Izinzuzo, ukungafani nokuhlukana phakathi kwama-HSA kanye nama-FSAs
Ama-Akhawunti Okuchitha Nge-flexible nama-Akhawunti Yokulondoloza Impilo ngamathuba amabili aseMelika angakhetha ukubeka eceleni imali ekukhokhweni kwabo ukuze basebenzise izindleko zezokwelapha. Ukubeka eceleni kusho ukuthi imali ingena ku-akhawunti ukuze usebenzise kamuva. I-akhawunti ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo nemithetho ehlukene yokusetshenziswa. Kukhona ukufana okuphawulekayo nokungafani phakathi kwama- akhawunti e-Flexible Spending (FSAs) nama-Akhawunti Yokulondoloza Impilo (ama-HSA).
Ukufana Okubaluleke Kakhulu Phakathi kwe-FSAs ne-HSAs
Ukubaluleka okubaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwama-akhawunti amabili ukuthi uvumelekile ukubeka eceleni imali ngaphambi kokuba ukhokhe intela yentela kuwo. Uma nje leyo mali isetshenziselwa kuphela "izindleko ezifanelekayo" (bheka ngezansi) khona-ke awusoze ukhokhe intela yentela kulowo mali.
Leyo ntela ekhokhwa ngaphambili ingafaka kuze kube yimali enkulu yokulondoloza kuwe. Isibonelo: Uma usebenzisa imali engu-$ 500 ngezinkokhelo ezihlobene nempilo ngemuva kokuthi ukhokhe intela yentela, kungenzeka ukuthi ufanele uthole imali engu- $ 650 ukuze uqale nge-$ 500 ukuze uqale (kuye ngokuthi yiliphi ibhakha lentela ongaphakathi.) Uma ubeka leyo mali zibe i-HSA noma i-FSA, okusho ukuthi akudingeki ukhokhe intela kuwo, khona-ke kufanele uthole imali engu-R500 kuphela ukuze uthole leyo $ 500. Empeleni, usebenze amahora ambalwa ukuze uthole leyo mali, futhi izindleko zakho ezihlobene nempilo zaziyi-$ 150 ngaphansi.
Umehluko Omkhulu Phakathi kwe-FSAs kanye ne-HSAs
Phawula umehluko wokuqala, ovame ukuhlanganiswa uma kuqhathaniswa bobabili.
I-FSA i-akhawunti yokuchitha imali . Lokho kubonisa ukuthi kulindeleke ukuba uchithe imali oyibeke eceleni phakathi nonyaka okubekwa eceleni. I-HSA i-akhawunti yokulondoloza , okusho ukuthi ungayilondoloza leyo mali uze uyidinge, ngisho noma ungayidingi kuze kube seminyaka eminingi.
Okubalulekile kwe-Akhawunti ye-Flexible Spending
I-akhawunti yokusebenzisa imali eguquguqukayo iyinhlangano eyodwa yonyaka owodwa.
Inyanga ngayinye kulolo nyaka, inani lemali oyilungiselele ngaphambilini lizonqunywa kusuka ekukhokhweni kwakho futhi lifakwe ku-akhawunti ukuze usebenzise kulo nyaka. Ungasebenzisa leyo mali nganoma yikuphi " izindleko ezifanelekile " njengoba kunqunywe yi-Internal Revenue Service (IRS).
Izindleko ezifanelekayo zingase zithole ukwelashwa, kodwa zingase zibe nokunakekelwa kwansuku (kubantwana noma asebekhulile, abantu abadala abaxhomekile), nabo. I-IRS igcina uhlu olubuyekeziwe lwezindleko zezokwelapha ezifanelekayo ze-FSA.
Ukuze usebenzise imali oyibeke eceleni, uhambisa irisidi yezindleko ezifanele kumuntu othile enkampanini yakho okhethiwe ukuba aphathe lawo amarisidi. Lowo muntu uthumele amarisidi akho esikhungweni esithatha i-FSA yakho futhi ubuyiselwa imali leyo ku-akhawunti yakho. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, abanye abaqashi amakhulu baye baqala ukukhipha amakhadi okudonswa ukufinyelela ngqo ku-FSA yakho ngakho ngeke kudingeke ukuthi uhambe ngenqubo yokuthola iresidi.
Isihluthulelo se-FSA ukuthi siyisebenzisa-noma-noma-silahlekelwa. Imali owabeka eceleni konyaka owodwa kufanele isetshenziswe kulowo nyaka, noma iyolahlekelwa. Yingakho kubalulekile ukulinganisa ukuthi ucabanga ukuthi uzochitha kanjani izindleko ezifanelekayo unyaka ngamunye.
Njengoba kunjalo kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lukahulumeni, uzofuna ukwazi imigomo yokusetshenziswa kwe-FSAs ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-FSA iyinkululeko enhle kuwe.
Sibutsetelo se-Akhawunti Yokulondoloza Impilo
I-akhawunti yokulondolozwa kwempilo ingumnyaka weminyaka eminingi, mhlawumbe ngisho nokuphila konke eceleni kwe-akhawunti. Ama-deposit kuya ku-akhawunti angase avele ngqo kusuka ekukhokhweni kwakho, umqashi wakho angase afake idiphozi kwi-akhawunti, noma ungenza idiphozi ngokwakho. Njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla, imali egcinwe ku-HSA ayikho intela engenayo.
Uma kufika isikhathi sokuthi ukhokhele i-ephaketheni yezindleko zezokwelapha ezifanelekile , ungase uzibuyise ngokwakho ku-HSA yakho. Ngokungafani ne-FSA, izindleko eziphathelene nezokwelapha noma ezempilo kuphela ezifanele ukukhokhelwa kwi-HSA yakho. Uma ususa imali nganoma yisiphi esinye isizathu, kuyoba ngaphansi kwentela futhi kungenzeka izinhlawulo.
I-IRS igcina uhlu lwezindleko zezokwelapha ezifanelekela i-HSA. Lolu hlu lubandakanya ukukhokhela, ukukhipha imali, izindleko zezidakamizwa, izimpahla zezokwelapha ezihlala njalo njengezinyosi noma izibuko.
Inzuzo enkulu ku-HSA yiyo ukuthi imali ihlale ingeyakho ukugcina noma ukusebenzisa. Akupheli ekupheleni konyaka. Ungalondoloza leyo mali engenayo intela ku-HSA ngenkathi usu-20s, futhi ungalokothi usebenzise kuze kube yilapho usu-60s wakho - noma ngisho nangemva kwalokho.
Nakuba kubonakala sengathi i-akhawunti enjalo yokulondoloza ingaba umbono omuhle kuwo wonke umuntu, akuwona wonke umuntu ovunyelwe ukuba ne-HSA. Kuphela labo abanesishuwalense sempilo yesikhwama sempilo ephakeme esingaba yi-HSA kuphela abangabeka i-HSA ukuze bazuze inzuzo yentela. Imithetho yokuthi izinga elidonswayo kufanele libe liphakeme kangakanani, futhi kungakanani okusindiswayo okuhluka konyaka.
Ngaphambi kokusetha i-HSA, uzofuna ukuqonda ngokucacile ukuthi i-HSA isebenza kanjani , nokuthi ifakwe kanjani uhlelo lokushuwalulwa kwemishanguzo ephezulu, kanye nemigomo nemingcele yokugcina nokubuyisela.