I-flu in the indlebe, ebizwa ngokuthi i- serous otitis media (SOM) noma i-otitis media ne-effusion (OME), i-accumulation of fluid ngemuva kwenduku yendlebe engenzeka ngaphansi kwanoma yisiphi isimo lapho ithebhu yokuhlola ingaphumeleli khona.
I-tube auditory ivumela uketshezi ukukhipha kusukela endlebeni kuze kube ngemuva komphimbo. Uma ithubhu yokuhlola iguqulwa, uketshezi luzobe luboshwe endaweni yendlebe ephakathi.
Lo mketshezi ubizwa ngokuthi i- effusion ngabahlinzeki bakho bezempilo.
Ngaphezu kokutheleleka kwezindlebe, ukushisa okuvamile kanye nokwelashwa kungadala uketshezi endlebeni uma ukuvuvukala noma ukuguqulwa kwegciwane kungavimbela ithubhu lokuhlola ngaphandle kokukhipha. Funda indlela yokuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki, nokuthi ungayilungisa kanjani futhi uphathe lokhu uma kwenzeka.
Izimbangela
Noma ubani angathola uketshezi ezindlebeni zabo, kodwa kungenzeka kakhulu ukuba kwenzeke ezinganeni ngenxa ye-anatomy ye-tube yayo yokucwaninga, okuncane kakhulu nobubanzi obuningi kune-tube yokuhlola yomuntu omdala. Kukhona amacala ayizigidi ezingu-2,2 e-US ngonyaka, kanti izingane ezingaba ngu-90 kwabangu-100 zizothola uketshezi ezindlebeni zazo ngaphambi kokuba zifinyelele eminyakeni emihlanu noma engu-6 ubudala.
Zonke izimo zoketshezi ezisezindlebeni zibangelwa uhlobo oluthile lwamathuluzi okusebenza okubhebhethekisa okuvimbela ithubhu yakho ye-eustachian ekudoneni ngokwanele. Izimbangela ezijwayelekile zokuthuthukisa uketshezi ezindlebeni kokubili abadala kanye nezingane zihlanganisa:
- Amagciwane
- Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuxubana , kusuka egciwane elibandayo, ukutheleleka okufanayo, noma ngisho nokukhulelwa
- Izicubu ze-sinus ezikhulisiwe, ama-polyp nasal , ama- tonsils kanye nama-adenoids , noma ezinye izikhula ezivimbela ithubhu lokuhlola (ngokuvamile elibangelwa yisinusitis esingapheli )
- Ukuvezwa kokucasuka kwamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi intuthu kagwayi
- Ukulimala kwiphubhu yokuhlola kusuka emisebeni yomdlavuza wekhanda nentamo noma ukuhlinzekwa kwangaphambilini okungahle kube khona ithuluzi lokuhlola (elingavamile)
- I-Barotrauma ezindlebeni (izinguquko ezisheshayo ezinkingeni zomoya ezinjengezenzeke lapho zihamba ezindizeni noma e-scuba diving)
- Ukungajwayelekile komlomo okungase kuhlotshaniswe ne-Down syndrome noma i-palate ye-cleft
Izimpawu
Izimpawu zoketshezi ezisezindlebeni zingahle zibe nobukhulu ngabanye. Ezinganeni ezincane lesi simo ngokuvamile kuthiwa asibonakali, nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi izingane zale minyaka azikwazi ukuveza noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka futhi lapho kungekho khona ubuhlungu obukhulu bezindlebe eziningi izimpawu ezingabonakali ngabanakekeli babo.
Kubantu abaningi abadala abakuthola uketshezi emkhatsini wezimpawu zezindlebe zingase zibe ezicashile, kodwa abanye abantu abadala babika ubuhlungu bezindlebe njalo nezibonakaliso ezinzima. Abanye abadala kanye nezingane ezindala abaye babe nezinkinga eziqhubekayo nge-fluid ezingapheli ezindlebeni zabo ngezinye izikhathi bangatshela uma uketshezi kuqoqwe futhi badinga ukwelashwa. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu zoketshezi ezindlebeni zingafaka:
- Ubuhlungu bendlebe
- Ukuzwa sengathi izindlebe "zixhunyiwe"
- Ukwandisa ubuhlungu bezindlebe uma ushintsha ukuphakama, futhi ungakwazi "ukuzwakalisa" izindlebe
- Tinnitus (ukukhala ezindlebeni)
- Ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa noma ukuzwa okuzwakalayo kuhlanganisiwe
- Umzwelo wokugcwala ezindlebeni
- Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi noma i- vertigo (engavamile)
- Izinkinga zokuziphatha
- Ukusebenza okungekho esikoleni okuhlobene nokulahlekelwa kokuzwa
Kunezimo eziningana ezibangela izimpawu ezifanayo kumanzi ezindlebeni noma okungenzeka kube khona ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoketshezi endlebeni kufaka:
Ukuxilongwa
Ngenxa yokuthi uketshezi oluthile ezindlebeni kuvame ukungabonakali kahle, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, kuvame ukungaziwa. Uma ingane yakho inezimpawu zoketshezi endlebeni kungcono ukuyiyisa kudokotela wezingane noma i- otolaryngologist (indlebe, impumu, umphimbo we-throat noma i-ENT). Ochwepheshe bangase bakwazi ukuthola imishini yokuxilonga kangcono, kodwa okubaluleke nakakhulu ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kuyadingeka ukuze babone izinkomba ezicashile okungase kusho ukuthi unamanzi ezindlebeni zakho.
Ukusebenzisa i-Otoscope
Indlela engcono yokuhlolisisa uketshezi endlebeni ukuhlolwa kwendlebe usebenzisa i-otoscope noma i-otomicroscope. Udokotela wakho cishe uzosebenzisa i-otoscope njengoba lezi zivame kakhulu ngenxa yezindleko, nakuba i-otomicroscope ingavumela ukuxilongwa okunembile ngokugcwele.
Ukuhlola indlebe nge-otoscope kulula futhi kuhilela ukukhipha indlebe bese ufaka isihloko se-otoscope endlebeni. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuba acabange ngeso lengqondo isigubhu sezindlebe ( isibhande se-tympanic ). Odokotela abanokuhlangenwe nakho bangase babone ukuthi izinga eliyinkinga emva komgubhu wezindlebe, i-bubble noma ukuthi isigubhu sezindlebe asihambanga kahle. Ngeshwa, akusiyo yonke into ecacile njalo futhi into kuphela ebonisa uketshezi endlebeni kungase kube ukukhipha kancane kwegubhu indlebe noma umbala ongavamile. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu kudinga udokotela onolwazi ukuxilonga uketshezi endlebeni.
I-Tympanometry Exam
I-flu in indlebe ingaqinisekiswa ngolunye uhlolo olubizwa ngokuthi i- tympanometry . Lokhu kuhlola kufana nokufana nokuhlolwa ngokusebenzisa i-otoscope lapho indlebe izokwenziwa futhi iphoyinti lensimbi, elibizwa nangokuthi i-speculum, lizofakwa engxenyeni engaphandle yomngcwabo wezindlebe. Ingane yakho (noma wena, uma unesiguli) kufanele uzame ukubambelela kakhulu phakathi nalesi sivivinyo futhi ugweme ukukhuluma noma ukugwinya uma kunokwenzeka.
Insimbi izokala ukucindezela ngaphakathi kwendlebe, bese uveza ithoni. I-membrane ye-tympanic izobonisa inani elithile lemisindo emuva ku-tympanometer, echazwe kugrafu ebizwa ngokuthi i-tympanogram. Uma kukhona uketshezi endlebeni, isibhande se-tympanic sizoqina futhi inani elingavamile lomsindo lizobonakala.
Izinketho zokwelapha
Ngokujwayelekile, ukwelashwa akudingekile uketshezi ezindlebeni. Uketshezi oluvame ukukhipha okwakhe ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, uma kungenjalo, ukwelashwa kuzoxhomeke ezintweni eziningana.
- Uma uketshezi lukhona emavikini angu-6, ukwelashwa kungabandakanya ukuhlolwa kokuzwa , i-antibiotic eyindilinga noma okunye okubonwayo.
- Uma umkhuhlane ukhona emva kwamasonto angu-12, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kokulalela. Uma kukhona ukulahleka kokuzwa okuphawulekayo, umnikezeli wezempilo angabheka ama-antibiotics noma abeke amathole ezindlebeni.
- Uma umthamo usukhona ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-4 kuya kwezingu-6, ukufakwa kokuhlinzwa kwamatayipi endlebe kuyadingeka ngisho noma ungenayo ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe.
- I-Adenoids ingadinga futhi isuswe uma ikhulu futhi ibangele ukuvinjelwa okuphawulekayo kwe-tube eustachian.
I-flu in ezindlebeni ingaba khona noma ngaphandle kokutheleleka okusebenzayo. Ama-antibiotics awasebenzisi lutho ngaphandle kokuthi kukhona ukutheleleka kwezindlebe zamanje futhi ngeke isetshenziswe. Ngesikhathi ama-antihistamine ewusizo ekusizeni ukuvimbela sinusitis engapheli okungase ibe nomthelela ekucwilweni kwamanzi we-tube yakho yokuhlola, ama-antihistamine awavunyelwe ukwelashwa ketshezi endlebeni.
Izingane ezisengozini enkulu, kuhlanganise nalabo ababhekene nokulibaziseka kwentuthuko, zingadinga ukwelashwa ekuqaleni. Kuzingane ezingadingi ukwelashwa, ukulawula izimpawu nokulinda uketshezi ukuzisula kungase kube yinto engcono kakhulu ukuyenza. Ngisho naphakathi kwezingane ezidinga ukungenelela okuhlinzekwa, ukutholakala ngokugcwele kutholakala ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ukuvimbela
- Gwema ukubhema ugwayi
- Gwema izifo ezivakalayo
- Uma ingane yakho isesimweni sokunakekelwa kwesikhashana, cabanga ukumthatha ngaphandle noma ukushintshela ekunakekeleni kwezinsuku ezincane uma uthola uketshezi ezindlebeni zakhe njalo
- Geza izandla zakho kanye namathoyizi wengane yakho njalo
- Gwema ukusebenzisa ngokweqile ama-antibiotics
- Khuthaza ukubeletha uma kungenzeka, ngisho namasonto ambalwa nje. Izinsana ezibelethwe ngamabele zivame ukugula kancane futhi zingenakuthola ukuthola izifo zendlebe ngisho nangemva kweminyaka.
- Hlala usesikhathini ngemigomo . Umgomo wokugoma i-pneumococcal (Prevnar) usiza ukuvimbela uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwezifo zendlebe futhi umgomo wokugoma ungasiza.
Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, ukuthola amanzi kumntwana noma ezindlebeni zomntwana osemncane, ngeke kubangele umsakazo we-serous otitis. Izingane ezibhukuda njalo futhi zingayomise izindlebe zazo ngokwanele zingathola indlebe yokudoba , kodwa lokhu kuyimimo ehluke ngokuphelele.
Izwi elivela
I-flu in indlebe yakho iyinkinga evamile, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni zakudala. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu omdala noma ingane, umthamo osesendlebe yakho cishe uzoxazulula ngaphandle kokwelashwa.
Uma izimpawu zakho ziye zaqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ayisithupha noma zibangela izimpawu ezibalulekile, noma kunjalo, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho. Uketshezi okwedlule, okungaphenduliwe endlebeni kungathinta izinga lakho lokuphila nokusebenza esikoleni noma emsebenzini.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Academy ye-Otolaryngology-Inhloko Nokuhlinzwa Kwezinyosi. Ukwelapha Nokuphatha I-Fluid Yendlebe. http://www.entnet.org/sites/default/files/uploads/PracticeManagement/Resources/_files/ome-treating-managing_cobranded.pdf .
> I-Otitis media ne-effusion. Iwebhusayithi ye-Medline Plus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007010.htm. Ibuyekezwe ngomhla ka-Agasti 31, 2016.
> Rosenfeld, RM, Shin, JJ, Schwartz, SR, Coggins, R, Gagnon, L, Hacker, JM ... Corrigan, MD. (2016) .Umhlahlandlela Wokuzijwayeza: I-Otitis Media ne-Effusion (Update). I-Otolaryngology- Inhloko Nokuhlinzwa Kwezinyosi. 154 (1S) S1-S4.