Yingakho izinga eliphezulu lephansi le-sodium yinto enkulu.
Ama-electrolyte omzimba wethu ayizici ezithile ezibalulekile empilweni. Basithinta ngezindlela ezijulile. Konke okuvela kusizukulwane sesisindo samandla kagesi kuya emgogodini wegciwane lesisindo, kusukela emzimbeni wamanzi omzimba kuya kwisigqi senhliziyo yethu, nokuningi, kuxhomeke kuma-electrolyte afana ne-sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, nokunye okusemkhakheni othile (futhi wena wacabanga ukuthi uthatha i-electrolyte ukuze unciphise i-cramp!).
Eqinisweni, ukuphila njengoba siyazi, ngeke kube khona ngaphandle kwalezi zakhi eziyingxenye eyinkimbinkimbi yemvelo yethu.
Ake sifinyelele emkhakheni ojulile ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ukuphila kwethu bekungeke kwenzeke ngaphandle kwalezi electrolytes. Lezi zakhi ezibonakala sengathi zilula ziyilo bhuloho elixhuma nathi ekuzalweni komkhathi wethu wonke. Udidekile? Nansi incazelo elula. Lokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-electrolytes yizici ezisemqoka (njenge-sodium, i-potassium, noma i-magnesium) ekhona ngesikhathi sekuseni kwendawo yonke.
Ngokwesibonelo, i-magnesium yenziwa yi-fusion nyukliya yezinkanyezi. Ekugcineni, lapho inkanyezi iqhuma ibe yindawo enkulu enkulu ye-nova, i-magnesium isakazeka kulo lonke i-Universe nakumzimba wethu. Yebo, kunesisindo esincane kithi sonke! Ngesikhathi imbongi yasePheresiya yekhulu le-13, uRumi udumile wabhala, "siza ukuphelelwa yize, sichitha izinkanyezi njengothuli", wayeyiqiniso ngeqiniso.
I-Electrolytes ne-Kidney
Ake sihlole ama-electrolyte nezinkinga zabo kusuka ekubhekaneni nakakhulu. Ukungajwayelekile kwe-electrolyte kuvame kakhulu ezinkingeni zezinso ngenxa yesizathu esilula -yizinso eziyinhloko ebalulekile ekugcineni amazinga avamile we-electrolytes amaningi .
Ngakho-ke, lezi zimo ezingavamile ziwumphumela wokusebenza okungavamile kwezinso , kunokuba imbangela.
Zombili amazinga aphansi nephezulu a-electrolyte angabonakala lapho izinso zingasebenzi, kodwa zingaba nezinye izimbangela eziningi ezingekho ngqo. Imininingwane egciniwe yezo zonke izizathu ezikhona kanye nokwelashwa kwayo okungeyona ingxenye yalesi sihloko. Kodwa-ke, nansi ukubuka kabanzi okuphathelene nezindaba ezihlobene namazinga ajwayelekile we-sodium.
I-Hyponatremia: Umbuso Wezinga Eliphansi LeSodium
Ngokuvamile, izinga le-sodium egazini elingaphansi kuka-135 meq / L libhekwa njengelijwayelekile, futhi libizwa nge-hyponatremia. Izakhi ezimbili eziyinhloko zezinga le-sodium egazini, (a) inani le-sodium egazini, futhi (b) inani lamanzi egazini. Eziningi izifo zithi, izinga eliphansi le-sodium akuyona inkinga yokungabi nalutho lwe-sodium, kodwa empeleni ukwedlulela kwamanzi ngenani le-sodium (eligcina ngokuqeda ngokucophelela okuqukethwe kwe-sodium).
Khumbula, uma sikala izinga le-sodium egazini, akusiyo inani eliphelele le-sodium, kodwa empeleni ukugxila kwethu esikubukayo. Okusho ukuthi okuqukethwe kwamanzi egazini kuzothinta ukuhlushwa kwe-sodium. Ukuqonda lo mqondo kubalulekile ekuqapheliseni ukuthi kungani i-sodium iwela kwezinye izifo, nokuthi kungani ukwelashwa akuzona "ukudla usawoti / sodium" njalo.
Ezinye zezimbangela ezivamile zamazinga aphansi ase-sodium zilandelayo: (lokhu akulona uhlu oluphelele):
- Ukulahlekelwa kwangempela kwe-sodium egazini : Lokhu kungase kwenzeke kusuka ehudo, ukuhlanza, ukujuluka ngokweqile, njll. Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala kumgijimi amade asekude lapho ukulahleka kwe-sodium ngokujuluka kuqhuma kakhulu ngokungenwa komlomo kwamanzi nje ngaphandle kosawoti, okuqhubekayo ukukhulisa ukwehla kwe-sodium. Lokhu kungase kube ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kuholele emiphumeleni esongela ukuphila kuhlanganise nokugubha.
- Amanzi amaningi ngokweqile : Lawa angabandakanya ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, isibindi, nokuhluleka kwezinso.
- I-SIADH : Lokhu kusho ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone engavumelekile ye-antidiuretic. I-ADH, noma i-AntiDiuretic Hormone iyi-hormone eyenziwa yi-hypothalamus ebuchosheni, futhi ilawula inani lamanzi agcinwe yizinso. Lapho inani eliphakeme kakhulu le-ADH likhishwa, lizokwenza izinga le-sodium egazini liwehlise.
- Izimbangela ze-Hormonal : amazinga aphansi wegciwane, noma i-hypothyroidism, ukungakwazi ukusebenza kahle
- Amazwe lapho ukungena ngokweqile kwe-fluid kungase kube yinkinga : Lokhu kungabangelwa yi-polydipsia eyinhloko, lapho ukuphuza ngokweqile kwamanzi kuyonciphisa i-sodium egazini, okubangela ukudakwa ngokweqile kwamanzi. Isimo esifanayo singadalwa ngokusetshenziswa kwamanani amaningi ebhiya, okubizwa ngokuthi "i-potomania yobhiya".
Ukwelashwa kwe-Hyponatremia
Uma izinga eliphansi le-sodium liqinisekisiwe ekuhlolweni kwegazi, ukwelashwa kuzoxhomeke kulokho okubangela imbangela ye-sodium ephansi, futhi ngisho nangendlela esheshayo ngayo. Isibonelo, emanzini amaningi ngokweqile emzimbeni (njengokwehluleka kwe-heart congestive noma i-SIADH), ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi noma amasu ahlose ekuthuthukiseni amanzi okuphuma emzimbeni asethwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezindaweni lapho kukhona khona udoti / sodium emzimbeni okwehluleka khona, esikhundleni salolu sodium ngamaphilisi okusawoti noma njengengxenye ye-fluid IV. Ukulungiswa okusheshayo kungaba yingozi, ikakhulu uma i-hyponatremia iphikisiwe isikhashana.
I-hypernatremia: I-Case of Soo Level High kakhulu
Izinga legazi le-sodium eliphakeme kunama-145 meq / L libhekwa ngokuthi "hypernatremia". Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-hypernatremia ukuphakama kwe-sodium eyenziwe ngenxa yokungabi namanzi . Ngakho-ke, izifo zithi zihlobene nokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, noma ukwandisa ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi emzimbeni (njengokushukela kwesifo sikashukela, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, isifo sohudo njll) kungabangela ukuxoshwa komzimba. Umuntu ovamile uqala ukuthola ukuzwa okunomsolo lapho amazinga e-sodium eqala ukukhuphuka egazini. Uma nje bengenawo amanzi, izinga le-sodium kufanele lihle. Kodwa inkinga ivela uma abantu bengenawo amanzi, noma uma belahlekelwa amanzi amaningi kusuka ezinsweni noma emathunjini, noma uma bengakwazi ukuzwa ukoma (njengoba kungenzeka kubagulayo asebekhulile). Njengoba i-hypernatremia iningi ithi kuhilela ukungcola amanzi, amasu wokwelashwa afaka ukuphathwa kwamanzi ahlanzekile e-IV, noma ukuthambisa ngamanzi ngomlomo.
Lapha njengezinye zezimbangela ezivamile ezingeni eliphezulu le-sodium egazini:
- Ukulahlekelwa ngokweqile kwamanzi esikhumbeni, njengoba kungase kwenzeke ekujuleni okukhulu noma ukushisa
- Ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi kusuka emathunjini / isifo sohudo
- I-diabetes insipidus, isimo lapho amanzi amaningi elahlekile emcinini
- Ukungakwazi ukuzwa ukoma ngenxa yezinkinga ngengxenye ethile yobuchopho obulawula ukoma (okubizwa nge-hypothalamus)
- I-overload sodium noma u-salt poisoning: Lokhu kungenzeka ngokulawulwa ngengozi kwe-saline okugxilile kakhulu ezigulini lapho kuhlinzekwa khona "salpertonic" saline (ngokwesibonelo, lapho kunzima ukulimala ikhanda). Amanani amaningi okudla usawoti angakwazi ukuholela kulokhu futhi. Eqinisweni, usawoti ungangena esikhunjeni ezinganeni, into ebonwa njengento eyinkimbinkimbi yesimo "salting" esenziwa kwezinye izingxenye zaseTurkey.
Iyiphi Impumelelo I-sodium Ephezulu noma Ephansi Eyakho?
Izimpawu zamazinga ajwayelekile angama-sodium zixhomeke ebukhulu bokungajwayelekile, nokushesha kokuthuthukiswa kwawo. Zingaba nezibonakaliso ezinomzimba ezinjengezinyosi, ezinzima kakhulu ezinjengezinto ezingajwayelekile, izinguquko zomculo, izinguquko zesigqi senhliziyo, njll. Ukuhlukunyezwa okwesabekayo kwezinga lezinga le-sodium eliphansi ngokweqile kuyingozi yokubamba. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kuyadingeka.
> Imithombo:
> Halawa I, Andersson T, Tomson T., Hyponatremia kanye nobungozi bokuthinteka: ukutadisha okuhlangenwe nakho okuphindaphindiwe. Epilepsia. 2011 Feb; 52 (2): 410-3. i-doi: 10.1111 / j.1528-1167.2010.02939.x. Epub 2011 Jan 26.
> Sanghvi SR, Kellerman PS, Nanovic L, Beer Potomania: Isizathu esingavamile se-Hyponatremia ku-Risk High of Complications Ukusuka Kokulungiswa Kamuva, AJKD, Okthoba 2007I-Volume 50, Issue 4, Amakhasi 673-680.
> Isifo se-antidiuretic hormone esingavumelekile, i-medlineplus.gov, ebuyekeziwe ngo-Okthoba 2015.