Isingeniso
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezinkulu ze- stroke . Ekugcineni, kokubili kuyinkinga ebonakala ngegazi elingakwazi ukuya lapho kufanele khona. E-ischemic stroke, igazi aligeli emthini ovinjiwe, futhi amangqamuzana obuchopho abufa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-oxygen.
Kuyini Ukulimaza Kwe-Intracerebral?
Lapho isifo esibuhlungu, igazi liphuma emthonjeni ophukile ngokuqondile emathisini obuchopho kunokuba igeleza emithanjeni yegazi. Uma umthambo uphahla ebuchosheni, igazi liqhuma izicubu zobuchopho eceleni njengoba lilwa nendawo ngaphakathi kwe-skull.
Ngenxa yalokho, izicubu zobuchopho zihlukumezekile futhi zingafa. Uma izicubu zobuchopho zisuke zibalekele kakhulu, ukulimala okungapheli nokufa kungaholela.
Yini Ebangelwa Ukulimaza Kwe-Intracerebral?
Esinye isizathu esivamile sokuqeda imfucuza yangaphakathi kwemvelo kuyingozi; Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ukubola kwesisu kubonakala sengathi kwenzeka ngokwayo.
Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokungena kwegazi ngaphakathi kwe-intracerebral hemorrhage yi-high blood pressure ( hypertension ). Ukucindezeleka kwegazi okungapheli kunganciphisa izindonga ze-arteries, ikakhulukazi ekujuleni kobuchopho lapho izitsha ezincane ziphuma khona emithanjeni emikhulu. Lapho ingcindezi ephezulu iqhuma ngalezi zindonga ezibuthakathaka zamathambo wegazi, umthambo ungaqhuma.
Akuyona into engavamile ukuba isifo so-ischemic sokuguqulwa sibe yindawo yokuphuma kwegazi. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukuguqulwa kwamanzi. I-ischemic stroke iyabulala izicubu zobuchopho, futhi izicubu ezibucayi ezifile ziyinkimbinkimbi kunezobuchopho obuphilayo. Le fragility ihlanganisa izindonga zenye imithwalo yegazi, okungenzeka ukuthi ihlukane nakakhulu.
Njengoba ukushaywa kwe-ischemic ngokuvamile kuphathwa ngegazi elincane, imithi iphinde ibe nomthelela kulolu hlobo lwegazi lokungena emzimbeni.
Ngenkathi ukuphakama kwengcindezi ephezulu yimbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-intracerebral hemorrhage jikelele, isizathu esiningi kakhulu sokuphuma kwegazi sihlukahluka ngobudala. Kulaba asebekhulile, ukugula okubizwa ngokuthi i- cerebral amyloid angiopathy kungaholela ekuqhumeni kwe-intracerebral hemorrhage.
Kulesi sifo, iprotheni engavamile ebizwa ngokuthi i-amyloid yakha ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kwenza imithwalo yegazi ibe yinkimbinkimbi futhi iphule kalula. Ngokungafani negazi elimangalisa ngokweqile, okuvame ukukwenzeka ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kobuchopho, ukuphika kwengqondo kwe-amyloid ngokuvamile kubangela ukuphuma kwegazi emaphethelweni obuchopho. Ezinganeni, ukungavamile kwe-vascular congenital yiyona eyimbangela evamile ye-intracerebral hemorrhage. Ngenhlanhla, lokhu akuvamile.
Amanye abanikeli be-intrarebral hemorrhage zifaka:
- izicubu zobuchopho
- i-vasculitis
- ukumbumbuluka kwe-septic
- moyamoya
- i-cocaine nama-amphetamines
- izifo ezifana ne- herpes simplex encephalitis
- imithi yokwehlisa igazi
- izifo ezibangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi
Ziyini Izimpawu Ze-Intracerebral Hemorrhage?
Umuntu onomzimba we-intrarebral hemorrhage angase abe nezimpawu ze-neurological like numb numbness, tingling, noma ubuthakathaka, kufana nokushaywa ischemic. Izimpawu zezinzwa zizoxhomekeka endaweni yokuphuma kwegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igazi lingabangela ukucindezela okwandayo ku-skull, okuholela ekuhloleni ikhanda, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza nokuncipha kwenhliziyo.
Ngenxa yokuthi izicubu zobuchopho ziphikisana nokucindezelwa ngegazi, izimpawu zesifo sokuzibulala kwengqondo zivame ukwedlula isikhathi esingaphezu kwamaminithi amahora.
Lokhu kuqhathaniswa nokuqeda kwegazi eliphansi, okwenzeka ngokuzumayo.
I-Intracerebral Hemorrhage Ithola Kanjani?
Ngaphandle kokuhlola isiguli, odokotela bayofuna ukuhlela ukukhishwa kwe-computed tomography ( CT ) okuphuthumayo yekhanda. Igazi elisha lizobonakala ngokukhanyayo ku-CT scans.
Yiziphi Izindlela zokwelashwa kwe-Intracerebral Hemorrhage?
Ngesikhathi i-intrarebral hemorrhage itholakale, umonakalo othile uzobe usuyenziwe kakade. Ukugxila kuyoba ukuvimba ukuphuma kwegazi ukuze kungabi nakakhulu nakakhulu. Umfutho wegazi uzodinga ukulawulwa ngokuqinile. Uma kukhona igazi elincane kakhulu ohlelweni lwesiguli, imithi inganikezwa ukuyijika.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukulimala okubangelwa ukugaya kwamanzi, njengokunyuka kwengcindezi yokungena. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isiguli sinakekelwa kahle, iziguli eziningi ezinezinyosi zokugaya izidakamizwa zidluliselwa ku- ICU yezinzwa .
Yiziphi Izindlela Zokubuyiselwa KwamaHhovisi E-Intracerebral Hemorrhage?
Phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-30 kuya kwangu-50 abantu abanesifo sangasese sangasese ngeke basinde ngaphezu konyaka. Indawo nobukhulu bokuphuma kwegazi, kanye nobudala, impilo kanye nezinga lokuqaphela isisulu, yonke into ibe yindlela yokuphila. Uma ngabe isisulu sisezindlini ezinomzimba wegazi, umphumela cishe uzoba mabi kakhulu.
Kunzima ukusho ukuthi kaningi kangakanani abantu abanesifo sangasese sezinsana zokubeletha babuyela esimweni esihle sokusebenza okuzimele. Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi igazi lichitha izicubu zobuchopho kunokuba liphanga ngokuqondile i-oksijeni, abantu abaphila ngesifo sofuba bangase babe nemiphumela emihle uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abanezinhlangothi zesischemic ezifana nosayizi ofanayo. Noma kunjalo, kunzima ukuqiniseka. Ukulinganisa kwakamuva komphumela omuhle kakhulu ngemuva kokushukela kwamapharasi we-intracerebral kusuka ngamaphesenti angu-12 kuya kwangu-39. Ulwazi olungaphezulu luyadingeka ngokucacile.
Imithombo:
U - Allan H. Ropper, uDaryl R. Gress, uMichael .UDiringer, uDeborah M. Green, uStephan A. Mayer, uThomas P. Bleck, Ukunakekelwa Kwezinzwa Neurosurgical Intensive, I-Fourth Edition, uLippicott Williams & Wilkins, 2004
I-Sacco S, i-Marini C, i-Toni D, i-Olivieri L, i-Carolei A. Isibalo kanye nokusinda kweminyaka engu-10 kwe-intrarebral hemorrhage ebhalweni oluthile labantu. Isibungu. 2009; 40 (2): 394.
van Asch CJ, Luitse MJ, Rinkel GJ, van der Tweel I, Algra A, Klijn CJ. Isigameko, ukubulawa kwecala, kanye nomphumela wokusebenza kwegazi lokungasebenzi ngokweqile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngokusho kweminyaka yobudala, ubulili, kanye nemvelaphi yobuhlanga: ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile nokuhlaziywa kwemeta. I-Lancet Neurol. 2010; 9 (2): 167.