I-Isentress (ratelgravir) iyinhlangano ye- integrase inhibitor -silasi ye- antiretroviral esetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukutheleleka nge-HIV . I-Isentress yayiyi-integrase inhibitor yokuqala yokugunyazwa yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Ngo-Okthoba 2007, kwavunyelwa ukuba kusetshenziswe abantu abadala abaphikisana nezinye izidambisigciwane . Kodwa ngoJulayi 2009, futhi kamuva ngoDisemba 2011, i-FDA yandisa isibonakaliso sayo, ivumele ukusetshenziswa kuwo wonke umuntu omdala one-HIV, kanye nabantwana abaneminyaka engu-2-18.
I-Isentress ingenye yezidakamizwa okwamanje ezinconywayo njengezinketho zokukhetha zokuqala ze-HIV zokwelashwa kwe-HIV e-US
Ukufometha
I-Isentress iyatholakala emafomeni amane ahlukene:
- Kubantu abadala nabantu abadala, i-Isentress iyatholakala njengethebhulethi elinefilimu engu-400mg, i-oval in shape kanye ne-pink-orange embala. Inombolo "207" ibhalwe eceleni.
- Ukuze izingane zingakwazi ukuthatha amaphilisi, i-Isentress iyatholakala njengokungathi i-100mg ebonakalayo (i-oval, beige, embossed ohlangothini olulodwa ne "477," ekhonjiwe ngokuhlukaniswa) noma i-25mg ebonakalayo (ephuzi ephuzi, ejikelezayo, embossed kolunye uhlangothi "473 "). Zomi zombili zine-orange-banana.
- Ukuze izingane ezincane ezingakwazi ukuthatha izintathu, i-Isentress iyatholakala ku-pack eyodwa, ukumiswa komlomo okungu-100mg. Ukumiswa komlomo kuxubaniswa ngamanzi angu-5mL futhi kulawulwa ngesipelingi somlomo. Uma uhlanganisiwe, ukulungiswa komlomo kumele kusetshenziswe kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30, noma ngabe yikuphi okusele okulahlwa ngokushesha. Ukumiswa yi-bananas.
Ungalokothi ufake endaweni e-Isentress ukuxilisa noma ukumiswa ngomlomo ngamaphilisi aphethwe yi-Isentress njengoba ama-formulations engekho ama-bioequivalent. Sebenzisa kuphela njengoba kuqondiswe (bona izilinganiso ezingezansi).
Izilinganiso
I-Isentress 400mg, amaphilisi aqoshwe ngefilimu kufanele anqunywe ngabantu abadala kanye nezingane ezindala ezikwazi ukugwinya amaphilisi, kanje:
- Abantu abadala: eyodwa tablet ye-400mg, ethathwe kabili nsuku zonke
- Kubantwana noma intsha engamakhilogremu angu-55 (25kg) noma ngaphezulu: tablet eyodwa ye-400mg, ethathwe kabili nsuku zonke
Amaphilisi angama-Isentress angasetshenziselwa izingane ezilinganiselwa ngamakhilogremu angu-20 (20kg) noma ngaphezulu abangakwazi ukugwinya amaphilisi, kanje:
- Amakhilogremu angu-20 (20kg) kuya ngaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-28 (28kg): 150mg kabili nsuku zonke
- Amakhilogremu angu-28 (28kg) angaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-40 (40kg): 200mg kabili nsuku zonke
- Amakhilogremu angu-40 (40kg): 300mg kabili nsuku zonke
Ukumiswa komlomo ka-Isentress noma amaphilisi okumele atholakale kufanele kubekwe izingane ezilinganisa okungenani amapremu angu-3kg kuya kwamakhilogremu angu-25 (25kg), kanje:
- Amakhilogremu angu-6,5 (3kg) angaphansi kwama-4kg): 1mL (20mg) alungise ukumiswa komlomo kuthathwe kabili nsuku zonke
- Amakhilogremu angama-4kg kuya kwamakhilogremu ayisithupha (6kg): 1.5mL (30mg) alungise ukumiswa komlomo kuthathwe kabili nsuku zonke
- Amakhilogremu ayisithupha (6kg) kuya ngaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-8kg: 2mL (40mg) alungise ukumiswa komlomo kuthathwe kabili nsuku zonke
- Amakhilogremu angu-8 (8kg) angaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-11kg: 3mL (60mg) alungise ukumiswa komlomo kuthathwe kabili nsuku zonke
- Amakhilogremu angu-11 (11kg) angaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-14k (4kL): 4mL (80kg) alungise ukumiswa komlomo kuthathwe kabili nsuku zonke OR amaphilisi angama-75mg athathwe kabili nsuku zonke
- Amakhilogremu angu-14 (14kg) kuya ngaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-20k (5kL): 5mL (100kg) alungise ukumiswa komlomo kuthathwe kabili nsuku zonke OR 100mg amaphilisi afunekayo athathwa kabili nsuku zonke
Ukulawulwa kwezidakamizwa
I-Isentress ingathathwa noma ngaphandle kokudla. I-Isentress ayikwazi ukuthathwa yedwa futhi kumele inqunywe njengengxenye ye- combination antiretroviral therapy (ipati) .
Imiphumela Ejwayelekile Ejwayelekile
Imiphumela emibi kakhulu eyaziwayo (eyenzeka ngo-2% noma ngaphansi kwamacala) yi:
- Ukungalali
- Izinwele
- Isizungu
- I-nausea
- Ukukhathala
Ukungafani
Akukho
Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa
Sicela uxule udokotela wakho uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi elandelayo njengoba engavunyelwe ukubambisana nge-Isentress futhi ingaphazamisa ukutholakala kwezidakamizwa:
- Ama-antibiotics ase-Rifampin: Rifadan, Rifater, Rifamate, Rimactane
- I-aluminium- noma i-magnesium-based antacids (isb., I-Tums, i-Milk yeMagnesia, njll)
Ukucabangela
Iziguli ezithola impendulo yokugula ngemuva kokuqala i-Isentress kufanele zithinte udokotela wazo ngokushesha. Ukwelapha kumele kumiswe futhi ukwelashwa kufuneke uma ukuqhuma kuhambisane nomkhuhlane, izinhlungu noma izinhlungu ezihlangene, izilonda noma izilonda, ubomvu noma ukuvuvukala kwamehlo, ukuvuvukala ubuso noma umlomo, noma izinkinga zokuphefumula. Iziguli eziye zabhekana nokusabela okuthinta i-Isentress akufanele ziphinde zinselele nezidakamizwa ngemva kokuxazulula izimpawu.
Ucwaningo lwezilwane alubonanga ukukhubazeka kokubeletha kwesisu noma ukubeletha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kumagundane noma onogwaja ovezwe ku-Isentress. Kodwa-ke, umthelela we-Isentress onsana olusengumama awusungulwa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuncelisa ukubeletha akukhuthazwa ukuthi omama bathathe i-Isentress.
Imithombo:
UMnyango wezeMpilo kanye nezinsizakalo zabasebenzi (DHHS). "Imihlahlandlela yokusetshenziswa kwama-Antiretroviral Agents ku-HIV-1-Adult Adult and Adolescents." I-Rockville, e-Maryland.
I-FDA. "I-FDA Yandisa Ukusetshenziswa Kwesifo Sezidakamizwa Ze-HIV Kwabantwana Nengane Yentsha." I-Silver Spring, e-Maryland; Disemba 21, 2011.
Ama-Reuters. "UPDATE 2-FDA OKs Ukusetshenziswa Kakhulu Kwe-Merck's Isentress HIV Drug." NgoJulayi 9, 2009.
I-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). "Iphakethe Lokuvunyelwa Kwezidakamizwa - Igama LamaDakamizwa: Isentress (ratelgravir) Amathebulethi angu-400mg." I-Silver Spring, e-Maryland; Okthoba 12, 2007.