Uma uqapha isisindo somntanakho noma uzama ukumsiza ukuthi alahlekelwe isisindo, ungase uzibuze ukuthi yimaphi amathuluzi onawo ngaphandle kwamaningi omzimba wesikhombisi (BMI). Kusukela i-BMI ingabala amanoni emzimbeni ngokuqondile, futhi ayilinganisi umzimba omzimba oqinile-ubonisa nje isisindo somntwana ngokuphakama kwakhe-ungase uthande ukucabangela ezinye izindlela. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuyaqaphela ukuthi inani lamanoni omzimba kanye nokumisa kwengane elithintekayo lingathinta impilo yakhe yamanje kanye nezingozi zezempilo zangomuso.
Kodwa amasu ayatholakala kubantu abadala awafaneleki ngaso sonke isikhathi izingane. Nakhu ukubuka okukhethwa kukho.
Izinyathelo Eziphansi
Isikhathi esinqunyiwe: Ukuze ubone ukuthi ingane yakho iyancipha yini, ikakhulukazi njengoba ikhula ngokuphakama, kungaba usizo ukuletha ithempulethi yesilinganiso. Ungayisebenzisa ukuze ulinganise umjikelezo wesinqe somntwana wakho (ingxenye encane kunazo zonke phakathi kwembambo ephansi kunazo zonke kanye naphezulu kwe-hipbone). Esicwaningweni esibandakanya izingane ezingu-201 ezineminyaka engama-7 kuya ku-17, abacwaningi e-University of Cincinnati bathole ukuthi ukuxhuma okunamandla kakhulu kokusabalalisa amafutha kwakungokwemvelo, ngakho kwenza kube yindlela elula kakhulu yokulinganisa ukusabalalisa kwamafutha omzimba.
Ukuqina kwesithombeni: Ukusebenzisa iqoqo labaqaphi ukukala ubukhulu besikhumba ngamaphuzu ahlukahlukene emzimbeni, le nqubo ingakwazi ukuhlola "amafutha" athile kanye nama-fat deposit ehlukile kumazingane nakwabantu abadala.
Ngenkathi le nqubo ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlola izinguquko kumntwana onikeziwe, idatha yokubhekisela ewusizo yokuqhathanisa ingane neontanga yakhe idinga ukuthuthukiswa. Omunye umkhawulo: Awukwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ubuningi be-fat-free (noma obunzima).
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-impedance ye-bioelectric (BIA): Le nqubo isebenzisa ama-electrode asebekwe esihlakaleni nasezinsikeni ukuqhuba amancane kagesi emzimbeni ukuze anqume ukuphikiswa okungakanani ekudluleleni kwawo.
Uma kunamafutha omzimba okwedlula, kunzima kakhulu ukuthi okwamanje kugeleza emzimbeni. Esikhathini esedlule, ukunemba kwamadivayisi we-BIA kuye kwaba mpofu-kungabanjwa ukugcinwa kwamanzi yedwa-kodwa ubuchwepheshe buyathuthuka.
Izindlela eziphezulu ze-Tech
I-Dual Energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA): Ngesikhathi i-DXA ihlola, encike kuma-X-rays, yasungulwa ukuze ilinganise amaminerali esitokisini kubantu abadala abasengozini ye-osteoporosis, ingasetshenziselwa ukubala amanoni omzimba nokuqina okunamandla ezinganeni uneminyaka engu-4 ubudala. Lokhu kungaba usizo ukukala ukuthi ukulahlekelwa isisindo kuhambisane nezinguquko ebumnyameni obuqinile kanye nobuningi bamanoni. Isifundo se-2013 e-UK sathola ukuthi i-DXA yindlela enembile kunazo zonke, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela ezichazwe lapha, ukuhlola ubuningi be-fat and fat-free in children.
I-Plethysmography: Ngalesi sindlela, ingane ihlezi ngaphakathi kwe-cocoon efana neqanda cishe imizuzu engu-5 ngenkathi umoya ugoqa ngokuzungezile ukuze ulinganise ubuningi be-fat and fat-free. Esicwaningweni sokuqhathanisa izindlela ezahlukene zokuhlola izinguquko ekubunjweni komzimba kwezingane, abacwaningi e-National Institute of Health Health and Development Human at the National Institutes of Health bathola umoya wokufuduka kwemoya plethysmography okwenziwe kangcono ekulingeni izinguquko emafutheni omzimba wezingane kunalokho okwenziwe nge-BIA noma ubukhulu be-skinfold kodwa kwakungekho kuhle njenge-DXA.
I-imagery ye-resonance magnetic (MRI): Inqubo esebenzisa amagagasi amakhulu namagagasi omsakazo ukukhiqiza izithombe zezitho zomzimba nezitho zomzimba, i- MRI ingcono kunamanye amasu ekucabangeni ukubunjwa komzimba wesifunda, ikakhulukazi amafutha esiswini. Ukuphazamiseka ukuthi: Kuyabiza kakhulu futhi akufanelekile izingane ezincane ezizokwazi ukulwa nomthetho wokulinganisa (kufanele zihlale zikhona kakhulu lapho ziphakathi komshini omile ithambo).
Ukubheja kwakho okuhle ukuxoxa ngezinketho ezahlukene ngezingane zezingane zakho. Ngale ndlela, uzokwazi ukuthola ukuthi ubani owenza umqondo omkhulu ngesimo sakhe nokukhathazeka kwakho-nokuthi yiziphi ezitholakala esimweni somtholampilo eduze kwakho.
Imithombo:
Atherton RR, Williams JE, Wells JC, Fewtrell MS. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Fat Mass ne-Fat Free Mass Standard Ukuphambanisa Okutholakele Ukusebenzisa Izindlela Ezilula Zokulinganisa Ezinganeni Neziguli Eziphilile: Ukuqhathanisa Nezibonelo Eziyisi-4 Zezici. PLoS One, Meyi 17, 2013; 8 (5): e62139.
UDaniels SR, Khoury PR, uMorrison JA. Usizo Lwezinyathelo Ezihlukene Zokusabalalisa Amafutha Emzimbeni Ezinganeni nasezinsheni. I-American Journal of Epidemiology, 2000; 152 (12): 1179-1184.
Elberg J, McDuffie JR, Sebring NG, Salaita C, Keil M, Robotham D, Reynolds JC, Yanovski JA. Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezindlela Zokuhlola Ukuguqulwa Kwamalungu Omzimba Wezingane. I-American Journal of Nutrition Clinic, July 2004; 80 (1): 64-9.
I-Harvard School of Health Public. Ukulinganisa ukukhuluphala .
I-Wells JCK, i-Fewtrell MS. Ukulinganisa Ukubunjwa Komzimba. I-Archives of Disease ebuntwaneni, ngo-2006; 91: 612-617.