Ibhalansi ye-Acid-base ibhekisela esimweni esakhiwe ngumzimba ukugcina uketshezi komzimba njengokuseduze ne-pH yokungathathi hlangothi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokwenza njalo, izikhukhula zomzimba zigcinwa ukuba zingabi kakhulu (zibe ne-asidi kakhulu) noma eziyisisekelo kakhulu (ezine-alkaline kakhulu). I-acid-based balance balance yenza umzimba usebenze esimweni sokulingana, noma ukuzinza.
Kuyini Umzimba Ovamile PH?
I-pH yomzimba ilinganiswa ngesilinganiso esivela ku-1 kuya ku-14 nge-1 ibe yocwecwe kakhulu futhi engu-14 ibe yisisekelo esengeziwe.
Umzimba ovamile we-pH uphakathi kuka-7.35 no-7.45.
- Uma umzimba i-pH ingaphansi kuka-7.35, umzimba "u-acidotic."
- Uma umzimba i-pH ingaphezu kuka-7.45, umzimba ubizwa ngokuthi "alkalotic" noma "eyisisekelo."
Uma unempilo, umzimba ulawula i-pH ngokucophelela ngezinso (ngokukhipha noma ukugcina ama-acids nezisekelo) noma ngamapayipi (ngokuphefumula ngokushesha noma kancane). Ama-Acids akhiqizwa ukuvama kwemvelo kwama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni namafutha, izinso zibuyisela ngokususa i-asidi.
Umzimba pH Ukulinganisa
Umzimba pH uvame ukulinganiswa ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yezivivinyo ezingase zifake i-pH yegazi emithanjeni, kanye nezinga lama-electrolyte e-plasma.
Ukuvuselelwa
Uma i-pH yomzimba iwela ngaphandle kwebala elijwayelekile, umzimba usebenza ukubuyisela "i-homeostasis" noma isimo somlinganiso. Yenza lokhu ngo:
- Inxephezelo ye-Renal - Izinso zingaphazamisa i-pH ngokukhipha i-asidi noma ngokugcina i-bicarbonate (isisekelo.)
- Inxephezelo yamapulmonary - Uma i-pH iwa, ngamanye amazwi, uma umzimba unamandla, ukuphefumula kungakhuphuka ukuze kuphume ikhabhoni dioxide ukuze kubuyiselwe imali.
Ukungahleleki
Ngokujwayelekile, i-PH yomzimba ilele ngaphakathi kwalolu hlu oluncane. Uma iziguli zingakwazi ukukhokhela ushintsho ku-pH, isibonelo, ngenxa yokugula okujulile, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, noma ukungondleki, isimo se-acid esiningi noma isisekelo singase senzeke. Lezi zingabandakanya lokhu okulandelayo:
I-Metabolic Acidosis
E-acidosis ye-metabolic kukhona inani elandayo lomzimba we-acid - ngamanye amazwi, i-pH yomzimba iwela ngaphansi kwe-7.35.
Izimo ezingabangela lokhu kuhlanganisa:
- I-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela
- I-Lactic acidosis
- Uhudo olukhulu
- Ukuhluleka kwezinso
- Imithi efana ne-aspirin
I-Alkalosis yeMetabolic
E-alkalosis ye-metabolic, inani le-bicarbonate landa, kaningi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwe-acids metabolic. Izimo ezingabangela lokhu kungabandakanya:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa (amaphilisi amanzi)
- Ukuvota
- Imithi efana ne-steroids
- I-Cushing's syndrome
I-Acidosis yokuphefumula
Ekuphefumuleni kwe-acidosis, umzimba ugcina i-carbon dioxide engaphezu kwesibalo esiphuthumayo emzimbeni we-pH. Izimo ezingabangela lokhu kufaka:
- I-Hypoventilation - Ngamanye amagama, ngokusebenzisa ukuphefumula okungajulile noma okungajwayelekile
- I-COPD nezinye izifo zamaphaphu
- Ukwedlula ama-opioid no-alcohol
I-Alkalosis Yokuphefumula
E-alkalosis yokuphefumula, izinga eliphakeme ngokweqile le-carbon dioxide lishaywa ngamaphaphu. Izimo ezingabangela lokhu kufaka:
- I-Hyperventilation kumshini wokumisa umoya
- Isifo sesibindi
- Ukukhulelwa
- I-Septicemia nezinye izifo ezinzima
- Fever
- Ukukhathazeka
Isibonelo
Uhlelo lwe-acid-base kumuntu onenkinga ye- COPD ngezinye izikhathi lithinteka ngenxa yamaphethini okuphefumula okungenakusebenza kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-carbon dioxide. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kokuphefumula, enye yezinkinga zeCOPD.
Futhi eyaziwa njenge: pH balance
Imithombo:
Ayers, P., Dixon, C., no-May. Izinkinga ze-Acid-base: ukufunda izinto eziyisisekelo. Ukudla okunomsoco emzimbeni . 2015. 30 (1): 14-20.
Gooch, M. Ukukhomba ukungalingani kwe-acid-base ne-electrolyte. Umhlengikazi . 2015. 40 (8): 37-42.