Ukuhlinzwa okujwayelekile, naphezu kwegama, empeleni kuyisipesheli sokuhlinzeka. Abahlinzayo abavamile abahlinzeki nje ngokuhlinza ngezifo eziningi ezivamile, kodwa futhi banomthwalo wokunakekelwa kwesineke ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Bonke odokotela abahlinzayo kumele baqale ukuqeqeshwa kwabo ngokuhlinzwa jikelele; abaningi baqhubeke begxila kwelinye ikhethelo.
Yini Ehlanganisiwe Ekuhlinzekeni Okuvamile?
Ngokusho kwe-American Board of Surgery, odokotela abahlinzayo abaningi baqeqeshwe ukuba basebenze kule:
- I-Alimentary Tract (i-esophagus nezitho ezihlobene)
- Isisu kanye Okuqukethwe
- Ubisi, Isikhumba Nezicubu Eziqinile
- Uhlelo lwe-Endocrine
Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela abahlinzayo balindeleke ukuba babe nolwazi nolwazi ku:
- Ukunakekelwa Okuyinhloko Yokuhlinzeka
- I-Oncology Yokuhlinza
- I-Trauma
Naphezu kwegama elithi "jikelele", odokotela abahlinzayo abahlinzeka ngokujwayelekile abahlinzayo abahlinzayo abanezikhono ezivame ukusebenza ngezikhalazo ezivamile zesisu okubandakanya u-appendicitis, hernias , chirurgical gallbladder , izinkinga zesisu kanye namathumbu emathunjini. Lokhu kugxila esiswini akuyona into ephelele, njengoba odokotela abahlinzeka ngokujwayelekile bangaba uhlobo oluthile lokuhlinzwa, njengokuphatha umdlavuza noma ukushisa, okudinga ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo bakwazi ukwenza izinqubo ezindaweni eziningi zomzimba.
Kungani Odokotela Bekhetha Ukuya Ekuhlinzekeni Okuvamile?
Abahlinzeki abahlinzayo abaningi bangatholakala bethola izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlinzwa, futhi uhlobo olubanzi olusekelwe emfundweni yabo lwenza ukuba odokotela abahlinzayo bakwazi ukwenza izinqubo eziningi ekusebenzeni kwemisebenzi yabo.
Abanye bangakhetha ukuqhubeka nokukhethekile, kodwa abanye bajabulela ukuhlukahluka okwenza usuku lochwepheshe ohlinzayo ojwayelekile futhi basebenzise ukuhambisana kwezinqubo eziningi.
Odokotela abahlinzayo abavamile banokuzivumelanisa nezimo zokusebenza ngezilungiselelo ezihlukahlukene, ngezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zamaqembu ezempilo neziguli. Ngokwe-American Board of Surgery:
Umhlinzeki ohlinzekwe ngokugcwele oqinisekisiwe futhi kulindeleke ukuba abe nolwazi namakhono ezifo ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwamanye amazwe, okubandakanya ubuchwepheshe obuhlobene nobuholi. Abahlinzeki abahlinzekiwe abaqinisekisiwe abengeziwe kumele babe nolwazi lwezidingo zomtholampilo ezihlukile zeziguli ezilandelayo zesiguli:
- Iziguli ezigulayo, ukufaka ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative nokuphathwa kobuhlungu; ukuntula okunomsoco; i-cachexia ezigulini ezinezimo ezimbi futhi ezingapheli; kanye nokwelulekwa nokusekela izinqumo zokuphela kokuphila nokunakekelwa.
- Iziguli ezinomzimba obuthakathaka kakhulu, ukufaka izidakamizwa ezinamandla; ukuhlinzekwa okuhlinzekwayo nokungenawo okuhlinzekwa kwesisindo (i-bariatrics); nokululekwa kwesineke nemindeni.
- Iziguli zokuhlinzeka ngeziguli, ukufaka ukuphathwa kwezifo ezigugu ezigugu.
- Abantu abanobuzwe abahlukahlukene kanye nabasengozini.
Ukuqeqeshwa njengophrotheli
AbaFundi Bezokwelapha abafuna ukuba odokotela abahlinzayo basebenze kuqala ohlelweni lokuhlala. Indawo yokuhlala eqala ngonyaka wokuqala, obizwa ngokuthi unyaka wangaphakathi, olandelwa iminyaka emine yokuqeqeshwa okuhlinzekwa.
Phakathi nokuqeqeshwa kwabo, odokotela abahlinzayo abajwayelekile kudingeka baqede Amaviki angu-48 okusebenza ngokugcwele ngesikhathi sokutholwa. Bangase baqede ukuqeqeshwa kwenye i-specialty, kodwa kungakapheli izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-12 ezingagciniwe ezigxile kunoma yikuphi ukukhethekile okukhethekile ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa okujwayelekile.
Noma yimuphi udokotela ohlinzayo osebenza ngokukhethekile okuhlinzekwa ukuhlinzwa, njengokuhlinzwa kwe-cardiothoracic, uqala ukuqeqeshwa ngeminyaka emihlanu yokuqeqesha ngokujwayelekile okulandelwa iminyaka eyengeziwe yokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Board of Surgery. Ukuqeqesha nokuqinisekiswa. Iwebhu. 2017.
> I-American College of Physicians. Ukuhlinzwa jikelele. Iwebhu. 2017.