Imigomo njengokuthi 'Ukusebenza Okuphezulu Kwe-Autism' Kungase Kudideke
Akukho ukuxilongwa okusemthethweni okubizwa ngokuthi "i-autism esebenzayo" (i-HFA), futhi akukho ncazelo evumelwaneni yokusebenza okuphezulu. Ngakho kusho ukuthini leli gama? Ngendlela ejwayelekile, " ukusebenza kwe-autism ephezulu " kungase kusho noma yikuphi okulandelayo:
- "umuntu onamabonakaliso amancane , okuthi, naphezu kobumnene bawo, abalulekile ngokwanele ukuba afanele ukuhlolwa kwe-autism spectrum" noma ...
- "umuntu one-autism ongu-IQ ophakeme kunama-70" noma ...
- "umuntu ono-autism ohamba ngokuphumelelayo nesikole esivamile noma indawo yokusebenza" noma ...
- "umuntu okwazi ukugubha izimpawu ze-autism ngempumelelo ukuze abe nezindlela ezilindelekile futhi angadlulisela" i-neurotypical "noma ...
- "umuntu oye waxilongwa nge-Asperger Syndrome."
Njengoba ungabona, i-HFA yomuntu oyedwa ... i-HFA yomuntu oyedwa. Engeza kulokhu iqiniso lokuthi abantu abaningi abane-autism bangase baqhakazile, baphumelele futhi babe nezimpawu ezinzima (njengokukhathazeka nokungasebenzi kahle ) okubangela kakhulu ukusebenza kwabo kwansuku zonke. Okubalulekile: HFA ngempela kunzima ukuchaza.
Kungani Ukuphakama Okuphezulu Kwe-Autism Akufani Ne-Asperger Syndrome
Kuze kube ngo-2013, abantu abaningi abangase bathi kuthiwa babe ne-autism esebenzayo babhekwa ukuthi bane- Asperger syndrome noma i- PDD-NOS (i-Pervasive Developmental Disorder) .
- I-Asperger syndrome yayiyi-diagnosis ecacile eyayichaza umuntu ofundiswayo ophakeme noma ophakeme kune-average kanye namakhono olimi aneminyaka yobudala obesebenenkinga enkulu yokuxhumana nabantu.
- I-PDD-NOS yayiyi-catch-all diagnosis. Ngokuvamile kuqondwa ukuthi kusho into efana nokuthi "i-autistic esebenzayo," ihlanganisa abantu kuzo zonke amazinga asebenzayo izimpawu zazo ezingahambisani ngokugcwele ne-autism yama-classic.
Kusukela ngo-2013, ngokushicilelwa kwe-DSM-5, noma i-PDD-NOS noma i-Asperger syndrome yizigaba ezisemthethweni zokuxilonga e-United States.
Mhlawumbe okubaluleke nakakhulu, abantu abane-Asperger Syndrome (igama elisasetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile bacabanga ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwanyamalala) kubonakala kubelana ngezici ezithile zomuntu ezingabelwe yibo bonke abantu abane-IQ ephakeme ne-autism. Isibonelo, ukukhathazeka kuvamise uphawu lwe-Asperger Syndrome engabelwe yiwo wonke umuntu ongachazwa njengo-HFA.
Ingabe 'i-Level 1' i-Autism iyafana nokuthi 'Ukusebenza Okuphezulu Kwe-Autism?'
Njengoba i-DSM-5, esikhundleni sezinhlelo zokuxilonga ezihlukene, kuneqembu elilodwa nje labantu abaningi ababhekene ne-Autism Spectrum Disorder. Kodwa abantu abane-autism namanje bahluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kucacise lokhu kwahluka, i-DSM-5 ihlanganisa namazinga asebenzayo. Abantu abaqhakazile futhi bekhuluma (futhi ngaleyo ndlela, okuthiwa okungenani, badinga ukwesekwa okungaphansi) ngokuvamile banikwa ukuxilongwa kwe Level 1 Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Kodwa umuntu ophethe i-Level 1 Autism Spectrum Disorder abukeka kanjani? Impendulo ifana nabantu abahlukunyezwayo. Ngokwesibonelo:
- Bangasebenzisa ulimi olufanele iminyaka, bafunde, babhale, benze izibalo, babonise uthando, baqede imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Noma kunjalo, abakwazi ukubamba ukuxhumana kwamehlo, balondoloze ingxoxo, bahlanganyele ekudlaleni, noma bathathe izinkomba zenhlalo.
- Sinenkulumo ephawulekayo yokukhulumisana nokukhuluma ulimi kodwa bayakwazi ukuhlanganyela ohlelweni lokufunda oluhlangene ngenxa yamakhono abo okufundela ubudala.
- Inkulumo enobumnene nokulibaziseka komphakathi kodwa kunezinkinga ezinkulu ezinengqondo ezenza kube nzima ukuba bahlanganyele ohlelweni lokufunda oluhlangene.
- Banobunzima obunzima, ukukhubazeka kokufunda, nezinselele-kodwa banamazwi afanelekayo asezingeni elidala namakhono angavamile emculweni, ematheksthini nasebunjiniyela.
Ngamafuphi, ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla nezinselelo kungapheli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umqondo we-"Level 1" we-autism ubuhle kakhulu.
Kubonakala sengathi abantu abahlakulela umqondo we "Levels of Support" babecabanga ngendlela ejwayelekile-okungukuthi, abantu abane-Level 3 autism badinga ukwesekwa abanamakhono angu-24/7, kuyilapho abantu abanezinga le-autism bengenalo.
Ukusekela Kakhulu Kangakanani Ukusebenza 'Okuphakemeyo' Okudingwa Yilowo nalowo?
Ngenkathi abantu abambalwa abanesimo se-autism "esebenza kahle" badinga usizo ngezindlu zangasese noma ukuhlanzeka okuyisisekelo, bangase badinga kakhulu ukusekelwa okuhle kwezinye izilungiselelo. Isibonelo, umuntu oqhakazile kakhulu ophethe izinkinga ezinkulu, ukukhathazeka, nokubekezela kungenzeka empeleni abe nesikhathi esinzima endaweni yokusebenzela kunomuntu ongekho ohlakaniphile obhekene nokukhathazeka okuncane kanye nezinkinga ezimbalwa zokuzizwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu "ophansi ukusebenza" angase asebenzise iningi losuku lwakhe esimweni esisekelwe lapho kungenzeka ukuthi ukuxhumana okuyingozi kungasondela. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, umuntu "osebenza kahle" i-autism angadinga ukuhamba emhlabeni wezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi nezingozi. Ubani odinga ukusekelwa okwengeziwe ngaphansi kwalezi zimo?
Azikho izimpendulo ezilula
I-Autism iyinkimbinkimbi-hhayi ngoba abantu abane-autism bayamangalisa, kodwa ngoba izincazelo ezishintshayo ze-autism zisho ukuthi asikwazi ukufika esiphethweni sokugcina.
Futhi hhayi kuphela izincazelo ezishintshayo, kodwa kanjalo nokulindela komphakathi okwenza ukuphakama okuphezulu kwe-autism kuyinselele kangaka. Esikhathini esidlule, isibonelo, ukuxhumana ubuso nobuso kwakuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo yomuntu siqu; Namuhla, abantu abaningi abanezinselele zenhlalo bangaphezu kokukwazi ukuxhumana nabanye nge-intanethi, ukwenza abangane ngokusebenzisa imithombo yezokuxhumana, ngisho nokuyeka umsebenzi kude. Amanye amabhizinisi aqasha abantu abasebenzisa imisebenzi ephakeme ye-autistic ngenxa yamakhono abo ahlukile, kuyilapho abanye bengacabangi ukuqasha umuntu onamakhono omphakathi okwehla.
Uma lokhu kukushiya uzizwa ukuthi incazelo yokusebenza ephezulu i-autism icacile njengodaka, awusodwa! Okungenani manje, kodwa-ke, uyaqonda ukuthi kungani leli gama lilukhuni kakhulu ukukhohliswa-futhi uyazi ukuthi uyinkampani enhle.