I-neuritis esebenzayo ukuvuvukala kwe-nertic optic. I-nertic optic iyisisindo sezinzwa zomzimba ezihlanganisa iso lakho ebuchosheni bakho. I-nertic optic inikeza ulwazi olubonakalayo ebuchosheni. I-nertic optic ihlanganiswa ngento enamafutha ebizwa ngokuthi i- myelin eyenza njengokungeniswa. I-Myelin iyasiza izimpendulo zikagesi zihamba ngokushesha phakathi kwesibindi. Kuvame ukukholelwa ukuthi i-optic neuritis iqala lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela lezi zicubu.
Izimo eziningi ze-optic neuritis zenzeka kubafazi abaneminyaka engama-20 no-40.
Izimpawu
I-neuritis esebenzayo ivame ukubangela ukulahlekelwa kombono kanye nobuhlungu lapho kuhanjiswa iso. Lokhu ubuhlungu kubangelwa ukuthungwa kwesibindi se-optic evulekile. Ukukhanya kokukhanya kungase kwenzeke nokunyakaza kwamehlo. Izimpawu ziba zimbi nakakhulu uma izinga lokushisa komzimba landa. Ukulahleka kombono kuvame ukuhamba kancane, kufinyelele esiphezulu phakathi kwamasonto amabili. Inani lokulahleka kombono lihlukile phakathi kweziguli. Ezinye iziguli nazo zithola izinkinga ngokuqonda okujulile.
Izimbangela
I-neuritis esebenzayo ingabangelwa izifo eziningi nemibandela. Abanye abantu bahlakulela i-optic neuritis emva kokugula njengama-mumps, isishubhu, noma ngisho nokubandayo okuvamile. Kwezinye, lesi simo sisondelene kakhulu ne- multiple sclerosis . Abanye abantu abanesiqephu se-optic neuritis bahlakulela ukubola kwesibindi esikhathini eside ekuphileni. Ezinye izimo ze-optic neuritis zibizwa nge-idiopathic.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi une-optic neuritis ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa noma imbangela engakaqanjwanga.
Ezinye izimbangela ze-optic neuritis zihlanganisa okulandelayo.
- izifo zebhaktheriya, njenge-syphilis noma isifo se-Lyme
- amagciwane afana ne-herpes noma i- hepatitis B
- sarcoidosis
- i-craneal arteritis
- amakhemikhali athile kanye nezidakamizwa
Izimpawu
Udokotela wakho wezandla angase abone izibonakaliso ze-optical neuritis ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kweso isohlisiwe.
Angase abone ikhanda le-optic le-optic elivuvukile noma eliphakeme. Izidakamizwa, amaseli noma uketshezi oluvela kwisistimu yakho yegciwane lengculazi kungenzeka futhi kube khona ku- retina . Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ubone izimpawu ngaphambi kokuba umlenze wakho we-optic uveze izimpawu zokuvuvukala, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-retrobulbar optic neuritis. Udokotela wakho angabona futhi umehluko ngendlela abafundi bakho abasabela ngayo ekukhanyeni. Futhi, ukubonakala kwakho okubonakalayo kungancishiswa, futhi ungabona izindawo eziyimpumputhe noma izindawo ezincane emkhakheni wakho wombono. Umbono wombala nawo ungathinteka.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuze uthole ukutholakala okunembile kwe-optic neuritis, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngemva kokuhlanza amehlo akho, kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kombono wombala kanye nokuhlolwa kwensimu ebonakalayo. Udokotela wakho angalaya i-MRI nokuhlolwa kwegazi okweziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Angase athole okungavamile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwensimu ebonakalayo, ukuhlolwa kombala, nokuhlolwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezizosiza ekuxilongweni.
Ukwelapha
Iziguli eziningi ezine-neticitis optic zithuthuka ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuxhomeke ekutheni isimo sitholakale ngokushesha ngemuva kokubona izimpawu zokuqala. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-steroids ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwe-nertic optic. Ukwelashwa kwe-steroid ngokuvamile kuhilela i-steroid engenayo ilandelwa yi-steroids yomlomo.
Inkambo evamile ye-steroid ingukuphela kwezinsuku ezintathu ze-IV steroids ilandelwa izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuguqula imithi. Abanye abantu babhekana nemiphumela emibi ngenkathi bephathwa nge-steroids. Uma uhlakulela noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi engazelelwe, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Imiphumela emibi engavamile yokuphathwa kwe-steroid ingafaka okulandelayo:
- kunzima ukulala
- isisu esithukuthele noma isicashu
- ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni
- ukukhathazeka noma ukucasula
- amazinga e-glucose anyukile (ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela)
- i-thrush (isifo sofuba)
Ngemuva kwesiqephu se-optic neuritis, umbono wakho ungabuyela esimweni esivamile noma esivamile kungakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha.
Izwi elivela
I-neuritis ye-optic ibuye ibuye futhi idinga ukubuyiselwa. Iqembu elincane labantu liye laqhubeka liphindaphinda lesi sifo futhi lidinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, cishe amaphesenti angu-50 iziguli ezine-neticitis optic zizoveza ezinye izimpawu ze-neurological ezingase ziphakamise ukuxilongwa kwe-multiple sclerosis. Iziguli ezine-neuritis enamandla kakhulu zingase zibe nesimo okuthiwa i-neuromyelitis optica. Lesi sifo sidinga ukuxilongwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi.
Umthombo:
AmaSlamovits, uThomas L. noRonald Burde. I-Neuro-ophthalmology, I-Textbook ye-Ophthalmology. Umqulu 6, i-ISBN 1-56375-099-6. I-Copyright 1994, i-Mosby-Year Book Europe Ltd