Ukuchazwa Kwe-Engraftment kanye Nokwenzeka Kanjani Ukufakelwa Kwamaselula Omzimba Wakho
Ukufakwa kwe- stem cell transplantation yilapho umzimba wakho wamukela umnkantsha we-bone noma ama-stem cells, futhi baqala ukukhiqiza amaseli amasha wegazi namaseli omzimba omzimba. Kuyinto isinyathelo ekufakweni okuphumelelayo kwe-stem cell.
Yini Eyenzeka Ngesikhathi SeStem Cell nobe Bone Marrow Ukufakelwa?
Amagciwane egazi angase aphathwe ngokubulala umnkantsha wakho kanye nama-stem cells ane-radiation noma i-chemotherapy ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana anomdlavuza.
Abantu abanezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza nabo bangadinga ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell ngenxa yemiphumela ye-radiation noma i-chemotherapy. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zingaba nomthelela ohlangothini wokulimaza umnkantsha wamathambo nama-stem cells, futhi uma umonakalo ukhulu kakhulu, ukufakelwa kudingekile ukuze kubuyiselwe umsebenzi wamathambo abo. Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukufakelwa kommongo ngenxa yokungena ngengozi emisebeni noma amakhemikhali noma ezinye izimo ezilimaza umongo wabo.
Phakathi nokufakelwa kwe-stem cell, umnyoba wethambo lomamukeli ubonakaliswe yi-chemotherapy noma ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwemisebe kuze kube lapho kungasakwazi khona ukusebenza. Yenziwa ukuthi ayikwazi ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, ama-platelets noma amaseli egazi amhlophe. Eqinisweni, umonakalo omkhulu kangangokuthi isiguli sizofa ngaphandle kokuba umkhwa wabo umsebenzi ubuyiselwe ngokumnika ama cell stem, noma kumnikezi, noma amangqamuzana aseguleni ayeqoqwe ngaphambili futhi agcinwe.
Lapho ama-stem cells anikeziwe angeniswe kumamukeli, athola indlela yawo emkhathini emathambo. Uma zisendaweni futhi ziqala ukuzala, i-engraftment yenzeka. Ama-stem cells azokwakha uhlelo olusha lwe- hematopoietic kanye nesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela .
Kwenzekani Phakathi Ne-Engraftment?
Ama-stem cells noma umnkantsha unikezwa njenge-transfusion emangcwabeni.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokufakelwa kabusha, ama-stem cells asetshenziselwe kabusha aya emthonjeni we-bone futhi aqale inqubo yokukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi esikhundleni. Kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-15 emva kokumnika ama-cell stem ukuze uqale ukukhiqiza amaseli wegazi amasha. Imithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-colony-stimulating factors ingase inikezwe ngalesi sikhathi ukuze kukhuliswe inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwamaseli egazi. Amaseli amasha ahlanganisa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, amaseli amhlophe wegazi namaplatelet. Uma kuqaliswa ukukhiqizwa, kuthiwe kwenziwa i-engraftment.
Inani lakho eliphelele legazi lizohlolwa njalo ukuze kuqaphele ukuthi i-engraftment yenzeka yini. Ukwanda okusheshayo nokwenyuka kwezibalo ze-cell cell kubonisa ukuthi ukufakwa kwe-engraftment kwenzeka. Ekuqaleni kwenkambiso, inani eliphelele legazi legazi lizobonisa ukuphakama kwamangqamuzana egazi elimhlophe kanye nokushintshwa okuvela kuma-lymphocytes amaningi kuya ku-neutrophils.
- Ukubala okuphelele kwe-neutrophil (i-ANC) ka-500 noma ngaphezulu ngezinsuku ezingu-3 ngokulandelana kuyisibonakaliso se-engraftment. Ama-cell or stiple cell stem cells (PBSC) abamukeli, i-neutrophil engraftment ingenzeka kungakapheli izinsuku eziyishumi emva kokufakelwa kabusha kodwa kuvame kakhulu ezinsukwini ezingu-14-20.
- Inani leplatelet eliyi-20,000 kuya ku-50,000 liwuphawu lwe-platelet engraftment. Ngamarora noma abamukeli be-PBSC, i-platelet engraftment ivame ukuvela ngemva nje kwe-neutrophil engraftment.
Kuze kube yilapho sekuqediwe, sekukhona ingozi ephezulu yokutheleleka, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, nokuphuma kwamanzi okubangelwa - konke okubangelwa ukubalwa kwe-cell cell. Ukuze usize ukuqeda lo mngcipheko, ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kungenziwa unikezwe ngegazi elibomvu legazi kanye ne-platelet transfusionons ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa. Imiphumela ye-high-dose chemotherapy kanye nokulahlekelwa kwamangqamuzana egazi kunciphisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela komzimba, ngakho-ke amaviki amabili okuqala ngemva kokufakelwa, iziguli zithinteka kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izifo. Ngakho-ke, ama-antibiotic avame ukushiwo ukusiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka.
Kungathatha izinyanga okungenani iminyaka eyodwa kuya kwemibili ukuphola okuphelele komzimba emva kwe-engraftment.
Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokushesha ngokufakelwa kwe-autologous kunezinguquko zokunikela. Uzothola ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaseli akhiqizwa amaseli amasha kunokuba amaseli omhlaza abuyele. Ungase ube nesifiso somnumongo wamathambo ukuhlola indlela umrha omusha osebenza ngayo.
Isiphetho sokugcina sisebenza ngokugcwele umthambo wamathambo okwenza imigqa ejwayelekile yamangqamuzana egazi obomvu, amaseli egazi amhlophe namaplatelet, kufaka phakathi zonke izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli amhlophe - i-lymphocytes, i-granulocytes nama-monocytes.
Izwi elivela
Izikhathi zokubuyisela ziyahlukahluka komuntu ngamunye. Ngaphambi kokuba abamukeli be-stem cell bafake isibhedlela, kufanele bakwazi ukudla nokuphuza amanzi ngokwanele, bengenayo imfiva, abanaso ukuhlanza noma isifo sohudo, futhi babe namazinga aphephile kuwo wonke ama-cell counts. Abamukeli be-transplant bangase bakhathele kalula futhi bazizwe bebuthakathaka izinyanga, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokuthi kuthatha isikhathi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela siphumelele.
Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukuhlala esibhedlela isikhathi eside uma izinkinga zikhula. Ukuhluleka kwe-graft kuyinkimbinkimbi engavamile kepha eyinkimbinkimbi yokuguqula umongo we-bone, futhi ingase ithuthuke lapho amasosha amasha amancane engahlwanyeli noma isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela somzimba singamangqamuzana. Kulezi zimo ezingavamile, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokukhuluma ngezinketho zakho.
> Imithombo
> Kekre N, Antin JH. Imithombo yemithombo ye-Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ekhulwini lama-21: ukukhetha umnikeli ohle uma umdlalo ophelele ungekho. Igazi . 2014; 124 (3): 334-43.
> Chang L, i-Frame D, i-Braun T, et al. I-engraftment syndrome elandela i-allogeneic cell transplantation cell ibikezela abampofu
imiphumela. I-Biol Blood Morow Transplant . 2014; 20 (9): 1407-1417.
> National Cancer Institute. Ukuguqula i-blood-forming stem cell. Ifinyelele ngo-Agasti 2017.