I-stroke, noma ingozi ye-cerebral vascular (CVA), ukuphazanyiswa okuphazamisayo ekuhlinzekeni kwegazi. Ukuphazanyiswa kungabangelwa ukufakwa kwamagciwane okuhlinzekela igazi ebuchosheni ( isicic stroke ) noma ekuphumeni kwegazi ebuchosheni (isifo esibi kakhulu). Imiphumela yesifo esithinta isisu kuncike endaweni yochungechunge ethintekile kanye nobukhulu bomonakalo kumcubu wengqondo nobubanzi kusukela emiphumeleni encane kuze kube sekufeni.
Isiphi Isibhedlela Esifanelekile?
Ngeshwa, ukushaywa yisisu yisisusa sesithathu esiholela ekufeni e-United States okwenza isidingo sokunakekelwa okwanele kokunakekelwa esibhedlela ngenxa yezisulu ezihlukunyezwayo ezibalulekile. Ukunquma ukuthi umuntu ulungile yini ukunakekelwa kokulandela izinhlungu ngemuva kokushaya isifo kuncike ebukhulu bemiphumela.
I-Stroke elula: Ukushaywa, njengokunye kokulimala ohlelweni lwezinzwa, kuthatha isikhathi ukubonisa ukusebenza kwayo okugcwele. Ngakho-ke, isisulu sokushaya isifo sizonikezwa isikhathi sokuqala ukuphulukiswa ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale noma yisiphi isiguli. Ngokuvamile, uma kungekho ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwezinzwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu, umbono wokuthola ngokugcwele ukhululekile. Ngakho-ke, indlela yokunakekelwa esibhedlela ngokuphazima kweso (acute) isifo sokuthi umuntu kufanele abe nalezi zimo ezilandelayo okungenani izinsuku ezintathu:
- I-Coma
- Isimo semifino esiqhubekayo
- Ukunciphisa izinga lokuqwashisa ngokweqile (ukucinywa) nge-contraction engavamile (myoclonus)
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu zokuqala, ezinye izici zisiza ekunqumeni ukufaneleka kokuphila nokulinda. Lezi zici zibandakanya izimpendulo ezingavamile ze-neurological ezifana nokungaphenduli ekuvuseleleni okubuhlungu. Ukukhula kweminyaka kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kunomthelela kumphumela futhi. Iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-70 yandisa amathuba okufa.
Stroke Eqhubekayo: Ukufa ngenxa yokushaywa yisifo kungenzeka ngemva kwesikhathi sokuhlasela kokuqala. I-stroke eshiya ukwehluleka okuphawulekayo kwegazi ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi isifo esingapheli noma isifo esingenasifo saso. Ngokunakekelwa kwezempilo okwanele nokuvuselelwa, abanye abantu bayakwazi ukuthola umsebenzi olahlekile. Abanye bangase bangaphenduli kahle futhi bazoqhubeka nokuhlaselwa empilweni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi banakekelwa kangakanani. Yilapho ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative kuyafaneleka.
Izinto ezihlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yokufa ngenxa yesifo esingapheli zihlanganisa i-dysphagia, noma inkinga yokugwinya, okungabangela ukungondleki noma ukufisa ukuphefumula okubangelwa ukugcoba noma ukufisa ukudla. Uma lo muntu ethola ukudla okwenziwe nge- nasogastric (NG) noma i- gastrostomy (G) tube futhi namanje ebonisa izimpawu zokungondleki ngokulahlekelwa kwesisindo esikhulu, umbono ubumpofu. Ukutheleleka okuvame ukuvuthwa kwe-urinary , ukutheleleka kwegazi, kanye nemifudu ephindaphindiwe ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo nakho kuyimpawu zokuhlushwa okubi.
Ukuphathwa kwesimpawu
Ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative noma ukunakekelwa kwe-hospice nge-stroke ephawulekayo noma isifo esingenasifo esiyingqayizivele esisuka kuhlangothi olugxile ekulawuleni izifo. Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lwezinzwa luhilelekile ekusebenzeni cishe kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlelo zomzimba, izimpawu ezicindezelayo ezidinga ukwelashwa zingahlukahluka kakhulu.
Ukungahambi kahle nezinye izifo noma izimo kungabangela ubuhlungu njengokungathi ukuhlukunyezwa kwamascle okuzibandakanya noma izikhala ezihlobene nomonakalo wezinzwa. I-pneumonia yokuphefumula ingaholela ku- dyspnea ; ukunxanxathela, ukuhlanza nokuqothulwa kungabangelwa izici eziningana ezibandakanya imithi nokudla; izilonda esikhwameni kusukela ekungabikho komzimba (izilonda zombhede) zingakhululekile noma zibuhlungu; futhi ukukhathazeka, ukungazitholi, nokucindezeleka kungabangela ukulimala ezindaweni zobuchopho noma kwinkqubo yokufa ngokwayo.
Ukufinyelela ekunakekelweni kwezilwane ngokushesha uma kuvela kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izimpawu ziphethwe kahle futhi zizokusiza ukukulungiselela lokho okuzayo.