I-Aphasia , okuyinto enzima ekukhulumeni, iyinkinga evamile ngemuva kokushaywa isifo, ikakhulukazi isifo sofuba se- parietal lobe . Ngenxa yabasindile be-stroke abaphila ne-aphasia, ukwelashwa yisici esibalulekile sokuphila ngemva kokushaywa yisifo. Ngokuvamile, i-aphasia ingukuphazamiseka ekukhiqizeni, ekusetshenzisweni, noma ekuqondeni ulimi ngenxa yokulimala kobuchopho, ngokuvamile kuvame ukushaywa yisifo.
Kunezinqubo eziningana zokwelapha izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-aphasia.
Izimiso Ezijwayelekile
Imigomo eminingi yokwelapha iye yaboniswa ezincwadini ezincane zokuthuthukisa umphumela wezokwelapha.
- Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwezokwelapha ezisetshenzisiwe, umphumela ungcono uma ukuqina kwelashwa kugxilile. Ngamanye amazwi, inani elinikeziwe lamahora wokwelapha lizoletha umphumela ongcono kakhulu uma kunikezwa emasontweni ambalwa ngezinsuku ezimbalwa kunezinsuku eziningi ezinsukwini eziningi.
- Ukuphumelela kwe-aphasia therapy kwanda lapho abahlinzeki basebenzisa izinhlobo eziningi zezinto ezithinta izinzwa. Isibonelo, ama-stimuli aqoshiwe ngendlela yomculo, kanye nokubonakala okubonakalayo ngezithombe, imidwebo, asetshenziselwa njalo ngesikhathi se-aphasia therapy.
- Ukunyuka okuncane ekuhluphekeni kolimi lokuzivocavoca okwenziwe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okwenziwe ngcono kuthuthukisa umphumela.
Uhlu olulandelayo ngezindlela eziyaziwayo zezokwelapha zase-aphasia.
Ukwelashwa kweziLimi zokuCabangela
Leli fomu yokwelashwa ligcizelela izingxenye zomzwelo zolimi. Isibonelo, ezinye izivivinyo zidinga iziguli ukuhumusha izici zezindlela ezehlukene zomzwelo zezwi. Abanye badinga ukuba bachaze incazelo yamagama achaza kakhulu noma amagama afana nelithi "ujabule." Lezi zifundo zisiza iziguli ukuba zenze amakhono okuqonda ngenkathi zigxile ekuqondeni izingxenye zomzwelo zolimi.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ukushaywa komzimba kungathinta kanjani uzwela .
Ukulungiswa okuhleliwe
Le ndlela yokwelashwa isebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuzwa, kufaka phakathi izithombe nomculo, ezethulwa ekuthuthukisweni kancane kancane kusuka ekulula kuya kunzima. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokwelashwa komculo ngemva kokushaywa yisifo.
Ukukhuthazwa-Ukwelashwa Kwe-Fascilitation
Leli fomu lobuchwepheshe be-aphasia lugxile ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni zelimi zesimantic kanye nezakhi zokwenziwa. Isisusa esiyinhloko esisetshenziswe ngesikhathi sesiphakamiso siwukuvuselela ukuhlolwa. Esinye sezicabangela eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo lwezokwelapha ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono olimi kufezekiswa ngokuphindaphindiwe.
Ukwelapha Iqembu
Lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha lunikeza isimo sezenhlalakahle ezigulini ukuqhuba amakhono okuxhumana abaye bawafunda ngesikhathi sokwabelana ngamathambo, ngenkathi bethola impendulo ebalulekile evela kubahlengikazi nakweminye i-aphasics. Amasu okuphathwa komndeni anomphumela ofanayo, kanti futhi enza kube lula ukuxhumana kwama-aphasics nabathandekayo babo. Thola ukuthi amaqembu okusekela abasiza kanjani ekutheni avuseleleke.
I-PACE (Ukukhuthaza Ukusebenza Kwe-Aphasic Ukusebenza)
Lena enye yezinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zokwelapha pragmatic, uhlobo lwe-aphasia therapy olukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kokuxhumana ngokusebenzisa ingxoxo njengethuluzi lokufunda.
Izikhathi zokwelashwa kwe-PACE zibandakanya ingxoxo ekhulunywe phakathi kwesiphakamisi nesiguli. Ukuze kukhuthazwe ukukhulumisana okuzenzekelayo, lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha lusebenzisa imidwebo, izithombe, nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo ezibukeka ezisetshenziswa yisiguli ukuze zenze imibono ukuba ikhulunywe ngenkathi ingxoxo. Udokotela kanye nesiguli baphenduka ukuze badlulisele imibono yabo.
Ukubunzima kwezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukudala ingxoxo kwanda ngendlela encane. Iziguli zikhuthazwa ukuba zisebenzise noma yiziphi izindlela zokuxhumana phakathi neseshini, okuvumela ukuthi lo mhlengikazi athole amakhono okuxhumana okufanele agcizelelwe esigulini.
Udokotela uyaxhumana nesiguli ngokulingisa izindlela zokuxhumana nesiguli esivela sizikhulule kakhulu.
Pharmacotherapy
Lena indlela entsha ye-aphasia therapy futhi ukusebenza okwamanje akukafanele kutholakale. Uhlu lwemithi oluvivinywa manje luhlanganisa i-piracetam, i-bifenalade, i-piribedil, i-bromocriptine, i-idebenone ne-dextran 40, i-dozepil, amphetamines nezinkinga eziningi zokucindezeleka. Yize ubufakazi obungenamandla kakhulu, kubonakala sengathi okungenani kwenziwa, i-piribedil nama-amphetamine angase abe nezinga elithile lokuphumelela ekwelapheni kwe-aphasia. Lokhu kubonakala sengathi kuyasiza kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izinzuzo zemithi engokwelashwa engokwelashwa, njengoba ezinye izifundo zibonise imiphumela engcono yokwelashwa lapho iziguli zinikezwa amphetamines ngaphambi kokulashwa.
Ukukhuthazwa Okumangalisayo Kwe-Transcranial Magnetic (TMS)
Nakuba le ndlela yokwelapha isetshenziswa kaningi, ukusebenza kwayo kuyaphenywa ngokujulile. I-TMS ihlose ukuhlobisa umlenze ngokuqondile engxenyeni yobuchopho okucatshangwa ukuthi ivimbele ukutakula ulimi emva kokushaywa. Ngokucindezela umsebenzi wale nxenye yobuchopho, ukuphulukiswa kuyathuthukiswa. Uhlobo lwe-magnetic therapy oluye lwahlolwa ekuvuselelweni kwe-aphasia yiyona nguqulo "yephutha futhi ephindaphindiwe" ye-TMS. Izifundo ezincane ezimbalwa ziye zaba nemiphumela ekhuthazayo, kodwa isifundo esikhulu, esilawulwa kahle sisadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuphumelela kwalolu hlobo lwezokwelapha.
Ihlelwe nguHeidi Moawad MD
Imithombo: Jordan Lori no-Hillis Argye; Ukuphazamiseka kwenkulumo nolimi: i-aphasia, i-apraxia ne-dysarthria; I-Opinion yamanje ku-Neurology 2006 19 (6): 580-585.
I-Cicerone et al., Ukuvuselelwa kokuqaphela okuvela ebufakazini: Ukubuyekezwa okubuyekeziwe kwezincwadi kusukela ngo-1998 ukuya ku-2002 Imithombo Yezokwelapha kanye Nokuvuselelwa 2005 Vol. 86; 1681-1692.
Ukusuka ku-Froma P Roth no-Colleen K. Worthington ibhukwana lezinsiza zokwelapha zokukhuluma nokukhulunywa kolwimi 2 edition Delmar, Albany NY.