyroid Imaging .
Izivivinyo zegazi
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi akukwazi ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza we-thyroid uqobo, noma ukuthola isifo somdlavuza we-cancer. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-Thyroid okuvuselela i-hormone (TSH), kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola umsebenzi we-thyroid nokuhlolwa kwe-hypothyroidism noma i-hyperthyroidism.
Uma kucatshangwa ukuthi umdlavuza we-thyroid isiguli, odokotela bazovame ukuhlola amazinga aphezulu e-calcium, njengoba lokhu kungaba yinkomba. Bangase bahlole ukuhlolwa kofuzo ukuze bahlonze igesi elingavamile elihlotshaniswa nezinye izimo zempilo yomdlavuza wegciwane.
Laryngosocopy
Ngokuvamile, uma isisindo se-thyroid siseduze nebhokisi lakho lezwi, elibizwa ngokuthi i-larynx, i-laryngoscopy izokwenziwa. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhilela ukufaka ithubhu eliguquguqukayo elikhanyayo ukuze ubheke i-larynx yakho ekukhuliseni okukhulu.
Ulwazi oluningi nge-Cancer Cancer
Thola okungaphezulu mayelana nezingozi zekhanda le-thyroid , kanye nezimpawu zesifo somdlavuza we-thyroid .
Imithombo:
> Braverman, MD, Lewis E., noRobert D. Utiger, MD. Werner and Ingbar's The Thyroid: Umbhalo Eyisisekelo Nezokwelapha. 9th ed., Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW), 2005.
> I-National Cancer Institute - I-Cancer Cancer Page
> Okudingeka Ukwazi Ngomdlavuza We-Thyroid, iNational Cancer Institute
> I-American Cancer Society: Umhlahlandlela weChroid Cancer
> Association of Survivors Survivors Association (ThyCa)