Ukulimala ku-Kneecap Bone
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-patella ukulimala ku-kneecap. I-kneecap ingenye yamathambo amathathu ahlanganisa idolo . I-patella iboshwe nge-cartilage engxenyeni yayo engaphansi futhi ibalulekile ekunikezeni amandla okwandisa (ukuqondisa) kwehlangothini lamadolo.
Izimbangela zePracella Fracture
Ukuphuka kwe-patella ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokuwa ngqo kwi-kneecap.
Uma kwenzeka ukuphulwa ngenxa yalolu hlobo lokuhlukunyezwa okuqondile, ngokuvamile kulimaza isikhumba esiphezulu, futhi ngenxa yenani elinganiselwe lamathambo athambile lokhu kungaba kalula ukuvuleka okuvulekile . I-Patella fractures nayo ingenzeka uma imisipha ye-quadriceps ingena ngemvume kodwa idolo lihlangene liqondisa (okuthiwa "ukukhwabanisa okungokwemvelo"). Lapho imisipha idonsa ngamandla ngale ndlela, i-patella ingaqhekeka.
Kunezimo ezithile lapho i-kneecap ingase ihlukane ngisho nokulimala okuncane. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zingozi ziyizinkinga zokukhubazeka - iziphuphutheka ezitholakala ngenxa yesifo esibuthakathaka. I-pathologic fractures ingabangelwa i- osteoporosis (ithambo elincane), ukutheleleka kwamathambo, noma izicubu.
Izimpawu ze-Fracture ye-Patella
I-Patella fractures ingabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu nobunzima bokuhamba. Ezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu zalokhu ukulimala zihlanganisa:
- Ubuhlungu: I-Patella fractures ngokuvamile ayinandaba. Ukuguqa ngamadolo kungasiza kakhulu ngokungahambi kahle, futhi ukugoqa okuhlangene kubuhlungu kakhulu.
- Ukuvuvukala: Ukuvuvukala nokulimaza eduze kwegceke kufana nokuphulwa kwe-patella. Ngokuvamile, njengoba izinsuku zihamba, ukuvuvukala kudlulela phansi umlenze ngisho nasezinyaweni. Kuyinto engavamile ukuthi ukulimala kubuye kufinyelele emathole nasezinyaweni ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
- Ukungakwazi ukuphakamisa unyawo: Isivivinyo esivame kakhulu ukuxilonga lokhu kulimala kuthiwa umlenze oqonde ukuphakamisa ukuhlolwa . Lokhu kuhlolwa kungase kube khona nezinye ukulimala, kodwa kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyadingeka yini.
- Iphutha eliphathekayo ku-kneecap: Ngokuvamile umonakalo we-kneecap ungazizwa ngesikhumba. Ikhono lokuzwa ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-patella lilula ngokushesha ngemuva kokulimala ngaphambi kokuvuvukala sekubaluleke nakakhulu.
Ukwelashwa kwePatella Ukuhlukana
I-Patella fractures kufanele ibonwe ekamelweni eliphuthumayo. I-X-ray izonquma uhlobo lokuphulwa kanye nenani lokushiya (ukuhlukaniswa) kwephutha. Esinye sezici ezibucayi ekunqumeni ukwelashwa ukuhlolwa okuphelele. Ngokuqondile, odokotela bazohlola uma isiguli singakwazi ukuphakamisa umlenze oqondile.
Umlenze oqondile ukuphakamisa ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokuthi isiguli silale phansi embhedeni. Ngomlenze oqondile, isiguli kufanele sikhuphule unyawo lwakhe embhedeni bese sisibamba emoyeni. Lokhu kuhlola umsebenzi we-muscle we-quadriceps nokunamathiselwe kwawo kwisifuba shin (tibia). Ukuphazanyiswa kwethenda ye-quadriceps , ithenda ye- patella noma i- patellar kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kokwenyusa umlenze oqondile . Uma kuphakanyiswa umlenze oqondile, khona-ke ukwelashwa okungekho kokusebenza kungase kwenzeke esimweni sokuphulwa kwe-patella.
Esinye sezibonakaliso ezivamile ze-patella fracture iguqa ngamadolo . Ukuvuvukala kubangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi emathanjeni ophukile kuze kube semadolweni.
Iziguli ezinegazi elikhulu emadolweni zingase zizuze ekudleni igazi ngenxa yokuphumula ubuhlungu. Ukwehlisa idolo ngamadolo kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ukukhululeka.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Patella Fracture
Iziguli ezine-nondisplaced (ezingahlukaniswanga) noma izinhlanzi ezinqunyelwe ukuhlala endaweni encane ezingakwazi ukukhipha imilenze eqondile (njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla) ingavame ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Umlenze omude owakhiwe noma ukuguqulwa kwamadolo kungasetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwalezi zinhlobo ze-patellar fractures.
Lapho ukuhlinzwa kudingekile, ukukhishwa kwenziwa phezu kwegceke elihlangene. Ukuphela kwethambo okwephukile kufakwa futhi kugcinwe endaweni ethile ngokuhlanganiswa kwezikhonkwane, izikhonkwane nezintambo.
Kwezinye izimo, ingxenye ye-patella ingasuswa kuphela, kodwa lokhu kuvame ukuwenzela izingcezu ezincane zokuphuka.
Rehab emva kokuhlinzwa
Ukuhlinzwa okulandelayo, iziguli zizodinga ukuguqa ngamadolo ukuze zivumele ukuphulukiswa kokuqala. Ngokuqondile lapho amadolo angase aqale ukunyakaza kuncike emandleni okulungisa umhlinzeki wakho ohlinzayo uyakwazi ukufeza. Ukunyakaza okuphansi kungase kuqale emavikini okuqala emva kokuhlinzwa. Ezimweni lapho amathambo agcinwa khona ngokuqinile, ukuhamba kwangaphambili kwamadolo kusiza ukufeza imiphumela emihle emva kokuhlinzwa.
Ukuxilongwa okuvame kakhulu kokuhlinzwa kwe-patella ukuphulukana yukuthi ukufakelwa kwensimbi kungaba nobuhlungu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi - ikakhulukazi uma kuguqa. Ngenxa yalokhu, akuyona into engavamile ngenqubo yesibili ukususa izimpande zensimbi. Le nqubo ivame ukwenza okungenani ngonyaka ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kokuqala. Ezinye izinkinga ezikhona kungenzeka zibandakanya:
- Ukutheleleka
- Ukuphulukiswa okungahambi kahle
- Ukwehluleka kokulungiswa ukubamba iziqephu endaweni
- Ubuhlungu be-Kneecap (chondromalacia)
- Isifo samathambo
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zokuhlinzekwa ukuguqula ubuso be-cartilage ye-kneecap ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo samathambo emadolweni. Ngenxa yomonakalo ohlangothini lwamadolo lapho kuvela khona ukuphuka, kunethuba eliphakeme lokuthuthukiswa kwesifo samathambo esihlangene. Uma i-kneecap arthritis iba nzima, abanye abantu bangase badinge ukuguqulwa kwamadolo, noma ukuguqulwa ngamadolo okuyingxenye ye-kneecap .
Imithombo:
UMelvin JS noMehta S. "I-Patellar Fractures kubantu abadala" J Am Acad Orthop Surg, Vol 19, No 4, Ephreli 2011, 198-207.