Izimpendulo zemibuzo ethi 'Iyini isifo sohlangothi?' 'Yini Ebangelwa Ukushaya Isisu?' futhi nokuningi
Uzwile leli gama ngokuphindaphindiwe kodwa usalokhu uzibuza: Kuyini ukushaywa yisisu? Ukushaywa yisisu kungukukhubazeka okungazelelwe emsebenzini wokubuchopho. Omunye angase ahluleke ukukhuluma noma ukukhuluma ngokucacile, ukuhamba, noma ukuhambisa umlenze ngoba igazi liyekile ukugeleza endaweni yengqondo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kubangelwa ukuvinjelwa, noma ukuphuka, kwesitsha segazi.
Ngokungafani nezinsizakalo, ezibizwa nangokuthi ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic okudlulayo (TIA) , izimpawu zazo ezizixazulula ngokwabo emahoreni angaphansi kwama-24, imivimbo ihamba ngemuva kokukhubazeka okungapheli kwegazi.
Ubukhulu balezi zingqinamba kuncike ekutheni umonakalo ubukhulu kangakanani ebuchosheni, futhi yingxenye yobuchopho obuthintekile.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zesifo sohlangothi?
Kunezigaba ezimbili ezinkulu zokushaywa yisifo: ischemic and hemorrhagic.
Lolu hlobo lwe-stroke lubangelwa ukuvinjelwa ngokomzimba kokugeleza kwegazi endaweni yengqondo. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zesifo sobuhlungu be-ischemic:
1) I-Embolic Stroke
Lolu hlobo lwe-stroke lwenzeka uma i-clot yegazi noma i-cholesterol plaque ingena ebuchosheni ize ifinyelele endaweni encane lapho iboshelwe khona. Lokhu kubangela ukuvinjelwa komthambo futhi kuvimbela igazi ekufinyeleleni kwesigaba sobuchopho. Kukhona nezinye izimbangela ezingezansi zokushaywa kwe-embolic okufaka:
2) Ukushaywa yisifo sofuba
Kulolu hlobo lwengozi amafomu e-blood clot ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwesitsha segazi okwenza ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kufike endaweni yengqondo.
I-clot yegazi, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-thrombus, ivame ukuthinta imithwalo yegazi encane kakhulu ebuchosheni, ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu.
Izisekelo Eziyisisekelo Ze-Cholesterol
Ngenxa yokuthi imithwalo encane yegazi ebuchosheni iletha igazi ezindaweni ezincane zobuchopho, izingxabano ze-thrombotic zivame ukuba zincane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi ama- lacunar .
Nokho, kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, i- clot enkulu yegazi ingenza ngaphakathi kweyodwa imithwalo yegazi entanyeni, futhi kamuva ihlukane futhi ibangele ukushaywa okukhulu kwe- embolic .
Isifo esishayisayo
Lolu hlobo lwe-stroke luba khona lapho isitsha segazi ngaphakathi kwengqondo seqhekeka, okwenza igazi likwazi ukungena ngaphakathi noma eduze nezicubu zomzimba zobuchopho. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kungumphumela wokucindezelwa kwegazi okungalawulwa kalula.
Kuncike endaweni yokuphuma kwegazi, isifo sofuba esisodwa sihlukaniswa
- I-Intracerebral Hemorrhage : Ukukhipha igazi kuyenzeka ngaphakathi kwezingcubu zobuchopho.
- Ukushisa kwemithi engaphansi komhlaba : Ukukhipha igazi kuqhutshwa phakathi kwesikhala phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili ezimboza ubuchopho.
- Ukushisa kwegazi: Ukukhipha igazi kuyenzeka ngaphakathi kwezingxenyeni zobuchopho, ezingenalo izicubu zobuchopho, kodwa kunalokho zigcwele uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-cerebro-spinal fluid. Igazi ngaphakathi kwe-ventricles alivami ukudala uhlangothi olulodwa, kodwa linamandla okubangela i- hydrocephalus isimo lapho ukucindezela okungaphakathi kwe-intracrane kuphakamisa khona ngisho nokufa.
- Ukufa kwegazi eliphansi : Ukukhipha isisu kwenzeka ngaphandle kwezingcubu zobuchopho eduze ne-skull.
Izibhamu ezinomsindo zivame ukubangelwa isitsha segazi esiphundukile njenge- aneurysm noma i-aromatic arteriovenous malformation (AVM).
Igazi ngaphakathi kobuchopho liveza ikhanda elibi kakhulu, elivame ukuchazwa ngabantu njengezifo ezinzima kakhulu ezimpilweni zabo.
Njengoba igazi libuthelwa ebuchosheni, izicubu ezivamile zobuchopho ziphonswa ezindongeni ze-skull. Le nqubo ikwandisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho, kuze kube yilapho igazi ligeleza ezindaweni ezicindezelayo kakhulu liphazamiseke ngokuphelele. Lezi zindawo ziyeke ukusebenza futhi zidale izimpawu ezingase zihluke ekutheni uzwela, isicanucanu nokuhlanza kuya ekhanda elihambisana nezimpawu eziphazamisekile zesifo . Izimpawu eziphazamisayo eziphuthumayo akufanele zishaywa indiva njengoba zivame ukuguquka ngokushesha futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, zingaholela ekufeni okungazelelwe.
> Umthombo:
I-Neurology ye-Merritt; Umagazini we-11, uLippincott Williams & Wilkins; iphesi 275-290