Isihlanganisi se-sacroiliac , esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-SI joint" yisithuba esivela phakathi kwe-sacrum bone nasemhlane we-hip bone. Ungase ucabange ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-SI njengendawo lapho umgogodla uhlangana khona emagqumeni nasezindaweni ezizungezile ezingeni lakho.
Unezihlanganiso ezimbili ze-SI-enye ngakwesinye icala se-sacrum.
Amathoni we-SI Joint
Njengamalungu amaningi omzimba , i-sacroiliac inamathambo amabili, okungukuthi, i-sacrum kanye ne-ilium.
Ngaphambili, lihlukaniswa njenge-diarthrodial joint (okusho ukuthi uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe oluhlanganisiwe) oluhlanganisa i-sacrum kanye namathambo amabili ase-hip ngemuva. Lawa mathambo amabili ama-hip (i-ilium, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla) kuthiwa yi-innominates we-pelvis.
Ingxenyana ye-SI ehlangene ayihambisani nokuhamba phambili.
I-sacrum iyithambo elibunjwa kathathu elitholakala ngaphansi kwe- spinal lumbar . I-lumbar vertebra yokugcina (nesisindo sayo yonke ikholomu yomgogodla yalolu daba) sihlala phezulu kwesikhwama (okuyinto indawo eyaziwa njenge-sacral base).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-ilium inikeza uhlobo lokuxhaswa kwe-sacrum.
I-sacrum ihamba phakathi kwe-twoaa (noma i-innominates) ngokusebenza njengomgqa. Isihloko se-sacrum sivulekile kunezansi, okwenza ukuba i-snug ifane phakathi kwamathambo kulelo zinga. Amathambo aqhutshwa phambili ngamagundane. Kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa kokuhlanganiswa, lezi zinsika zisiza i-sacrum ukusekela isisindo somgogodla nekhanda.
Kunemigqa eminingi eminingi ngemuva kwengxube ye-sacroiliac kunasekuqaleni. Ngemuva, imigqa yilezi:
- I-ligroiliac ligament esengenangqondo ikhona phakathi kwe-ilium ne-sacrum. Kuyasiza ukugcina ukuhlangana komzimba okuhlangene futhi kutholakala lapho iningi lokudluliswa kwesisindo kusuka emgodleni kuze kube semlenzeni (naseceleni eliphansi) kwenzeka.
- I-sacroiliac ligamental posterior kuyinto ukuqhubeka kwe-interossus sacroiliac ligament. Ihlinzeka ukwesekwa kwendlela yokungenelela emaceleni angaphambili emathanjeni ehlangene ngokuletha i-ilium eduze ne-sacrum; Ngale ndlela, kusiza i-sacrum ukuthatha isisindo somgogodla kusuka phezulu.
- I-Iliolumbar ligament isekela ukudluliswa kwesisindo nemisebenzi yokusekela ye-sacroiliac ne-posterior sacroiliac ligaments njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.
- I-ligrotuberous ligament ingumgogodla omkhulu ophuma e-sacrum kuya emathanjeni ahleliwe (ischial tuberosities).
- I-ligrospinous ligament i-ligament encane ebuye isuka e-sacrum kuya emathanjeni ahleliwe, kodwa ayifuni ukuhlanganiswa okuningi njengegamento le-sacrotuberous.
Kokubili ama-sacrotuberous kanye ne-sacrospinous ligaments banciphisa ukuhamba kwe-sacrum. I-sacral flexion ibizwa ngokuthi i-nutation futhi ichazwa ngezansi.
Ngaphambili, umgogodla we-anterior umane nje ukwandiswa kwe-capsule ezungeze ukujoyina i-SI. I-ligament yangaphakathi isincane, ikakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemigqa ngemuva .
Izici ezihlangene ze-SI
Kumuntu omdala, ukuma kwesigxobo se-sacroiliac ku-oblong, kodwa kuguqulwa ngendlebe ekhonjiswe emuva futhi ekhonjiswe phambili.
Ngokumane nje ubeke, ukuhlanganiswa kufaka kakhulu indlebe noma ubhontshisi bezinso.
Ukuhlangana kwe-SI kuyathakazelisa ngoba kuhlukaniswa njengelinye uhlobo lokujoyina ngaphambili kanti omunye emuva.
Ngaphambili, kungumhlanganisi we-synovial (okukhulunywe ngenhla njenge-diarthrodial). Lolu hlobo lokuhlanganiswa ngokuvamile lunokuhamba okuningi, nakuba kungenjalo uma i-SI. (Ihlombe lakho nezindebe zingamalungu axhumene-cabanga ngokunyakaza okukhulu abangakwenza.)
Emuva, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-SI kuhlukaniswa njenge-syndesmosis. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amathambo amabili (sacrum and ilium) abanjwe ndawonye ngemigqa. Satshele ukuthi yiziphi izigameko eziphezulu.
Ukuphakama kwe-sacrum kanye ne-ilium-lapho umhlangano ophakathi kwalaba ababili kwenzeka khona-ugcwele i-cartilage (i-sacrum ihlanganiswe nohlobo oluhlukile lwe-cartilage kune-ilium), kanye nenani lezinkomba ezifana nezilinganiso nezigodi . (Lezi zitholakala phambili kuphela.)
Izindwangu zomzimba zethambo ngalinye elihlanganisa ukuhlangana kwe-SI zixhunyane; bavula ukudala ngaphambili kokujoyina. Ubuqotho obuhlangene be-SI bugcinwa kuphela ngale ndlela yokuxhumanisa kanye nemigqa.
Ngokuqondene nezinhlanzi, izingxenye ze-gluteus maximus nemisipha ye-piriformis iwela i-SI.
Yenzani I-SI Ehlangene?
Isihlanganisi se-SI sinesisindo somgogodla. Kungenxa yokudlulisela lesi sisindo endaweni ephakathi kwe-hip nonyawo, okuyaziwa ngokuthi umkhawulo ophansi. Iphinde idlulise amabutho ajikelezayo (okujikelezayo) ukusuka emkhawulweni ophansi oya yonke iminyango.
Isibonelo, ngenkathi uhamba, njengoba nje uqedile ukuthatha isinyathelo phambili, umlenze wakho wempuphu udluliselwa ngemuva kwakho futhi uphonsela inzwane enkulu. (Lokhu kuthiwa yi-"push off" phase of gait.) Kuleli phuzu, kukhona isikhala esincane phakathi kwamathambo amabili esihlangene se-SI. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-joint congruency noma i-"pack close" yehlangene. Isikhundla esiphezulu se-SI sihlangene sisiza ukudlulisa amandla avela emlonyeni omkhulu uma bedlulisela phezulu emkhawulweni ophansi, futhi badlulise i-sacrum futhi bangene emgodleni.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-SI kuphinda kuhambise isisindo somgogodla wakho emathanjeni ahleliwe (okuthiwa yi-tubicosity ischial), ngesikhathi sokuhlala.
Ukuhamba kwe-SI Joint.
Njengoba kukhulunywe ngenhla, noma ngabe ingxenye yangaphambili ye-SI ehlanganisiwe ibhekwa njenge-joint synovial, ine-degree encane yokunyakaza etholakalayo kuyo. Lokhu akuvamile kwesihlanganisi se-synovial. Esinye isizathu sokunyakaza okulinganiselwe ukuxhaswa kwesisindo esikhulu kanye nokudlulisela umthwalo wemfanelo, okudinga ukuzinza nokuxhuma okuphakathi kwe-sacrum ne-ilium.
Izingxenye zomhlangano we-sacroiliac zihlanganisa:
- Zombili amathambo e-hip aqhubekela phambili ngenkathi i-sacrum ihlala ibeka, ebizwa ngokuthi i-anterior innominate.
- Zombili izintambo ze-hip zibuyela emuva emuva ngenkathi i-sacrum ihlala ibizwa, ebizwa ngokuthi i-posterior innominate inclination
- I-bone eyodwa ye-hip ihamba phambili, enye ibheke emuva futhi i-sacrum ihlala ibeka. Lokhu kwenzeka uma uhamba futhi ubizwa ngokuthi ukuphikisana okungekho emthethweni.
- I-sacrum iguquguquka, okuthiwa i-nutation.
- I-sacrum iyaqhubeka, ebizwa ngokuthi i-counternutation.
Futhi ukunyakaza kokuhlanganyela kwe-SI kuncane; futhi, lapho i-sacrum ihamba, amathambo ase-hip angase ahambisane nayo.
> Imithombo:
> Kapandji, IA, "I-Physiology yama Joints". Uhlelo lwesihlanu. Churchill Livingstone. I-English Edition 1987. eNew York.
> Moore, K., Dalley, A. I-Anatomy eVulekile emitholampilo. Okwesishiyagalolunye. Edition. ULippincott, Williams & Wilkins. 2006. Baltimore.
> Pool-Goudzwaard A, Hoek van Dijke G, Mulder P, Spoor C, Snijders C, Stoeckart R .. I-ligolamentar ligament: ithonya layo ekuzinzekeni kokuhlanganyela kwe-sacroiliac. Clin Biomech Feb. 2003, Feb.