Isifo nokuvama kweCancer Cancer e-United States
Kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile ukuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu yisisusa esivame kakhulu sokubulawa komdlavuza e-United States nokuthi owesilisa oyedwa kwabayishumi nabesifazane abangu-1 kwabayisithathu bazoba nomdlavuza ngesikhathi sabo sokuphila. Kodwa liyini ithuba lokuthi wena ngokwakho uzokuthuthukisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu? Yiqiniso, umlando wokubhema uphakamisa izinkinga, kodwa kunezimbangela eziningi zomdlavuza wamaphaphu ngaphesheya kokubhema.
Yeka indlela ejwayelekile ngayo i-Cancer Overall in the United States ?
Uma ukhuluma ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu kubalulekile ukuqala ukuhlukanisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu oyinhloko kumdlavuza oqala kwezinye izifunda zomzimba futhi usakaze emaphashini. Imdlavuza eminingi isakazeka emaphashini, njengomdlavuza webele, umdlavuza wekoloni, umdlavuza wesifo sofuba, nomdlavuza wezinso. Kulesi simo, umdlavuza uzobizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza wophiko lomdlavuza oqala kuwo, imetastatic kuya emaphashini. Isibonelo, umdlavuza oqala ebelethweni bese usakazeka emaphashini angeke ubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa kunalokho isifo somdlavuza esiyinhloko samabele emaphashini. Lesi sihloko sibhekisela kuphela kwinani labantu abathintekayo abanomdlavuza oyinhloko wamaphaphu , hhayi kulabo abanomdlavuza we- metastatic kuya emaphashini.
E-United States, umdlavuza wamaphaphu unesibopho sokufa okuhlobene nomdlavuza kunanoma yimuphi omunye umdlavuza. Ngonyaka ka-2015 kulindeleke ukuthi abantu abayi-221 200 bazokwakha umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kanti abangu-158 040 bazofa ngesifo.
Ingozi yokuphila ukuthi indoda izokwakha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ingu-1 ngo-13, kuyilapho lokho kwabesifazane kungu-1 ku-16 . I-cancer yesifo somdlavuza iyingxenye engu-13 yawo yonke imithi yokuhlola umdlavuza kanye namaphesenti angu-27 azo zonke izifo zomdlavuza. Inani lokufa komdlavuza wamaphaphu emadodeni liye lahleka eminyakeni yamuva, kanti lokho kwabesifazane kuye kwaqina.
Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuthola isifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu sinama- 72, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa, umphumela wesifo somdlavuza osemusha osemncane, akalokothi uphuze abesifazane besanda kwanda eminyakeni yamuva.
Yeka indlela ejwayelekile ngayo umdlavuza wamangqamu emhlabeni jikelele?
Emhlabeni wonke, umdlavuza wamaphaphu uwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza, cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.8 abaye bathola ukuthi ngo-2012 (ngonyaka odlule esinezibalo ezitholakalayo.) Ukubhema kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yomdlavuza wamaphaphu emadodeni emhlabeni wonke, kodwa amaphesenti angu-50 abesifazane abanomdlavuza wephaphu emhlabeni jikelele abazange bapheze.
Yeka Indlela Ejwayelekile Yomshukela We-Lung Kwabantu Abangena Umusi?
Ngokusobala ukubhema kuyinhloko engozini yomdlavuza wamaphaphu futhi kucatshangwa ukuthi kunesibopho sokungenani okungama-80% wamanqamu wamaphaphu atholakele e-United States. Ingozi iyanda ngesikhathi sokubhema ekhuliswa inani elibhema nsuku zonke, okubizwa ngokuthi "iminyaka emiphakathini " yokubhema . Ukuyeka ukubhema kunciphisa ingozi, futhi ukuyeka ukuhlolwa kwesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu kuthuthukisa ukusinda kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila.
Kukhona idatha encane ehlukanisa ingozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu phakathi kwabokubhema nabangabhemi e-US, kodwa izifundo kwamanye amazwe ziye zahlola lokhu ngokujulile.
Ngocwaningo luka-2006 lwaseYurophu, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kwakuyi:
- Amaphesenti angu-0.2 yamadoda angakaze aphume (amaphesenti angu-0.4 wabesifazane)
- Amaphesenti angu-5.5 wabesilisa ababhemayo (amaphesenti angu-2.6 kwabesifazane)
- Amaphesenti angu-15.9 wamanje abesilisa abesilisa (amaphesenti angu-9.5 wabesifazane)
- Amaphesenti angama-24,4 abesilisa ababhemayo abanzi "ababhema ngaphezulu kuka-5 kagwayi ngosuku (amaphesenti angu-18.5 wabesifazane)
Ukucwaninga kwasekuqaleni kweCanada kucaphuna ingozi yokuphila kwabasilisa ababhemayo ngesikhathi sokuphila ngamaphesenti angu-17,2 (amaphesenti angu-11,6 kwabesifazane) ngokulinganiselwa ku-1.3% kuphela kubantu abesilisa ababhemayo (1.4 amaphesenti kwabesifazane abangabhemi).
Yeka indlela ejwayelekile ngayo umdlavuza we-Lung ku-Non-Smokers?
Enye yezingane eziyishumi eziphezulu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu wukuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu uvele kubantu ababhema.
Lokho akulona iqiniso. Eqinisweni, umdlavuza wamaphaphu kubantu abangakaze baphuze yizimbangela eziyishumi eziphezulu zokufa komdlavuza e-United States. Ngesikhathi samanje, iningi labantu elihlolwe ngabangewona abokubhema-okusho ukuthi baphuze esikhathini esedlule futhi bayeka (abababhema ngaphambili,) noma bangabhemi.
Amaphesenti angu-10-15 abantu abakha umdlavuza wamaphaphu akakaze abhema, kanti amaphesenti angu-20 abesifazane abesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu abahlali abangapheli kuze kube phakade. Leli phuzu elibaluleke kakhulu: noma ubani onamaphaphu angathola umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Hlola ezinye zezimbangela zomdlavuza wamaphaphu kwabangewona abokubhema , ikakhulukazi ingozi yokutholakala kwe-radon ekhaya , ukubona ukuthi yini ongayenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho.
Bangaki Abasinda Ngomdlavuza We-Cancer Ekhona E-United States?
Kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2014, kwakunabangu-430,090 abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu abahlala e-United States, abamele amaphesenti amathathu abesifazane abanomdlavuza kanye namaphesenti amathathu wamadoda anomdlavuza. Eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule, kwenziwa ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo kokubili ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi inani labantu basinde futhi lihlale ngaphesheya komdlavuza wamaphaphu lizophuthuma kakhulu esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. I-Cancer Treatment kanye ne-Survivorship Facts and Figures 2014-2015. Ifinyelele ngo-08/19/15. http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@research/documents/document/acspc-042801.pdf
> I-American Cancer Society. I-Cancer Lung (I-Cell Non-Small). Kubuyekezwe 03/04/15. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/lungcancer-non-smallcell/detailedguide/non-sall-cell-lung-cancer-key-statistics
> Brennan, P. et al. Ingozi Ephakeme Ekhulayo Ye-Cancer Lung Ukufa Phakathi Kwabasodi Abangaboni Nabaduni EYurophu Ephakathi neMpumalanga. I-American Journal of Epidemiology . 2006. 164 (12): 1233-1241.
> Villeneuve, P. no-U. Mao. Amathuba okuphila okuqhubeka nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ngokuma ukubhema, eCanada. I-Canadian Journal of Health Public . 1994. 85 (6): 385-8.
> I-World Cancer Research Fund International. Izibalo ze-Cancer Lung. Ifinyelele ngo-08/30/15. http://www.wcrf.org/int/cancer-facts-figures/data-specific-cancers/lung-cancer-statistics