Igama elingahlanzekile isisindo esingavamile se-aphasia esivame ukubangelwa ukushaywa yisifo. Ukushaywa yisisu kungabangelwa yi-clot engavimbela ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni (okuthiwa i- ischemic stroke ) noma nge-blood vessel ukubhula nokuvimbela igazi ukugeleza ebuchosheni (okubizwa ngokuthi isifo esibuhlungu). Ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic okudlulayo, noma "ukushaya okuncane", kubangelwa i-clot yesikhashana.
Ukuzizwa Okungalungile Kwezwi Nelimi
Ulimi alugcini nje ngamagama. Ulimi lusho ukuthi umuntu angabona futhi asebenzise amagama nemisho. Lokhu kusetshenziswe kwamagama kuhlala ikakhulukazi ehlangothini lwesobunxele lobuchopho. Uma umuntu enesifo noma isinye ukulimala okuthinta uhlangothi lwesobunxele bobuchopho, ngokuvamile kuvimbela ikhono labo lokusebenzisa ulimi. Igama elingahlanzekile lokungazithulu libangelwa umonakalo kulezi zindawo ezihlosiwe zolimi zobuchopho.
Abantu abanalesi sifo bazizwa sengathi abakwazi ukuzwa lapho omunye ekhuluma, ngisho noma umuntu ekhuluma enza kanjalo ngezwi elikhulu. Kodwa-ke, abanenkinga yokuzwa ezinye izandi, ezifana nokushaya ucingo noma i-doorbell. Abantu abanamazwi ahlanzekile futhi banokukwazi ukubhala uma becela ukwenza kanjalo, kodwa bayakwazi ukubhala ngokuzenzekelayo.
Ngezinye izikhathi izwi elimsulwa lezithulu lingumphumela wokugcina we- aphasia waseWernicke eyathuthukisiwe. Eqinisweni, umehluko ocacile ophakathi kwezwi elimsulwa le-deaf and Wernicke's aphasia yukuthi ngenkathi abantu abane-aphasia be-Wernicke belahlekelwa ikhono lokubhala imisho eqondakalayo, abantu abanamazwi ahlanzekile angakhulumi amandla okubhala.
Uma izwi elimsulwa lingazwa ngenxa yesifo, kubangelwa umonakalo kuwo wonke amafayili omzimba ahlanganisa ingxenye yengqondo eqhuba ukuzwa (i-primary auditory cortex) kanye nenxenye yobuchopho eqhuba ulimi (izindawo zokuxhumana zomuntu ophakeme i-lobe yesikhashana). Amacala amaningi ahlanzekile okuyizithulu ahlanganisa ukulimala kulezi zhlangothi zombili zobuchopho.
Kwabaningi abasindile, lolu shintsho lushintsha kakhulu impilo yabo yomphakathi .
Ukuphila Nezivivinyo Zamazwi Ahlanzekile
Kubantu abaningi abahlala ngezwi elimsulwa noma yiliphi uhlobo lwe-aphasia bazibuza ukuthi bangakwazi kanjani ukuxhumana nabantu uma bengakwazi ukuxhumana ngendlela ababeyisebenzisa ngayo.
Nazi ezinye iziphakamiso ezivela ku-American Stroke Association ezingasiza ekuvuseleleni:
- Zifundise nge-aphasia ukuze ufunde indlela entsha yokuxhumana.
- Amalungu omndeni osondelene kudingeka ahileleke ukuze aqonde izidingo zakho zokuxhumana futhi aqale ukufunda izindlela zokusiza ngenkulumo nangolwimi.
- Abasindile abaningi abahlukunyezwayo ngezinselele zokuxhumana bahlomula ngokubhala noma ukudweba ukuze bafake amazwi okukhuluma noma basebenzise izenzo noma incwadi yokuxhumana yezithombe, noma ngisho nesistimu yokuxhumana yekhompiyutha.
Amalungu omndeni angasiza futhi ukusiza ukuxhumana nge:
- Ukubuza imibuzo yebo / ayikho.
- Ukuphawula ngokuphindaphindiwe phakathi kwengxoxo.
- Ukuguqula ubude nobunzima bezingxoxo.
- Ukusebenzisa izenzo zokugcizelela amaphuzu abalulekile.
- Ukusungula isihloko ngaphambi kokuqala ingxoxo.
Inkomba:
U-Allan Roper noRobert Brown, u-Adam kanye noVictor's Principles of Neurology , edition lwesishiyagalombili 2005, iphe 417-430.
I-American Stroke Association, www.strokeassociation.org