Izithiyo zokudlula ngaphambi kwe-telemedicine ziba ngokoqobo.
Imithwalo yabantu inama-smartphones agcwele izinhlelo zokusebenza. Imithwalo yabantu ibona odokotela nabanye abahlinzeki bezempilo bezokwelapha. Kodwa kungani izinketho zokuvakashela nodokotela usebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-smartphone lunqunyelwe?
Nakuba sinebuchwepheshe bokulalelwayo-kuhlanganisa amakhamera aphezulu kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-intanethi ye-broadband-ukuhambisa i- telemedicine nokuvakashela ihhovisi elifanele kanye nezokwelapha kubheka iqiniso, sinezithiyo eziningi zokudlula ngaphambi kokuvakashelwa kwegciwane lesiguli kube yinto evamile futhi le misha iyabaphazamisa ngaleyo ndlela ishintsha indlela umuthi owenziwa ngayo.
Kuyini i-Telemedicine?
Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe, i-telemedicine ivumela ukukhulumisana ngendlela emibili phakathi kothisha nesiguli ngesikhathi sangempela. Kusuka endaweni eyikude noma ye- hub , udokotela noma omunye umhlinzeki wezempilo welayisense uhlinzeka isiguli esitholakala kwisayithi elivela noma elikhulunywe . Isibonelo, i-cardiologist esikhungweni sesifunda angaqondisa isiguli ngesifo senhliziyo esibhedlela sasezindaweni zasemakhaya besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-telemedicine.
Nakuba ukusebenzisana kwangempela kwesikhathi somtholampilo kuyi-intuthuko yamuva, i-telemedicine iye yaqhubeka iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30. Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-"store-and-forward", i-pathologists kanye nama-radiologists sekuyisikhathi eside ubuyekeze izithombe zedijithali nokuqoshwa okuye kwadluliselwa kusuka kwenye indawo kuya kwenye.
Ngonyaka wezi-2012, cishe ingxenye yesibhedlela zonke zase-United States yathinteka nge-telemedicine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni wesifundazwe utshalwa imali kakhulu ku-telemedicine, kanti uMnyango wezeMpi wase-United States uVilenance Services uhlinzekwe yi-VA Telehealth Services.
Ngo-2014, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ama-veteran angaba ngu-28 000 ahlinzekwa odokotela ezindaweni ezikude besebenzisa izinsiza ze-telemedicine.
Intshisekelo yesifundazwe kanye nohulumeni ku-telemedicine ihlushwa yizinkathazo eziphathelene nezindleko ezikhulayo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ngokunikeza izinsizakalo ze-telemedicine, intengo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo izokwehla.
Kodwa-ke, akucaci ukuthi ngabe i-telemedicine izosindisa imali ngempela yini, futhi ucwaningo ngale ndaba lukhulu futhi aluhambisani
Izithiyo ze-Telemedicine
Yiqiniso, kunezinkokhelo ezibiza izindleko ze-telemedicine. Lezi zinzuzo ezifakiwe zifaka phakathi ukwehla kwezitini nezidakamizwa, ukunciphisa izindleko zokubuyiselwa ngabashuwalense, nokunciphisa izindleko zethuba elibhekene nesiguli ezibandakanya izindleko zokuhamba ezilinganiselwe kanye nokulahlekelwa isikhathi emsebenzini. Kodwa-ke, ngomqondo ongokomqondo, lezi zindlela eziphumelelayo azikaze zenziwe. Ngokuqondile, akukho cwaningo oluye lwafakazela ukuthi i-telemedicine inciphisa izindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-telemedicine ingase ifike nezindleko zayo ezihlukile, kubandakanya izindleko zokuba nabahlengikazi noma abanye abaqeqeshwe ukuthatha imiyalo nge-telemedicine, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ukufinyeleleka kalula kokudluliselwa kuyokwengeza ngempela imvamisa yokunakekelwa okuyinhloko nokuvakashelwa ochwepheshe.
Ngokuqondene nokuthuthukiswa kwezempilo, akucaci nokuthi ngabe i-telemedicine izozuzisa iziguli. Obunye ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi izinyathelo ze-telemedicine zinganciphisa ubude bokuhlala esibhedlela kubantu abanezinkinga zokuphefumula, isifo sikashukela kanye nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzuzo yokufa eye yahlotshaniswa nezinyathelo ze-telemedicine ezinikezwa iziguli ezinesifo senhliziyo.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifundo azibonisi inzuzo yezempilo ye-telemedicine, futhi asiqiniseki ukuthi ukuxhumana okubonakalayo kuzothuthukisa ikhwalithi yokunakekelwa ngaphandle kwendawo yokunakekelwa okunamandla noma ejulile. Azikho izifundo zesikhathi esigcwele ezenziwe ukuhlola imiphumela yekhwalithi yezempilo.
Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu nge-telemedicine ihlobene nokulayisense nokulawulwa kwemithetho. Odokotela bamalayisense wombuso wezokwelapha, futhi izinto zingathola inyembezi uma umhlinzeki wezempilo wezinye izifundazwe noma izwe ehola ukunakekelwa. Ukuze i-telemedicine ihambe ngokujwayelekile, odokotela abanikeza ukunakekelwa okukude kumele bavunyelwe ukwenza kanjalo.
Ukuvakashelwa kwehhovisi elihle kanye nokubonisana kuzokuguqula ubuhlobo bokuthintana phakathi kodokotela nesineke.
Isibonelo, ngokuhlangana okungavamile, akunakwenzeka kumhlinzeki ukuthi abeke izandla futhi ahlolisise isiguli. Iziguli eziningi zithola ukusebenzisana ubuso nobuso nodokotela beduduza futhi bangase bangafuni ukuvakashela nodokotela ngezindlela zedijithali.
Encwadini ehlobene nayo, i-telemedicine izoshintsha ukuguquguquka komsebenzi phakathi kwabaqeqeshiwe bezempilo. Njengamanje, ukunakekelwa okuningi kwezokwelapha kunikezwa ochwepheshe abaxhumana ngokuqondile nomunye nomunye. Kwenzekani lapho amanye amalungu eqembu esebenza kude?
Ngaphansi
Njengoba iziguli zibe tech tech savvy futhi zikhuphuka kugxile lula kanye nabashuwalense baba ngaphezulu-oriented, umdwebo telemedicine kanye virtual ukubonisana cishe kungenakuvinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, sisesekude kakhulu nephuzu, futhi ukuze i-telemedicine ihambe ngokujwayelekile, kudingeka siqonde ukuthi yini ezobuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe emiphumeleni ehloswe ngesiguli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani zomshuwalense nezinye izinhlangano zokunakekelwa ngokuziphendulela kumele zithole indlela yokwenza umsebenzi we-telemedicine ngomqondo wezezimali.
Imithombo ekhethiwe
Isihloko esithi "Ukuvakashelwa Okumangalisayo - Ukubhekana Nezinselele Ze-Telemedicine" nguJM Kahn kusukela ku- NEJM enyatheliswa ngo-2015. Ukutholakala ngomhla ka-7/3/5.
Isihloko esithi "Impembelelo yeTelehealthcare kwiNgcono nokuPhepha kokuNakekela: Ukubukeza okuhlelekile" nguS. S. McLean kanye nabalobi be- PLoS One eshicilelwe ngo-2013.