Iningi labantu lizwile nge- MRSA , noma i-methacillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, ukutheleleka okuphawulekayo okunzima ukukwelapha ngoba ayiphenduli imithi elwa namagciwane ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo ze-staph. Izifo ze-MRSA zazivame ukutholakala kuphela kuzilungiselelo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, kodwa eminyakeni yamuva ziye zavame kakhulu ezilungiselelweni zomphakathi futhi zithole ukwaziswa okubalulekile kwamaphephandaba.
Kodwa-ke, lokho abantu abaningi abangakuqapheli ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwe-MRSA kuyingxenye yomkhuba okhulayo wezifo ezithathelwanayo ezinamandla ezingamelana nomuthi owodwa noma ngaphezulu wama-antibiotic okungavame ukwelapha amabhaktheriya. Eqinisweni, noma yikuphi amagciwane angase aguquke abe yi-superbug.
Ngenkathi ama-superbugs angaphathwa ngempumelelo, zinzima kakhulu kunezifo ezihlukahlukene zegadini ngoba, ngencazelo, ngenkathi i-superbug engeke imelane nayo yonke imithi elwa namagciwane, ayikwazi ukuphathwa ngokusebenzisa ezimbili noma ngaphezulu.
Yini eyenza ama-Superbugs
I-Superbugs iyaqhubeka iba yinto evame kakhulu, futhi ingumphumela wokusebenzisa kabi ama-antibiotic akhona. Uma umuntu engasebenzisi i-antibiotic ngendlela enqunyiwe (njengokuthatha ama-antibiotics ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma ukuqeda yonke imithi), ukutheleleka kwama-bacterium akubhujiswa ngokuphelele. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ama-bacteria asele yini umthamo oye washintsha ukuze usinde imithi elwa namagciwane eyayisetshenziswa.
Ngokuvamile lapho umuntu esebenzisa i-antibiotic, cishe kungenzeka ukuthi abe nokutheleleka nge-superbug.
Nakuba ama-superbugs amaningi angagcina ephathwa ngokuphumelelayo, njengoba ukusabalala kwala mabhaktheriya akhuphukayo, ingozi yokufa ngenxa yokuphikiswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane kulinganiselwa ukuthi iyanda. Ekuqaleni kuka-2017, owesifazane waseNevada wabulawa ngenxa yesifo esasitholakala ukuthi simelana nama-antibiotic angama-26-wonke ama-antibiotic atholakala e-United States.
Uthole ukutheleleka esibhedlela saseNdiya ayevakashele ukuze aphathe umlenze ophukile kodwa wabhedlela ngenxa yesifo e-United States lapho ebuya.
Akumangalisi ukuthi leli cala lalingenhla, futhi ukwesaba ama- superbugs kwakusungulwa yiqiniso elibikwa kabanzi ukuthi kwakungekho lutho olutholakala e-United States ukuphatha ukutheleleka kwakhe. Ngemva kwalolu daba, kodwa hhayi okokuqala, izinhlangano zezempilo zomphakathi zaxwayisa ukuthi ama-superbugs abe yingozi engokoqobo futhi engase ibe yingozi kubantu.
Iningi eliyingozi futhi elivamile lama-Superbugs
I-World Health Organization ibeke imindeni engu-12 yamabhaktheriya ukuthi i-agency ithi iyingozi kakhulu futhi ibulale izigidi zabantu minyaka yonke. Lawa ma-bacteria ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu ukugxila ucwaningo nokutholakala kwama-antibiotic amasha. Izigaba ezintathu zihlanganisa:
- I- Enterobacteriaceae engamelana ne-Carbapenem (CRE) , ebizwa ngokuthi "amabhaktheriya obuhlungu" yizikhulu zezempilo zase-US ngoba ingabulala abantu abangamaphesenti angu-50 abathinta. Owesifazane othole i-superbug eNdiya wayenegciwane le-CRE.
- I-Acinetobacter baumannii, eyenzeka kakhulu kaningi ezindaweni zokunakekelwa ezinzulu nezinye izindawo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo neziguli ezigula kakhulu.
- I-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, eyasakazeka ngemishini yezokwelapha engcolile engahlanjululwanga kahle noma ngezandla zabasebenzi bezempilo.