I-hypothyroidism ekhulile ibhekisela ku-hypothyroidism, ukuntuleka noma ukuntuleka kwehomoni ye-thyroid, ekhona ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Ngenxa yesayensi yesimanje, ukubukwa okusha okusanda kuzalwa kwenze ukuba i-hypothyroidism engavamile ingavamile kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, uma kubalulekile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kutholakale ngokushesha futhi kuphathwe ngendlela efanele ezinsana nasezinsaneni, njengoba amazinga we -roid ayingxenye yokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo kanye ne-IQ.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Hypothyroidism engavamile
Ngokuvamile, i-levothyroxine, uhlobo oluthile lwe-hormone ye-thyroid T4, lisetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa. Ngosana olutholakala nge-congenital hypothyroidism, inhloso ukunikeza imithi yokwelapha i-hormone esikhundleni sokuba ubuyele amazinga e-T4 uhla olujwayelekile.
Ngokusho kwephephandaba lezokwelapha i- UpToDate :
"Kokubili isikhathi kanye nomthamo we-hormone ye-thyroid esikhundleni sakho kubalulekile [3-5]. Umgomo wokuqala wezokwelapha kufanele ube ukubuyisela ukuhlushwa kwe-serum ku-10 mcg / dL (> 129 nmol / L) ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ucwaningo olulodwa, iziguli ezithatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili ukwenza umsebenzi we-thyroid zijwayelekile, zinezizathu ezincane zokuziqonda, ukunakwa, nokuphumelela kunabantu abaphumelele umsebenzi ongakapheli amasonto amabili ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa.
Esikhathini sokubuyekezwa kwezincwadi ezikhomba ukuhlola okungu-11 okuhlola ukuqala kokwelashwa kwe-hormone ye-thyroid, izinsana zaqala "ekuseni" (ezinsukwini ezingu-12 kuya kwezingama-30 ubudala) zinezincazelo ezingu-IQ 15.7 amaphuzu aphezulu kunezinsana zaqala "kamuva" (> ezinsukwini ezingama-30 ubudala) ... Ukushintshwa okusheshayo nokulingana okwanele kwe-T4 kubaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni ezinesifo esiqinile se-hypothyroidism.
Lokhu kuboniswe ekucwaningweni kwezinsana ezingama-61 ezinezifo ezinzima [i-severe] hypenital hypothyroidism ... kuphela lezo eziphuthumayo ekuqaleni nge-dose ephezulu T4 zithole ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo evamile ezinyangeni eziyi-10 kuya kwezi-30. Ezinsaneni ezine-hypothyroidism emnene, bonke bathole ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo evamile ngaphandle kwalabo abaphethwe yisikhathi ngesilinganiso esincane sokuqala. "
Ngokusobala, njengoba i- UpToDate ichaza ngokucacile, uma kubonakala ukuthi i-hypenroidism ezalwa congenital, inhloso odokotela nabazali ukubuyisela amazinga e-thyroid ngendlela evamile ngokushesha nangokuphepha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokushesha amazinga wegciwane ajwayelekile, ukuvuthwa kwamakhono okwakhiwa kwengane.
Ukulawula Imishanguzo Ye-Thyroid ezinganeni Ezine-Hypothyroidism Engavamile
Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthola uhlobo lwe-levothyroxine oluthile lokuhambisa izingane.
Ukuze banikeze amaphilisi e-levothyroxine usana, abazali kufanele baqede i-levothyroxine tablet bese baxube nobisi lwebele, ifomula, noma amanzi anikezelwe umntwana.
Inothi elibalulekile kubazali, noma kunjalo: Ungahlanganisi i-levothyroxine ne- soy infant formula noma amalungiselelo ensimbi. I-soya, i-calcium, ne-iron ingakwazi ukunciphisa ikhono lomntwana lokuyiphuza kahle imithi.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-soy formula ngokwayo ingancipha noma ikhumbuze ikhono lomntwana lokufinyelela emazingeni ajwayelekile wegciwane, kunconywa ukuthi izinsana ezinama-hypothyroidism angamaqenjini aphethwe ama-soy formula zihlolwe njalo futhi eduze. Bangase badinge umthamo owengeziwe wezokwelapha ukuze bafinyelele emazingeni ajwayelekile wegciwane futhi bavikele ukuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa zabo.
Ukwelapha i-Hypothyroidism engavamile
Izingane eziphathwa nge-hypothyroidism ezizalwayo kufanele zihlolwe ngesimiso esijwayelekile, futhi kufanele zihlolwe njalo ezinyangeni eziningana okungenani iminyaka emithathu yokuqala yokuphila. I-UpToDate ibika ukuthi, ngokusho kwe-American Academy of Pediatrics, i-serum T4 noma i-T4 ne-TSH yokuhlolwa kwegazi kufanele ilandelwe ngokulandela isimiso esilandelayo:
- Emasontweni amabili no-4 emva kokuqaliswa kokwelashwa kwe-T4
- Njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-1 kuya kwezi-2 phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala ezingu-6 zokuphila
- Njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezingu-4 phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-6 no-3 ubudala
- Njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-12 emva kwalokho ukukhula sekuphelile
- Amasonto amabili ngemuva kokuguqulwa kwesilinganiso
- Ngezikhathi eziningi lapho kuvumelana ukulandelwa noma imiphumela engavamile etholakalayo
I-hypothyroidism engapheli noma engapheliyo yonke impilo ingasungulwa yi-imaging kanye nezifundo ze-ultrasound ezibonisa ukuthi i-thyroid ayitholakali noma i-ectopic, noma isici esikwaziyo ukwenza kanye nokwenza i-hormone ye-thyroid iqinisekiswe.
Izwi kusuka
Uma ngabe i- hypothyroidism engunaphakade isungulwe, ukwelashwa kwe-levothyroxine kungenziwa inyanga eneminyaka engu-3 ubudala, futhi ingane iphindwe kabusha. Uma amazinga ehlala ejwayelekile, i-hypothyroidism eseduze yicabanga. Uma amazinga abe engavamile, i-hypothyroidism ehlala njalo ihlolwe.
Izingane ezine-hypothyroidism ezibelethwe isikhathi eside ezithathwe imishanguzo kufanele zithole ukuhlolwa kwe-thyroid ngezikhathi ezithile nokuphindaphinda , njengoba lezi zingane zibhekene nengozi eyengeziwe yokuthuthukisa inkinga ye-thyroid ekuphileni kwabo bonke.
Umthombo:
> LaFranchi, uStephen. "Ukwelashwa nokubikezelwa kokuzalwa kwengqondo ye-hypothyroidism." Kusesikhathini. Kufinyelelwe: Januwari 2009.