Ukuqhathanisa izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwebelevuza
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa ezinikezwa umdlavuza webele, futhi ungaziqhathanisa kanjani na?
Ukuvimbela umdlavuza ukuphindaphindiwe yiyona okubaluleke kakhulu uma kuziwa ekuhlinzeni umdlavuza webele. Umgomo ukukhipha isisu ukuze kungabikho kamuva esibelethweni sakho, noma usakaze futhi ubonakale kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.
Izinto Okufanele Zicabangele Ekukhetheni I-Cancer Breast
Uma udinga ukuhlinzekwa umdlavuza webele, unezinqubo ezithile zokukhetha.
Cabanga ngalezi zici njengoba ufunda ngezinketho ezahlukene:
- Ubukhulu besisu sakho, ibanga, nesimo sakho se-lymph node uma wazi ..
- Ubani ozokwenza ukuhlinzwa kwakho? Udokotela ohlinzayo jikelele, noma udokotela ohlinzayo ogxile ekuhlinzekeni kwebele?
- Yimuphi umphumela wezitho zomzimba ongawulindela kusuka enkambweni ngayinye. Lokhu kungancika kokubili ubukhulu besisu sakho futhi lapho kutholakala esifubeni sakho.
- Isikhathi osifisa ukususa emsebenzini noma ukuvala impilo. Ezinye izinqubo zinezikhathi eziningi zokutakula kunezinye.
- Izingozi ezihambisana nokuhlinzwa ngalunye.
- Izinzuzo zokuhlinza ngalunye mayelana nethuba lokuphindaphinda kwendawo (ukuphindaphinda esifubeni.)
- Ukwelashwa okuzoba khona ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa, kuhlanganise ne-chemotherapy ne-hormonal therapy.
- Isidingo sokuba nomuthi wokwelashwa.
- Kungenzeka ukuthi ungaba nomdlavuza webele wesifo.
Izinhlobo zokubelethwa kwe-Cancer
Izinqubo ezintathu zokuhlinza ezisetshenziselwa umdlavuza webele:
- I-Lumpectomy - Ukususwa kwesisu esinomdlavuza kanye nomkhawulo wezicubu ezungezile.
- I-quadrantectomy - Ukususwa komdlavuza kanye nendawo enkulu yezicubu ezinamahloni.
- I-Mastectomy - Ukususwa kwazo zonke izicubu zesifuba kunhlangothi eyodwa noma zombili. Kwezinye izimo, ingxenye yesifuba yonke imisipha ingasuswa futhi.
Ukuqhathanisa Ukwelashwa Kwebelevuza Yasebele futhi Ukhethe
Ngayinye yalezi zinqubo izochazwa maduze ngezansi, ngezixhumanisi ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nanoma yini oyithandayo ekucabangeni. Ukufunda phezulu ngakunye kungakusiza uqonde izinzuzo nezingozi futhi kukusize uxoxe ngezinketho zakho nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo ukuze wenze ukhetho oluthe xaxa. Uma usufundile mayelana nazo zonke izinketho ezingezansi, hlola lolu hlu lwemibuzo engu-10 okufanele uyicabangele uma unquma phakathi kwe-mastectomy ne-lumpectomy .
Lumpectomy for Cancer Breast
I-lumpectomy iyinkimbinkimbi encane yokuhlinzwa ebizwa nangokuthi "i-wide excision". Uma uzwa ukukhuluma "ngenqubo yokulondoloza isifuba" kungenzeka ukuthi inqubo echazwayo. Umsebenzi wakho wokuhlinza uzoba ukususa isifuba ngokwayo kanye nomkhawulo wezicubu ezizungeze umgqomo. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzosebenza ngokuzizwa nangolwazi olufakwe kumbiko wakho we-mammogram noma we-ultrasound.
Ukuthola "ama-margin ecacile" kubaluleke kakhulu uma kwenziwa inqubo ye-lumpectomy , futhi kungani indawo yesisindo esungeze lesi sifo nayo isusiwe. Njengoba i-tumor ngokuvamile inamaphutha noma ama-spiculated surfaces okungenzeka azama ukuphuma futhi asakaze, udokotela ohlinzayo uzofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uma isisu sisusiwe akukho bufakazi bokuthi isisu sishiye emathisini.
I-tentacles noma ama-bumps angaphandle omdlavuza yilokho enikeza umdlavuza igama layo, elivela egameni le-crab.
Kuye ngokuthi izicubu eziningi zisusiwe, ungase ungadingi isisindo, noma ukukhishwa okungaphezulu kwesibindi sakho, ngemuva kokuthi uphinde usule ku-lumpectomy. Umzimba wakho uzokhiqiza ezinye izicubu ezibomvu endaweni yokuhlinza, okuzogcwalisa indawo lapho kutholakala khona isikhumba. Lokhu kuzoshintsha ukuthungwa kwesifuba sakho ngandlela-thile, futhi le ndawo izodalula kumammogram okuzayo okuhlukile emathisini asebele angaphazamiseki. Uyothola isikhala esikhunjeni lapho isikhumba sakho senziwe khona, kodwa ngokucophelela, lokhu kuzokwenyuka emgqeni omncane okulula nje isikhumba esizungezile.
Buza udokotela wakho ohlinzayo noma udokotela womndeni ukuthi ungawuthatha kanjani ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu kwe-incision futhi ukhuthaze ukuphulukiswa.
I-quadrantectomy ye-Breast Cancer
Izicubu ezinkulu zingadinga i- quadrantectomy . Lolu hlobo lokuhlinza lukhipha ingxenye eyodwa yesine futhi lubhekwa njengenqubo yokulondolozwa kwebele. Iyaziwa nangokuthi i-mastectomy eyingxenye. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzosusa isisu kanye namamitha angu-2-3 (1 -1½ amasentimitha) wezicubu zesifuba ezizungezile ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi amaphezu azungeze isisu acacile ngomdlavuza.
Isikhumba esilele phezu kwaleli qembu lesifuba sakho sizosuswa futhi ezinye zezintambo zesigubu esifubeni, ngaphansi kwesisu, zingadinga ukukhishwa. Ama- lymph nodes asondelene ne-tumor azosuswa futhi ahlolwe amaseli omdlavuza, njengoba nje isikhumba kanye nezicubu ezizungeze isisu.
I-quadrantectomy izoholela ekuguquleni usayizi nobujamo besifuba sakho, futhi ngemva kokuphuluka ekuhlinzekeni, ungase ungakhethi noma ungakhethi ukusebenzisa enye i-padding eyengeziwe ebhodini lakho ukuze ubonakale ngisho nokubukeka kwakho. Ungase ufise nokuba nodokotela ohlinzayo we-plastiki avuselele isifuba sibe ngosayizi omncane ngesimo esingokwemvelo. Lolu hlobo lwenqubo lungcono kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba nanoma imiphi imithi yokwelashwa, njengama-rayation noma i-chemotherapy, yenziwa.
I-mastectomy ye-Cancer Breast
Uma i-tumor ikhulu noma ingenangqondo, i- mastectomy ingadingeka. Lolu hlobo lokuhlinza lukhipha izicubu eziningi zesifuba ngangokunokwenzeka. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-mastectomy: i-modified radical mastectomy ne-total, noma i-Halstead, i-mastectomy.
- I- mastectomy eguquguqukayo eguquliwe isusa zonke izicubu zesifuba esisodwa noma zombili izinhlangothi kuye ngokuthi ngabe unenqubo eyodwa noma eminye. Isikhumba sebele nesinxeba singasuswa noma singasuswa, kuye ngokuthi ngabe udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ukhululekile ukwenza le nqubo, futhi uma isisu sakho sendawo lapho lokhu kwenzeka khona. I-lymph node dissection ye-axillary ingenziwa uma i- nodeal node biopsy inquma ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona ema-lymph nodes.
- Ingqikithi, noma i- Halstead i-mastectomy isusa ingono kanye ne-areola, isikhumba sesifuba kanye nezicubu, futhi ingase isuse ingxenye yesisindo somdanso wesifuba ngaphansi kwesifuba. Ama-lymph nodes endaweni ye-armpit (i-axilla) nayo izosuswa futhi ihlolwe ngomdlavuza.
Ngaphandle kokuvuselelwa kwebele noma ukuhlinzekwa kwepulasitiki okwenziwe ngemuva kwe-mastectomy, uzothola uhlamvu oluncane oluboshiwe, futhi isikhumba esifundeni sebele sizoba nesicathulo. Ukunakekelwa kahle kwesibazi kuzoholela emgqeni wokukhanya omuhle, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ungasebenzisa i-bra esithombeni, enezikhwama zokubamba isifuba sebele , uma uthanda, ukulinganisela ukubukeka kwakho.
Ukwakhiwa Kwebele Isisu Ngemva Kwemastectomy
Uma ukhethe ukuvuselelwa kwesifuba ngokushesha, udokotela ohlinzayo ngeke asuse isikhumba esikhulu, ukuze ivalwe phezu kwesifuba esakhiwe kabusha. Uma ingono yakho isusiwe nge-mastectomy, nawe unenketho yokuba ne-nipple ne-areola eyakhiwe kusuka esikhumbeni sakho esisele.
Ukuthola Udokotela Ohlinzayo Ohle
Uma ungakaze uhlinzekwe, noma ungayazi udokotela ohlinzayo ukuze abone ngalokhu, cela udokotela noma umhlengikazi womndeni wakho ukuba atusa udokotela ohlinzayo. Uma une-oncologist, kufanele futhi akwazi ukukudlulisela odokotela abahlinzayo abaye benza lezi zinhlobo zokuhlinza umdlavuza webele.
Ukuthola udokotela ohlinzayo onolwazi oluthe xaxa ekuhlinzekeni kwebele futhi ophethe idumela elihle kuwusizo olukhulu. Uma nabo babe namakhono okulalela okuhle futhi bayakwazi ukuphendula imibuzo yakho ngolimi olucacile nokubekezela okukhulu, khona-ke uthola igugu.
Ukubhekana noMshuwalense Wezempilo
Hlola nekhampani yakho yomshuwalense wezempilo, uma unayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo ozikhethela kanye nesibhedlela noma isikhungo sokuhlinzeka lapho esebenza khona sikhishwe. Futhi, ngaphambi kokuba uvumelane nanoma yiziphi izinqubo, hlola abasebenzi bakho ohlinzayo ukuze ubone ukuthi bangasebenza yini nenkampani yakho yomshuwalense wezempilo ukuze uthole izinzuzo ezingcono kuwe.
Ngenkathi uhlola umshuwalense wakho, thola ukuthi yiziphi izinkampani ze-anesthesia ezisebenza esibhedlela. Qinisekisa ukuthi lezo zihlanganiswe umshwalense wakho wezempilo. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo, esibhedlela, kanye ne-anesthesiologist bazokukhokhela zonke futhi / noma umshuwalense wakho wezempilo ngokwehlukana. Ukwenza umsebenzi wakho wesikole kuqala kungasiza ekuvimbeleni nanoma yiziphi izinselele zezimali ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwakho.
Ukubhekana nokusekela
Uma ucabangela ukukhetha kwezinqubo ongazithandayo, kubalulekile ukuthi ukhethe lowo owodwa okhululekile kakhulu. Uma umndeni noma abangane bengavumelani, bababonge ngokuzithoba ngemibono yabo futhi ubazise ukuthi wenza isinqumo ozizwa sincono kakhulu kuwe. Cabanga ngokuthola umbono wesibili kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyaphila. Kunezinketho eziningi kakhulu kunokuba ngisho neminyaka embalwa eyedlule uma kuziwa ekulawuleni umdlavuza webele, kodwa lokhu kusho nokuthi kunezinqumo eziningi ezizodinga ukwenziwa. Funda ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani njengesiguli somdlavuza ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu.