Amagundane atholakale esekelwe ezimpawu zomtholampilo, ikakhulukazi ukuvuvukala kwentamo nesiphambano sesiphansi, okuwuphawu lokuhweba lokutheleleka kwamangqamuzana.
Ukwengeza, kunezinye izivivinyo zokuxilonga ezingasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye namasampuli wamathe atholakala ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho ayilusizo kakhulu. Ukuhlola ukuhlola kungasiza ekuhloleni ezinye zezinkinga zamagundane.
Ukuhlola Ukuhlola / Ukuhlolwa Kwekhaya
Uma wena noma ingane yakho ingakutholanga ukugonywa kwezibeletho, kunengozi enkulu yokugula ngesifo. Uma ngabe wena noma ingane yakho isengozini yokukhuphuka, kufanele uzijwayele izibonakaliso zokuqala zesimo ukuze ukwazi ukuyiqaphela futhi ugweme ukusakaza kwabanye. Lezi zingabandakanya umkhuhlane, ikhanda, isithukuthezi, izinhlungu zomzimba, ubuhlungu uma udla noma ugwinya, noma nje uzizwa ugijima phansi.
Ama-Labs nezivivinyo
Kunezivivinyo eziningana ezingakwazi ukubona igciwane emzimbeni wakho. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungabuye kubone amasosha omzimba omzimba wakho okulwa nawo ukulwa negciwane.
I-Buccal Swab Polymerase Chain Reaction (i-PCR)
Indawo yebhakede yindawo ejulile emlonyeni wakho, ngemuva kwamazinyo emhlane. I-buccal swab iqoqo lamathe, futhi mhlawumbe ukukhwa kwezicubu, kusuka kule ndawo.
Amathe aqoqwe angabuye ahlolwe ukuba khona kwe-RNA yegciwane, okuyizinto ezakhiwe ngegciwane lesigciwane.
Uhlolo lofuzo olubizwa ngokuthi i-PCR test lubonisa ukuthi yiliphi uhlobo lwegciwane eliqoqiwe ematheni.
I-Antibody ivivinya
Umzimba wenza ama-antibodies ekuphenduleni ukutheleleka. Ngenxa yokuthi imithi yokugoma igxilisa ukubunjwa kwe-antibody, ungase ube nama-antibodies kumagciwane we-mumps uma uye wagonwa noma uma unesifo futhi usilwe ngempumelelo.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kungathola ukuthi i-antibodies egazini lakho futhi kungahlukanisa nokuthi ngabe ungenalo igciwane noma ngabe unesifo esithathelwanayo. Uma une-anti-gciwane ye-serum ekhona egazini lakho, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi uvikelekile emathunjini. Uma une-infection ekhuthele ukuhlolwa kwakho kuzobonisa amabhodlela omzimba we-IgM.
Amasiko eSalivary
Isiko eliyisimanga siwuvivinyo lapho umthamo oqoqwe khona ematheni uthathwa ebhodini ukuhlola ukukhula kwegciwane ngokwayo. Kulula ukuthi udokotela wakho athole amathe emlonyeni wakho ngokususa indawo yebhakede, njengokuhlolwa kwe-PCR.
Isiko sithatha isikhathi sokubonisa ukukhula kwegciwane, futhi kungathatha amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu ukuze uvivinyo lwakho lube oluhle.
Isibonelo samasiko omgogodla namasiko
Uma wena noma umntanakho unesifo se- meningitis noma i-encephalitis ngenxa yamagundane, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lingase lidingeke lenze ukukhishwa kwe-lumbar ukuqoqa isampula ye- cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), umkhuhlane ozungeza ubuchopho.
Ukukhishwa kwesibindi , okubizwa nangokuthi umgogodla womgogodla, kuyilingo lapho udokotela wakho efaka khona inaliti endaweni yangasemuva, phakathi kwemizimba ye-vertebral, ukuqoqa isampula yomswakama ojikeleze ubuchopho bakho nomthambo womgogodla. Lokhu okuketshezi kungabonisa ukwandisa amaseli wegazi elimhlophe namaprotheni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukwehla kweglucose, okukhombisa ukutheleleka, kepha akusho ukuthi unomuthi.
Kodwa-ke, uma igciwane le-mumps likhula emkhakheni we-CSF, khona-ke lokhu kusikisela kakhulu ukuthi une-meningitis noma i-encephalitis ngenxa yamamitha.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Enzyme Pancreatic
Uma une- pancreatitis njengengcindezi yamangqamuzana, ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho kungabonisa ukungafani okucacile okubonisa ukuzibandakanya kwe-pancreatic. I-enzyme ye-pancreatic-amylase, lipase, ne-elastase-1-ingaphakanyiswa uma une-pancreatitis ngenxa yokutheleleka kwamamitha.
Ukucabanga
Ngokuvamile, ukucwaninga izithombe akuyona ingxenye yokuxilongwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezinkinga zezinsizi, ukucwaninga izithombe kungaba usizo.
Neck CT
Uma imbangela yokuvuvukala kwentamo yakho ingacacile, ungase udingeke ukuthi ucwecwe intamo yakho ukukhomba ezinye izimbangela zokukhukhumeza kwentamo, njengokuhlukumezeka, amantombazane, noma kumdlavuza ongavamile.
I-Brain CT noma i-MRI
Uma une-encephalitis ngenxa yamangqamuzana, ungaba nezibonakaliso ezinkulu, ezifana nokuhlukunyezwa, okudinga ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo ne-imaging yobuchopho. Uma unezimpawu ze-neurological, udokotela wakho angase adinge ukubona ukuhlolwa kwe-CT kwengqondo yakho ngaphambi kokwenza ukukhishwa kwe-lumbar.
I-CT yomzimba noma i-Ultrasound
Uma unezibonakaliso noma izimpawu zokuphefumula, udokotela wakho angadinga ukuba ahlele i-CT yesisu noma i-ultrasound ukuze ahlaziye kangcono isimo sakho futhi ubone ukuthi unobunikazi bokuvuvukala kwesisu noma isifo.
I-Ultrasound yobufakazi
Uma unokuvuvukala kwe-testicular, enye yezinkinga zokutheleleka kwamangqamuzana, udokotela wakho angase alawule ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging ukuze anqume ukuthi kukhona yini enye inkinga ebangela ukuvuvukala nokuthi ngabe udinga noma yikuphi ukungenelela kwezokwelapha noma okuhlinzayo.
Ukuhlonza okuhlukile
Amagundane abangela izibonakaliso eziningana ezifana nezinye izimo. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-mumps ajwayelekile, udokotela wakho kungenzeka acabangele ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu zakho.
Ukutheleleka ngegciwane
Izifo eziningi ezibangelwa amagciwane zibangelwa ikhanda, imfiva, ukukhathala, nama-accle aches. Ukuvuvukala kwezingqungquthela ze-parotid kuyinto ephawulekayo yezimpungushe, kodwa izifo eziningi zingabangela ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes entanyeni nasezintanjeni.
Ngokuvamile, ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukutheleleka okuningi kwegciwane akuyona into evelele njengeyomuthi. Izivivinyo ze-antibody, ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR, namasiko angahlukanisa igciwane elilodwa kolunye.
Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane
Ukutheleleka okuningi kwamagciwane okuthinta indlela yokuphefumula kungabangela izimpawu ezifanayo njengama-mumps, futhi ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukukhuliswa kwe-lymph node. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka kwama-bacterium ngokuvamile kungaphathwa ngama-antibiotics, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho kungenzeka asebenze ukuhlolwa ukuze abone amabhaktheriya uma ukutheleleka kwakho kubhekwa kakhulu ukuthi kungukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya.
Abscess
I- abscess yi-infection ehlanganisiwe engahlakulela ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka, ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya, noma ukungavamile ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu bezinsiza, kanye nomkhuhlane, kungalingisa i-abscess. Ukuhlola ngokomzimba noma ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging kungasiza ukucacisa umehluko.
I-neck Trauma
Ukuvuvukala entanyeni eyenzeka nge-mumps kungabonakala njengokuvuvukala ngemva kokulimala okubuhlungu. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthi ingane yakho yalimala noma isifo, kunezindlela ezimbalwa odokotela bezingane zakho abazokwazi umahluko.
Umlando wezokwelapha ungaba usizo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi izingane ezikhuthele kakhulu azikwazi ukukhumbula ukuwa noma ukuzilimaza ngokwabo. Ukuba khona komkhuhlane, ikhanda, ukukhathala, kanye nama-acular muscle aches kusikisela ukuthi ingane yakho inezinambuzane. Uma kukhona ubuhlungu obuningi endaweni evuvukalayo, ukulimaza, noma izimpawu zokulimala kwenye indawo emzimbeni, lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ukuhlukumezeka kungase kubangele ukuvuvukala kunokuba iminyumba.
I-Cancer
Ukuvuvukala kwamagundane kungase kube nokulingana, futhi ukuvuvukala kungaba uphawu lokuqala lomdlavuza. Udokotela wakho angase alandele ukuhlola izithombe zokuhlola futhi mhlawumbe i-biopsy ukucacisa imbangela yokuvuvukala kwakho. Ungesabi uma lezi zivivinyo ziyalwe-noma ngabe zikhona, zizosiza ukulawula ukuxilongwa komdlavuza.
I-Torsion yobufakazi
Ukuvuvukala kokuqina nokuvuvukala kungadinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Ukuvuthwa okubonakalayo, okuyinto ephikisayo noma ukuvinjelwa kwentambo ye-spermatic, kuphakathi kwezimbangela ezivame kakhulu neziphathekayo zokuvuvukala kwe-testicular.
Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-torsion testicular zingase zivele zifana nalokho kokuvuvukala kwe-testicular okubangelwa ama-mumps. Uma udokotela wakho ekhathazekile ukuthi imbangela yokuvuvukala kwakho kwe-testicular yinto ngaphandle kwemisipha, ungase udingeke ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging ukuhlukanisa imbangela nokunquma ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
> Imithombo:
> Cheung L, Henderson AH, Banfield G, Carswell A. Ezingxenyeni ezihlangene ze-submandibular gland. I-BMJ Case Rep. 2017 Jun 5; 2017. i-pii: bcr-2017-220103. i-doi: 10.1136 / bcr-2017-220103.
> Magurano F, Baggieri M, Marchi A, Bucci P, Rezza G, Nicoletti L. Mumps ukungaqiniseki kokutholwa komtholampilo.