Ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa yiyona insizakalo evamile kakhulu yezinzwa ezitholwa yizingane. Izingane ezilinganiselwa ezigidini ezintathu e-United States zizwa ukulahlekelwa. Ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa, ikakhulu lapho kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwengane yomntwana, kungathinta kakhulu inkulumo nokuthuthukiswa kolwimi.
Cishe izingane eziyizigidi ezingu-1.3 zaseMelika ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezingu-3 zizwa ukulahlekelwa. Ngisho nezinhlobo zesikhashana zokuphulukiswa kwezindlebe, njengokungcola ezindlebeni , zingabangela ukulibaziseka uma zihlangene nengane efunda ukuqonda ulimi nokukhuluma.
Amakhono omphakathi angakhubazekile angase avele nasezingane ezilahlekelwa ukuzwa. Ukwengeza, izingane eziningi ezizwa ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa zilukhuni ezindaweni zokufunda.
Lokhu kuvinjelwa-ukutholakala kokuqala kokulahlekelwa kwezindlebe, futhi ukungenelela okuphumelelayo kunganciphisa umthelela wokulahlekelwa kwezindlebe ekuthuthukiseni kwengane.
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso Zokuzwa Ukulahlekelwa Izinsana Nezingane
Lezi yizibonakaliso zokuqala zokulahleka kokuzwa ezinganeni nasezingane.
Izinsana:
- ayimangazi ngokukhala okukhulu
- akaphendulela ikhanda labo emabuthaneni
- akusho okungenani amanye amagama ezinyangeni ezingu-12 ubudala
Izingane ezindala:
- ukuphuthukiswa kwentuthuko yenkulumo
- inkulumo engacacisi ecacile
- ayilandela izinkomba
- njalo ukucela ukuthi uphinde lokho okushilo
- ulalela umculo noma ithelevishini ngomsindo ophezulu
Izinsana eziningi zihlolwe ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe lapho zizalwa futhi izingane zivame ukuhlolwa futhi ngaphambi kokuqala isikole. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane yakho noma ingane ibonisa izimpawu zokulahleka kokuzwa nganoma isiphi isikhathi, kubalulekile ukuthi bahlolwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze banciphise noma yikuphi ukulimala okulalelwayo okungase kube nakho ekuthuthukisweni kwabo.
Ukuzwa Ukulahlekelwa Nokuthuthukiswa Kwabantwana
Lezi yizibonakaliso nezimpawu zokulahlekelwa kokuzwa kanye nomphumela wokuthuthukiswa kwengane.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo okudabukisiwe: ingane ayisho amagama angu-50 ngokuzalwa kwabo kwesibili noma ifaka imisho emibili yegama ngokuzalwa kwabo kwesibili.
- Isigama sithuthuka kancane kancane ezinganeni ezizwa ukulahlekelwa. Igebe lokuthuthukiswa kwesilulumagama phakathi kwezingane kanye nokungazwa ukulahlekelwa likhula ngobudala.
- Izingane ezilahlekelwa ukuzwa zilukhuni ukuzwa futhi kamuva zibiza imisindo ethile njenge "s", "sh", "f", "t", ne "k". Lokhu kuthinta indlela abakhuluma ngayo futhi kungenza kube nzima ukuyiqonda.
- Izingane ezinokulahlekelwa ukuzwa zivame ukubhekana nobunzima ngesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sentambo.
- Ingane ingase ibe nobunzima bokuzwa ukuphela kwegama njenge-noma noma -ed.
- Ngezinye izikhathi abakwazi ukuzwa amazwi abo lapho bekhuluma, noma bezwa inguqulo ephikisayo ngokwabo lapho bekhuluma bebenza bakhulume ngokuzwakalayo noma ngokunciphisa kakhulu.
- Izingane ezilahlekelwa ukuzwa zivame ukuhlukunyezwa ngokwezemfundo.
- Izinkinga zokuxhumana zingabangela izinkinga zenhlalo kanye nemizwa yokuzihlukanisa phakathi kwezingane ezilahlekelwa ukuzwa nokulibaziseka kwenkulumo.
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukutholakala kokuqala kwanoma yikuphi ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa kanye nokungenelela kokuqala okubalulekile kubalulekile emiphumeleni emihle. Uhlobo lokungenelela olusetshenzisiwe luxhomeke kuhlobo nokukala kokulalelwa kokuzwa futhi kuvame ukubandakanya iqembu labachwepheshe. Ukungenelela kuyoba okuhlukile kumntwana ngamunye.
Izwi elivela
Noma yimuphi ukwelashwa okuthuthukisa noma okusiza ukuzwa kuzophinde kunciphise futhi kusize ukulungisa noma yikuphi ukubambezeleka kokuthuthukiswa, kufaka phakathi izinkinga zemfundo nezenhlalo. Izibonelo zezinye izindlela zokwelashwa kokulalela zihlanganisa izinsiza zokuzwa noma ukuhlinzwa.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kwamazwi kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni izinkinga zokukhuluma eziye zaphumela ekulahlekelweni kokulalela okungalashwa. Kuzingane ezithulu ngokuphelele, ulimi lwezandla lungasiza ekuxazululeni izinkinga zemfundo nezenhlalo nokunciphisa imizwa yokuzihlukanisa.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Academy ye-Otolaryngology-Inhloko Nokuhlinzwa Kwezinyosi. Ukulahlekelwa kwezingane ezincane.
> I-American Talk-Language-Hearing Association. Imiphumela Yokuzwa Ukulahlekelwa Kwentuthuko.
> CDC. Ukuzwa Ukulahlekelwa Ezinganeni.
> NCBI. Ukuzwa ukukhubazeka nokulibaziseka kwezingane ezinganeni: I-Diagnostics kanye ne-genetics.
> Michigan Medicine. Ukukhuluma nokulahla ukuLimi kolimi.