I-Thyroidectomy: Ukuhlinzwa ukuze Susa i-Gland Gland

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Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Thyroid

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-thyroidectomy, kuyinkqubo yokususa konke noma ingxenye yengubo ye-thyroid. Lokhu kwenziwa ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kusukela kumdlavuza we-teyroid kuya ekukhuliseni okungenakuqhathaniswa. Inqubo yokuhlinza iyahlukahluka ngokusekelwe esimweni esithinta i-thyroid nokuthi ingakanani ye-thyroid okufanele isuswe.

Ingubo yegciwane ihlotshaniswa ne-butterfly futhi ihlala phansi emqaleni. Kungase kuvezwe ekuhlolweni ezikhathini eziningi, kepha ngokuvamile akubonakali ekuboneni okungajwayelekile. Uma i-thyroid ikhulisiwe, ingase ibonakale kakhulu, kwezinye izimo ibe yibukhulu bebhola legolfu. Ezigulini eziningi, kunezinhlayiya ezine ezihambisana ne-gland gland, ebizwa ngokuthi "izigulane ezibucayi." Nakuba igama lifana nelokhu ye-thyroid, imisebenzi ye-thyroid ne-parathyroid ihluke kakhulu.

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Izinkinga ze-Thyroid

Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zezinkinga ze-thyroid ezenza ukuhlinzwa kudingekile. Izinkinga ze-thyroid ezivame kakhulu ziyi-hypothyroidism ne-hyperthyroidism, enezinkinga ngesilinganiso se-hormone esivimbela igundane. Izinkinga ezimbili ezengeziwe ezenza ukwelashwa kwe-thyroid kudingekile yizifo ezikhulisa i-thyroid nomdlavuza we-thyroid.

I-thyroid ifihla ama-hormone amabili, thyroxine (T4) ne-triiodothyronine (T3). La mahomoni asebenza ndawonye ukuze alawule umzimba.

I-Hypothyroidism yisifo lapho i-thyroid ikhiqiza ama-hormone amancane kakhulu futhi ingabangela iziguli zizwe zinyuka, zicindezelekile, ziyizinhlungu nezinhlungu nokuzuza kwesisindo. I-hypothyroidism yesibili yinkinga ye -roid eqala ngenye yezinhlayiya ezimbili, i-hypothalamus, ne-pituitary. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-hypothyroidism ingaholela esimweni esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi "i-myxedema coma."

Ezikhathini eziningi, i-hypothyroidism iphathwa kalula nge -roid (synthetic) hormones. Ngokuvamile ukuhlinzwa akudingekile ngaphandle kokuthi igulane likhuliswe noma ligule.

Izimbangela ze-Hypothyroidism:

• Ukumiswa kancane kwe-thyroid
• Izifo zokuzivikela
• Umswakama
• Ukwelashwa ukususa i-thyroid
• Ukugcoba kwe-thyroid - kokubili okunobuthi nomdlavuza
• Imithi kuhlanganise neLithium, i-Amiodarone (i-Cordarone), i-Interferon ne-substitution ye-thyroid

I-Hyperthyroidism yiyona ehlukile ngokuqondile kwe-hypothyroidism, ene-T3 noma i-T4 eningi kakhulu ekhiqizwayo. Lesi simo siyaziwa ngokuthi i-thyroid engasebenzi.

Izimbangela ze-Hyperthyroidism:

• Izifo zamathuna (imbangela evame kakhulu)
• Iodine kakhulu kakhulu
• I-hormone enkulu kakhulu ye-thyroid
• Ukudumala kwama-testes
• I-tumor yama- ovari

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Ama-Glands e-Parathyroid: Ayini?

Izigulane ze-parathyroid ziyizinhlayiya ezihlala entanyeni eduze kwe-thyroid, kodwa naphezu kokufana kwamagama, zenza imisebenzi ehlukene. Kunezinhlayiya ezine ezincane ezibuhlungu ezihlala eduze kwe-thyroid. Abajwayele ukukhishwa ngesikhathi se-thyroidectomy.

Umsebenzi wezinhlayiya ze-parathyroid ukulawula inani le-calcium emzimbeni. Ama-glands akhiqiza futhi ayesekela i-hormone yokukhathazeka. Uma izinga le-calcium emzimbeni liphansi, ama-hormone amaningi afihliwe. I-calcium eningi kakhulu egazini kanye nezigulane eziphathekayo zinciphisa izinga le-hormone.

Lapho i-hormone ye-parathyroid ikhishwa emzimbeni, amathambo omzimba akhipha ezinye ze-calcium. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-hormone enkulu ephazamisayo ingabangela ukugaya i-osteoporosis, noma izinthambo ezibuthakathaka nezibuthakathaka.

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Uvivinyo Ngaphambi Kokuhlinzwa Kwe-Thyroid

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukuhlolwa kuzokwenziwa kuhlanganise nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye ne- biopsy engenziwa. Lokhu kuzosiza ekutholeni kokubili uhlobo lwesifo se-thyroid kanye nemvelaphi yenkinga. Kwezinye izimo, ingubo ye-thyroid engeyona i-hormone efanelekayo ingase isabele enkingeni nge-pituitary noma i-hypothalamus. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunganquma ukuthi yiyiphi inkinga yenkinga.

Izivivinyo Ezivamile Ngaphambi Kokuhlinzwa Kwe-Thyroid:

• I-TSH: Umphumela uzoba ophansi we-hyperthyroidism, ephezulu ye-hypothyroidism
• I-T4: Okuphakeme yi-hyperthyroidism, ephansi ye-hypothyroidism
• I-T3: Amazinga aphezulu akhombisa ukuthi yi-hyperthyroidism
• Ukubukwa kwe-Endoscopic: Udokotela usebenzisa insimbi ngokukhanya nekhamera kukho ukuze ubheke ngaphakathi komphimbo nendawo yengane
• x-ray
• I-Biopsy : I-biopsy enhle ingenziwa ukuze ihlolwe amaseli we-thyroid ngaphansi kwe-microscope
• Ukuskena kwe-Thyroid

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Izizathu zokuhlinzwa kwe-Thyroid

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwe-teyroid kuyadingeka. Ezinye izinkinga zithinta umsebenzi we-theroid, kuyilapho abanye bevele bashintshe ubukhulu be-thyroid. Kwezinye izimo, ukwanda kwegciwane le-thyroid, noma ngabe i-thyroid isebenza ngendlela evamile, kuzodinga ukuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-thyroid ihlala phezulu kwephepule futhi njengoba ikhula ngobukhulu, ingabangela ukuphefumula kanzima.

Izizathu zokuhlinzwa kwe-Thyroid

• I-Cancer ye-thyroid
• I-Hyperthyroidism engaphenduki kwezinye izifo
• I-Hypothyroidism ene-gland
• I-Goiter: Ukwandisa okungenangqondo kwe-gland engayonakalisa umsebenzi we-windpipe kanye ne-oophagus

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Izingozi ze-Thyroid Surgery

Ngaphandle kwezingozi ezijwayelekile zokuhlinzwa kanye nezingozi ze-anesthesia , ukuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid kunezingozi zayo.

Izingozi ze-Thyroid Surgery

• Izinkinga eziphazamisayo noma zezintambo
• Ushintsho oluhlala njalo ngezwi
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• I-Dysphagia, ubunzima bokugwinya
• Ukwehluleka kwe-calcium (uma izigulane eziphathekayo zikhishwa noma zilimele)

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Izinhlobo Zokuhlinzwa Kwe-Thyroid

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid. Ukuze uqonde umehluko phakathi kwezinqubo, kubalulekile ukuqonda isisu segciwane le-thyroid. I-gland iyafana nokubonakala kwamehlo. "Iphiko" ngayinye lakhiwa i-lobe, futhi ixhunywe yi-thythmus noma "umzimba" we-butterfly.

• Ukuhlinzwa okuyingxenye ye-lobectomy ye-thyroid: Ingxenye ye-lobe eyodwa ye-thyroid isusiwe
• Ukwelashwa kwe-lobectomy ye-thyroid: I-lobe yonke ye-thyroid isusiwe
• I-Lobectomy ne-isthmusectomy ukuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid: I- lobe eyodwa, kanye ne-isthmus, isusiwe.
• I-thyroidectomy engaphansi komzimba : Iningi le-thyroid lisusiwe, kodwa isigaba esisebenzayo sihlala (esisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezifo ze-Graves)
• Ingqikithi ye-Thyroidectomy: Bobabili i-lobes ne-isthmus bayasuswa

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Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Thyroid: Inqubo

Izinqubo zokuhlinzwa ze-thyroid ziqala ngokufakwa kwe- tube endotracheal , kulandelwa ukuphathwa kwe- anesthesia jikelele. Uma i-anesthesia iqale ukusebenza, inqubo iqala ngokuchotshozwa ngamasentimitha amabili kuya kwamasentimitha amahlanu ubude obude ngaphezu kwe-thyroid. Ngokususelwa ekuvivinyweni okwenziwe ngaphambi kwenqubo kanye nokubonakala kwe-thyroid, ukuzimisela kokugcina ukuthi ingakanani ye-thyroid kufanele isuswe kwenziwa.

Ngalesi sikhathi, ingxenye noma izingxenye ze-thyroid zisuswe usebenzisa isikhalazo. Ukunakekelwa okhethekile kuthathwa ukuba kungalimazi noma kuphazamise izigulane ezibuhlungu kanye nezintambo zomlomo, kokubili okuphumayo entanyeni eduze kwe-thyroid.

I- biopsy ingenziwa futhi ukuze ihlolwe izicubu ze-thyroid, i-parathyroid futhi, ezimweni ezingavamile, i- lymph nodes eseduze. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye ye-thyroid esele, uma ikhona, ayiyona ingculazi. Kwezinye izimo, izicubu zihlolwe ngumuntu wezempilo ngokushesha, ukuze ukuhlinzekwa kwesibili ukususa ingxenye yesifo se-thyroid akudingekile.

Uma i-thyroid isusiwe futhi noma yisiphi amasampula adingekayo asithathwe, le ndawo ihlolwe ngokuphuma kwegazi. Lapho udokotela ohlinzayo eqiniseka ukuthi akekho okhona okwephuza igazi, ukugoqa kuvaliwe. Kungase kuvaliwe ngama-apples noma sutures , futhi kwezinye izimo, kungenziwa ukukhishwa okuhlinzekwa ukukhipha uketshezi kusuka endaweni ezinsukwini emva kokuhlinzwa.

Uma i-bandage oyinyumba isetshenziselwa ukuchotshozwa, ukuhlinzwa kuqediwe. I-anesthesia ishiyiwe futhi imithi inikezwa ukuvusa isiguli. Isiguli sisuke siswe ekamelweni lokutakula ukuze sihlolwe ngokucophelela ngenkathi isibindi esisele sishiya.

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Ukubuyiswa Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-Thyroid

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwakho kwe-thyroid, uzoyiswa ekamelweni lokutakula. Kuyinto evamile ukuzwa ubuhlungu entanyeni yakho emva kwenqubo ye -roid. Umphimbo wakho ungase ubuhlungu, futhi kungalimaza ukukhuluma nokugwinya. Lokhu kuvamile ngokulandela inqubo. Ezimweni eziningi, uzohlala esibhedlela ngobusuku bokuqala bokubuyiselwa kwakho ukuze uhlolwe kunoma yikuphi ukucindezeleka, njengokugwinya noma ukuphefumula ubunzima.

Ekuqaleni, uzobe ukhawulelwe ekuthatheni uketshezi. Uma ukwazi ukuphuza uketshezi ngaphandle kwenkinga, cishe uzoqala ukudla ukudla okunothile ekuseni ekuseni. Ezimweni eziningi, uzokwazi ukubuyela ekudleni okujwayelekile ngaphakathi kokuhlinzwa kwamahora angu-72, ukuvimbela noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingalindelekile.

Iningi leziguli liyakwazi ukubuyela ekhaya zingakapheli amahora angu-24 ngemuva kwenqubo. Ngaphambi kokukhipha kwakho, uzonikezwa imiyalo yokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ukukhishwa kwakho kokuhlinzwa nokuthi nini ukubona udokotela wakho ohlinzayo.

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Ukuphila Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa Kwe-Thyroid

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuze ususe i-thyroid yakho, umzimba wakho ngeke usukhiqize ama-hormone wegciwane. Lawa ma-hormone azoshintshwa ngezidakamizwa ezithathelanayo. Nakuba i-syntthroid uhlobo oluthile lwe-hormone ye-thyroid esikhundleni, ungathola ukuthi abantu babhekisela kusigaba sonke semithi ye-thyroid esikhundleni sokuthi "i-synthroid."

Indawo yakho ye-thyroid ingase iqale ngokushesha emva kokuhlinzwa kwakho noma ingase iqalwe amasonto ambalwa kamuva, kuye ngokuthi isimo senze ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kudingekile. Uma i-hormone ishintshwa esikhundleni sayo, kuzodingeka ihlolwe ngokucophelela ukuvimbela izimpawu ze-hyper noma i-hypothyroidism.

Izinga le-calcium ne-vitamin D egazini lakho lingabuye lihlolwe. Kwezinye izimo, ukwesekwa kwansuku zonke kuyodingeka nsuku zonke. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma izigulane ze-parathyroid zihilelekile kule nqubo.

Uma nje imithi isondwe kahle, kufanele uqale ukuzwa izinga elivamile lamandla. Izimpawu zokungahambi kahle, ukukhathala nokuzizwa ukhathele njalo kufanele kubikwe kudokotela olawula imithi yakho ye-thyroid-substlacement.

Uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga eziqhubekayo ngezwi lakho noma ukwesaba ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, vumela udokotela wakho azi. Ngenkathi lezi zemibala zijwayelekile emva kokuhlinzwa, kufanele zixazululwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokutakula.

> Imithombo:

> Umsebenzi we-Parathyroid. Endocrineweb.com

> Izifo Ze-Thyroid Izikhungo Zikazwelonke Zempilo

> Izivivinyo zemiSebenzi ye-Thyroid. I-American Thyroid Association