I-Lynch syndrome noma umdlavuza we-non-polyposis we-inherited coloredal (HNPCC) ukwandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa ikoloni nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kanye nohlelo olunzulu lokuhlola umdlavuza lungaphatha lezi zingozi.
I-Lynch Syndrome (i-HNPCC), i-Genetics, ne-Cancers yamalungu ejwayelekile
Cishe amaphesenti angama-75% wegciwane lesandulela ngculazi yizimo ezincane . Lokhu kusho ukuthi abanalo imbangela yofuzo eyaziwayo noma umlando womndeni oqoshiwe kumuntu obhekene nesifo.
Phakathi kwezinye izimbangela zomdlavuza we-colon yi-Lynch syndrome noma umdlavuza we-non-polyposis we-inherited color (HNPCC).
I-Lynch syndrome ibhalela u- 2-7% wamacala omdlavuza obala otholakala e-US. Njengoba kunikezwa ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-160 000 banomdlavuza wekoloni unyaka nonyaka, lokhu kusho phakathi kuka-3 200 no-11 200 kulawo macala omdlavuza we-colon kubangelwa yi-Lynch syndrome.
Ngokuhambisana nengozi enkulu yomdlavuza wekoloni, abantu abane-Lynch syndrome bangenengozi yokwanda kwamanye amagciwane, kuhlanganise namagciwane we-rectum, isisu, amathumbu amancane, amathanga we-fob gallbladder, i-upper urinary tract, ubuchopho, isikhumba, i-prostate, isibeletho ( i-endometrium), nama-ovari. Imindeni lapho i-Lynch syndrome ekhona ngokuvamile inomlando oqinile womndeni womdlavuza. Njengoba ukuhlolwa kofuzo kutholakala kakhulu, iningi lala mindeni iyazi ukuthi zinezinguquko zofuzo ezibangelwa i-Lynch syndrome.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kubalulekile ukubhala umlando womndeni wakho.
Abantu ngokuvamile abacabangi ngamanye amagciwane efa njengefa, kodwa uma bengezwe ndawonye isixhumanisi sibonakala.
I-Lynch Syndrome izuzwa kanjani?
I-Lynch syndrome idluliselwa kusuka kubazali kuya ezinganeni ngenxa yezinguquko kumagciwane amane: MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, ne-PMS2. I-Genesini yincwadi yokufundisa yokwakha nokusebenza komzimba womuntu.
Cishe wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu aqukethe amakhophi amabili wegesi ngalinye. Ikhophi eyodwa ivela kumama wakho kanye nekhophi eyodwa evela kuyihlo. Ngale ndlela, uma umama noma ubaba enezinguquko kwelinye noma ngaphezulu kwezakhi zofuzo ezibangelwa i-Lynch syndrome, bangadlulela lezi zinguquko ezinganeni zabo, lapho bedlula ngezakhi zabo zofuzo.
Kwezinye izifo, uma enye yamakhophi amabili wegesi ewonakele noma elahlekile, enye, ikhophi enhle, izosebenza ngendlela evamile futhi ngeke kube nesifo noma ingozi yokwanda yezifo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i- autosomal iphethini ephindaphindiwe .
Kwezinye izifo, kuhlanganise ne-Lynch syndrome, uma ngisho nekhophi eyodwa yezinhlobo zegciwane elimele noma elahlekile, lokhu kwanele ukwandisa ingozi noma kubangele isifo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-autosomal pattern. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kuphela ingozi ephezulu yomdlavuza izuzwe abantu abane-Lynch syndrome. I-Cancer ngokwayo ayizukuzuzwa njengefa futhi akuwona wonke umuntu onayo i-Lynch syndrome ezokwakha umdlavuza.
Ngaphandle kwe-Lynch syndrome, kunezinye izixhumanisi zofuzo emdlalweni wekoloni ezibalulekile ukuqonda futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ukuxhumeka okuningi kuzotholakala esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
Ukuzivikela Okuhle Kakhulu
Siyajabula ukuthi siphila esikhathini lapho akudingeki ukuba ulinde futhi ubone.
Kunezindlela zokuhlola izakhi zofuzo, kanti noma ngabe umuntu unengozi yezofuzo, sifunda kabanzi ngezinye izindlela zokunciphisa leyo ngozi. Ukuba nomlando womndeni womdlavuza akuyona into embi ngaso sonke isikhathi uma kunika amandla abantu ukuba banakekele impilo yabo. Isibonelo salokhu sinomdlavuza wesifuba, lapho u-10% ohlangene nawo unesixhumanisi sezakhi zofuzo. Abesifazane abanomlando womndeni bavame ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bahlolwe futhi bangalindeli ukuba bahlasele. Uma behlakulela umdlavuza, kungase kutholakale ngaphambi kokuthi omunye umuntu angama-90% angakhathazeki kakhulu ngenxa yokuntuleka komlando womndeni.
Ukucabangela ukulinganisa ngale ndlela kuye kwasiza abantu abathile ukuba babhekane nobungozi babo.
Ukululekwa nge-Genetic
Uma uthola ukuthi une-Lynch syndrome, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthola ukuhanjiswa ukuze ubone umeluleki wezakhi zofuzo. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola umeluleki wezofuzo ezifanele endaweni yakho noma ungasesha i-National Society of Genetic Counselors iwebhusayithi ukuze uthole izisetshenziswa zokweluleka kwezakhi zofuzo. Ukubona umeluleki wezakhi zofuzo kubalulekile ngoba akuzona zonke izinguquko ezakhiweni zomzimba ezithintekile eziholela ezingeni elifanayo lomngcipheko womdlavuza. Ezinye izinguquko zingandisa ingozi kancane kancane, kanti ezinye izinguquko zingandisa kakhulu ingozi yomdlavuza. Kubalulekile ukwazi izingozi zakho siqu ukuze uhlakulele uhlelo lokulilawula.
Ukuhlola i-Cancer
Isinyathelo sesibili esibalulekile ongayithatha ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nohlelo lokuhlola umdlavuza. Ngokuba izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza, kuhlanganise nomdlavuza wekolon, ukuhlolwa kokuhlola okulula kalula kuyatholakala. Futhi ngisho nangomdlavuza ongenalo ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa okukhethiwe, amathuluzi afana nokuhlola kwe-CT kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-MRI kungasetshenziswa ukuthola umdlavuza ezinyathelweni zokuqala, uma kuphelile kakhulu.
Njengoba igama lomdlavuza ongeyona i-popolyposis eliyingqayizivele, libonisa ukuthi lesi simo sandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wekoloni ngaphandle kokukhuphula ingozi yama-polyps. I-polyps ikhula ekolon ukuthi uma ingaphathwa kabi, ingaba ngumdlavuza wekoloni. Lokhu akusho ukuthi abantu abane-Lynch syndrome abayitholi ama-polyps. Kubonisa nje ukuthi ngokuvamile baqala umdlavuza wekoloni ngaphandle kokuqala ukuthuthukisa ama-polyps. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukubukwa kwe-colonoscopy yalesi sifo kungaba yinselele nakakhulu, kodwa ucwaningo lusekela ukuthi i-colonoscopy iyayibona ngempela imishanguzo ye-colon ehambisana ne-Lynch syndrome. I-Colonoscopy yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphatha i-Lynch syndrome.
Cishe kuzodingeka uhlolwe kusukela ebuncane futhi kaningi kunabantu abangenayo i-Lynch syndrome. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale sengathi kuyinkimbinkimbi enkulu, ingenye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokulawula ingozi yakho yomdlavuza, kuhlanganise nomdlavuza wekoloni.
Kunezinye Izindaba Ezinhle
Ngesikhathi kungekho muntu ofuna ukuba ne-Lynch syndrome, kunesinye sezindaba ezinhle mayelana nalesi simo sofuzo. Ngo-2008, abacwaningi baseNtaliyane bashicilela ucwaningo olubonisa ukuthi iziguli zomdlavuza ezinomdlavuza we-Lynch syndrome zenza kangcono kunezinye iziguli zomdlavuza we-colon. Abantu abane-Lynch syndrome banesisindo esingcono kakhulu, kanti 94% alaba bantu basaphila iminyaka emihlanu emva kokuxilongwa, uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso seminyaka engu-5 esasinda ku -75% kulabo abanomdlavuza we-colon . Kunezizathu eziningana ezikhona kulokhu, kusukela ekutholeni kwangaphambili kubantu abane-Lynch syndrome ngoba kungcono ngokuthola ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wekoloni ekuhlukeni kwezinto eziphilayo ezinhlobonhlobo zemdlavuza wekoloni. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi, lokhu kuyindaba eqinisekisayo.
Imithombo
I-Colorectal Cancer Coalition. Lynch Syndrome. .http: //fightcolorectalcancer.org/prevent-it/risk-factors/lynch-syndrome
Izibuyekezo ze-Gene. I-Hereditary Non-Polyposis Cancer Colon. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=hnpcc
Isikhungo Sokwazisa Ngezifo Zamafuba. Kufinyelelwe: 02/21/16. http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/GARD/
I-Lindor NM. Ukwenza icala lokuhlola i-colonoscopy ku-Lynch syndrome. Isifo Sokugula, 2009 11: 131-32.
I-Institutes National Health. Lynch Syndrome. http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=lynchsyndrome