I-PDD-NOS ayisekho, kodwa izimpawu zisaseduze!
Uma uye wabandakanyeka nezwe le-autism iminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka embalwa, kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile ngesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-PDD-NOS (ingozi yokuthuthukiswa egcwele engakaze ichazwe). Ungase ube nomntwana othole ukutholakala kwe-PDD-NOS. Kungenzeka ukuthi utshelwe ukuthi ukuxilongwa okusho ukuthi "ku-autism spectrum, kodwa hhayi ukuwela ngaphansi kwanoma yimiphi imikhakha ekhona ye-autism."
Kungani i-PDD-NOS engekho isikhathi eside
Namuhla, ungasesha ibhukwana lokuxilonga kuze kube phakade, futhi ungalokothi uthole ukuxilongwa okunjalo . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ikhona iminyaka embalwa nje kuphela futhi yanyamalala phakade. Lokhu akusho ukuthi izimpawu zaphela, noma ngisho nokuthi kunabantu abambalwa abanezimpawu ezihlobene ne-PDD-NOS. Esikhundleni salokho, kusho ukuthi i-PDD-NOS iyisigaba sokuxilonga esikhashana.
I-PDD-NOS yafakwa okokuqala ku-DSM ngo-1987, nakuba yayingachazwa kahle:
Lesi sigaba kufanele sisetshenziswe uma kunokukhubazeka kokufaneleka ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenzisana kwezenhlalo kanye nokukhulumisana okukhulunywe ngomlomo nokungaqondile, kepha izinqubo azitholakali ze-Autistic Disorder, i-Schizophrenia, noma i-Schizotypal noma i-Schizoid Personality Disorder. Abanye abantu abanalo ukuxilongwa bazobonisa irekhodi elikhawulelwe lemisebenzi nezithakazelo, kodwa abanye ngeke.
Ngonyaka ka-2000, i-Manual Diagnostic and Statistical yabhala izifo ezinhlanu ezawela ngaphansi kwesigaba "sezinkinga zokuthuthukiswa eziqhubekayo" (PDDs).
Lezi zihlanganisa i-autism, i- Asperger syndrome , i- Rett syndrome , i-syndrome ye-X ebuthakathaka, ne-PDD-NOS.
Uma i-DSM-5 ishicilelwe ngo-2013, noma kunjalo, igama elithi PDD-NOS "lanyamalala" ezincwadini zokuxilonga. Iningi labantu abathintekayo lazizwa sengathi likhulu kakhulu futhi aliqondi kahle ukuthi liyisifo esiwusizo.
Ngabantu abangu-DSM-5, abantu abaningi abaye bahlaselwa i-PDD-NOS manje bazocatshangwa ukuthi bane- "autism spectrum" yokuxilongwa esikhundleni.
Yiziphi Izibonakaliso ze-PDD-NOS?
Ngaphambi kuka-2013 kanye ne-DSM-5, izingane eziningi zinezibonakaliso ezithile ze-PDD eyodwa kanye nezinye izimpawu zenye, kodwa okwanele kunoma iyiphi yezinkinga ezine eziqondile zokuthola ukuxilongwa. Ngamanye amazwi, ngenkathi becacile ukulibaziseka kokuxhumana nabantu kanye nezinye izimpawu, babengenayo i- Rett syndrome, i-X enesibindi, i-Asperger syndrome, noma i-autism. Ngenxa yalokho, bathola ukubanjwa konke-ukuxilongwa kwe-PDD-NOS.
Izingane ezine-PDD-NOS zingase zibe nezimpawu ezincane noma ezinzima. Kungenzeka ukuthi bebahlakaniphile noma bebambezeleka ngokucophelela. Kungenzeka ukuthi bebazwakalisa amazwi noma bangabi ngamazwi. Ngakho-ke iphuzu elilodwa kuphela elivamile, ngakho-ke, kwakuyizinye kodwa hhayi zonke izimpawu zanoma iyiphi enye i-PDDs.
Ehlangothini eliphezulu, i-PDD-NOS yanikezela ukhetho lokuxilonga odokotela ababheke abantwana abanobubanzi obuhlukile obungabonakali bungafani nesigaba esithile. Ohlangothini olungezansi, isigaba sasijwayelekile futhi singacacile ukuthi sitshele abazali, abahlinzeki, nabafundisi kakhulu.
Ngokungafani nesigaba samanje se-Asperger syndrome, okwakungenye igama elithi "i-autism ephezulu," i- PDD-NOS ingasho cishe noma yini.
Nakuba abaningi besalila ukulahlekelwa isigaba se-Aspergers esiwusizo (futhi abaningi basasebenzisa leli gama!), Bambalwa kakhulu kubonakala bengaphuthelwa i-PDD-NOS.
Imithombo:
> Grinker, Roy. Ukukhathazeka Okuthuthukayo Okuqhubekayo Phakathi Neminyaka E-DSM. Hlanganisa Izingqondo. Iwebhu. ND.
> King, BH, Navot, N., Bernier, R., & Webb, SJ (2014). Buyekeza ekuhlelweni kokuxilonga ku-autism. I-Opinion yamanje ku-Psychiatry , 27 (2), 105-109. http://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000040